scholarly journals Increased systemic immune activation and inflammatory profile of long-term HIV-infected ART-controlled patients is related to personal factors, but not to markers of HIV infection severity

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-P. Bastard ◽  
S. Fellahi ◽  
C. Couffignal ◽  
F. Raffi ◽  
G. Gras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Systemic Immune Activation ◽  
Inflammatory Profile

scholarly journals Immunovirological parameters and cytokines in HIV infection

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 663-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ingrid Tasca ◽  
Sueli Aparecida Calvi ◽  
Lenice do Rosário de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapies ◽  
The Many ◽  
Lower Morbidity

Although modern combined antiretroviral therapies (cART) result in lower morbidity and mortality and a visible improvement of clinical and laboratory parameters in HIV-infected, it is known that their long-term use contributes to appearance of the many events unrelated to AIDS such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer and osteoporosis, comorbidities which have been proposed as some of the most important that deprive the majority of infected to present an even better prognosis. This is because even with a decrease in inflammation and immune activation after drug intervention to the patient, these parameters remain higher than those shown by healthy individuals and the imbalance of cytokine profiles also persists. Therefore, evaluations of other biomarkers in clinical practice are needed to complement the exams already carried out routinely and allow more effective monitoring of HIV patients. This review aims to investigate the role of cytokines as potential markers showing studies on their behavior in various stages of HIV infection, with or without cART.

scholarly journals Mucosal Th17 Cell Function Is Altered during HIV Infection and Is an Independent Predictor of Systemic Immune Activation

2013 ◽  
Vol 191 (5) ◽  
pp. 2164-2173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Connie J. Kim ◽  
Lyle R. McKinnon ◽  
Colin Kovacs ◽  
Gabor Kandel ◽  
Sanja Huibner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Th17 Cell ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Systemic Immune Activation

scholarly journals Systemic Immune Activation in HIV Infection Is Associated with Decreased MDC Responsiveness to TLR Ligand and Inability to Activate Naive CD4 T-Cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. e23884 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Yonkers ◽  
Benigno Rodriguez ◽  
Robert Asaad ◽  
Michael M. Lederman ◽  
Donald D. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Systemic Immune Activation

scholarly journals Newborns With Zika Virus-Associated Microcephaly Exhibit Marked Systemic Inflammatory Imbalance

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (4) ◽  
pp. 670-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caian L Vinhaes ◽  
María B Arriaga ◽  
Breno L de Almeida ◽  
João V Oliveira ◽  
Cleiton S Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Activation ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Systemic Immune Activation ◽  
Activation Profile ◽  
Inflammatory Profile ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emergent flavivirus initially considered a benign and self-limited exanthematic illness. In 2015, a new epidemic emerged in northeastern of Brazil with increased incidence of a previously rare clinical outcome, microcephaly, in newborns from mothers who were infected during pregnancy. Little is known about the immunopathogenesis of ZIKV-associated microcephaly. Understanding the inflammatory profile and degree of inflammation of persons affected with such condition is an important step towards development of innovative therapeutic strategies. Methods A case-control study compared plasma levels of several inflammatory biomarkers from newborns with ZIKV microcephaly, asymptomatic ZKV infection, or uninfected controls. Plasma biomarkers were assessed using Luminex. A series of multidimensional analysis was performed to characterize the systemic immune activation profile of the clinical groups. Results We identified an inflammatory signature associated with ZIKV microcephaly that suggested an increased inflammation. Network analysis suggested that ZIKV microcephaly is associated with imbalanced immune activation and inflammation. The cephalic perimeter was inversely proportional with the degree of inflammatory perturbation. Furthermore, a combination of plasma inflammatory biomarkers could discriminate ZIKV with microcephaly from those with ZIKV without microcephaly or uninfected neonates. Conclusions An intense inflammatory imbalance that is proportional to the disease severity hallmarks ZIKV microcephaly.

scholarly journals Soluble CD163 Identifies Those at Risk for Increased Hepatic Inflammation & Fibrosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E Sherman ◽  
Heidi L Meeds ◽  
Susan D Rouster ◽  
Enass A Abdel-Hameed ◽  
Jacqueline Hernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Fibrosis ◽  
Kupffer Cell ◽  
Immune Activation ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Activation Markers ◽  
Soluble Cd163 ◽  
Systemic Immune Activation ◽  
Hcv Coinfection

Abstract Background Liver disease remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected persons. Soluble CD163 is a marker of Kupffer cell activation that is highly associated with development of hepatic fibrosis. The relative contributions of HIV-associated systemic immune activation versus other etiologies of injury are poorly characterized. Methods We utilized subjects in the Miami Adult Studies on HIV (MASH) cohort to evaluate 464 participants including 361 PLWH and 103 HCV/HIV uninfected controls. Subjects underwent testing for hepatic fibrosis using both MRE and ELF. Steatosis was evaluated by MRI-PDFF. Immune activation markers and cytokines were quantitated using Luminex methodologies. Results Participants with HIV with or without HCV coinfection had higher levels of sCD163 than uninfected controls (p<0.05). Soluble sCD163 was highly associated with elevated ALT, a key marker of inflammation/injury and with hepatic fibrosis. Hepatic steatosis was also associated with a cytokine pattern suggestive of Kupffer cell activation, but was not associated with an increase in sCD14 or sCD27. Conclusions Injury and resultant hepatic fibrosis occur by distinct though overlapping mechanistic pathways. In PLWH, sCD163 is highly associated with both injury and fibrosis suggesting that persistent systemic immune activation is a major contributor to long term outcomes, adding to damage caused by alcohol, steatosis and other hepatotoxic drug effects.

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