scholarly journals CNS effects of a CCR5 inhibitor in HIV-infected subjects: a pharmacokinetic and cerebral metabolite study

2011 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Garvey ◽  
M. Nelson ◽  
N. Latch ◽  
O. W. Erlwein ◽  
J. M. Allsop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cns Effects ◽  
Ccr5 Inhibitor ◽  
Cerebral Metabolite

Exploring the CNS effects of acupuncture needling with TMS

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Zunhammer ◽  
V Busch ◽  
J Franz ◽  
J Haas ◽  
P Eichhammer
Keyword(s):  
Cns Effects

scholarly journals Potent Synergistic Anti-Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Effects Using Combinations of the CCR5 Inhibitor Aplaviroc with Other Anti-HIV Drugs

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 2111-2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirotomo Nakata ◽  
Seth M. Steinberg ◽  
Yasuhiro Koh ◽  
Kenji Maeda ◽  
Yoshikazu Takaoka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Approved Drugs ◽  
Hiv Drugs ◽  
Nonparametric Statistical ◽  
Anti Hiv ◽  
Ccr5 Inhibitor ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Aplaviroc (AVC), an experimental CCR5 inhibitor, potently blocks in vitro the infection of R5-tropic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (R5-HIV-1) at subnanomolar 50% inhibitory concentrations. Although maraviroc is presently clinically available, further studies are required to determine the role of CCR5 inhibitors in combinations with other drugs. Here we determined anti-HIV-1 activity using combinations of AVC with various anti-HIV-1 agents, including four U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs, two CCR5 inhibitors (TAK779 and SCH-C) and two CXCR4 inhibitors (AMD3100 and TE14011). Combination effects were defined as synergistic or antagonistic when the activity of drug A combined with B was statistically greater or less, respectively, than the additive effects of drugs A and A combined and drugs B and B combined by using the Combo method, described in this paper, which provides (i) a flexible choice of interaction models and (ii) the use of nonparametric statistical methods. Synergistic effects against R5-HIV-1Ba-L and a 50:50 mixture of R5-HIV-1Ba-L and X4-HIV-1ERS104pre (HIV-1Ba-L/104pre) were seen when AVC was combined with zidovudine, nevirapine, indinavir, or enfuvirtide. Mild synergism and additivity were observed when AVC was combined with TAK779 and SCH-C, respectively. We also observed more potent synergism against HIV-1Ba-L/104pre when AVC was combined with AMD3100 or TE14011. The data demonstrate a tendency toward greater synergism with AVC plus either of the two CXCR4 inhibitors compared to the synergism obtained with combinations of AVC and other drugs, suggesting that the development of effective CXCR4 inhibitors may be important for increasing the efficacies of CCR5 inhibitors.

scholarly journals The antipsychotic activity of alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2389
Author(s):  
Amit S. Kamdi ◽  
Sarika D. Kokane ◽  
Pankaj N. Bohra ◽  
Suvarna M. Kalambe
Keyword(s):  
Avoidance Response ◽  
Conditioned Avoidance ◽  
Conditioned Avoidance Response ◽  
P Value ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Swiss Albino Mice ◽  
Withania Coagulans ◽  
Antipsychotic Activity ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Cns Effects

Background: Schizophrenia is one of the most distressing central nervous system (CNS) disorders. It is described by positive, negative and cognitive symptoms. These symptoms can be controlled by the antipsychotic medicines. The numerous antipsychotic medications used today are not lacking the adverse drug reactions. The Withania coagulans a susceptible species, is not explored much for its CNS effects except in late seventies. Therefore, it was thought worthwhile to investigate anti-psychotic activities of alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits. The objective of the present study was to assess the antipsychotic activity of alcoholic extract of Withania coagulans fruits in Swiss albino mice by Cook’s Pole Climb Apparatus for conditioned avoidance response (CAR)Methods: Cook’s Pole Climb Apparatus for conditioned avoidance response was used for assessing the antipsychotic activity of the alcoholic extract of 200mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg doses of Withania coagulans fruits.Results: There was statistically (p-value >0.05) no significant association between any of the 200mg/kg, 500mg/kg and 1000mg/kg doses of the alcoholic extracts of Withania coagulans fruits with antipsychotic activity in Swiss albino mice.Conclusions: Withania coagulans fruits alcoholic extract did not demonstrate antipsychotic activity in Swiss albino mice under standard conditions.

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