scholarly journals Nosocomial bloodstream infections due to viridans streptococci in haematological and non-haematological patients: species distribution and antimicrobial resistance

2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 631-634 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Lyytikainen
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Viridans Streptococci ◽  
Haematological Patients

scholarly journals Bacterial etiology of bloodstream infections and antimicrobial resistance in Dhaka, Bangladesh, 2005–2014

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dilruba Ahmed ◽  
Md Ausrafuggaman Nahid ◽  
Abdullah Bashar Sami ◽  
Farhana Halim ◽  
Nasrin Akter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bloodstream Infections

scholarly journals Molecular epidemiology of catheter-related bloodstream infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci in haematological patients with neutropenia

2004 ◽  
Vol 132 (5) ◽  
pp. 921-925 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. MÜLLER-PREMRU ◽  
P. ČERNELČ
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Venous Catheter ◽  
Blood Cultures ◽  
Peripheral Vein ◽  
Central Venous ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Haematological Patients

Catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) is common in haematological patients with febrile neutropenia. As the clinical signs of CRBSI are usually scarce and it is difficult to differentiate from blood culture contamination, we tried to confirm CRBSI by molecular typing of CNS isolated from paired blood cultures (one from a peripheral vein and another from the central venous catheter hub). Blood cultures were positive in 59 (36%) out of 163 patients. CNS were isolated in 24 (40%) patients; in 14 from paired blood cultures (28 isolates) and in 10 from a single blood culture. CNS from paired blood cultures were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined and bacteria were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of bacterial genomic DNA. In 13 patients, the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates was identical. The PFGE patterns from paired blood cultures were identical or closely related in 10 patients, thus confirming the presence of CRBSI. In the remaining four patients they were unrelated, and suggested a mixed infection or contamination. Since CNS isolates from three patients had identical PFGE patterns, they were probably nosocomially spread amongst them.

scholarly journals Predictors of Mortality in Bloodstream Infections Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Impact of Antimicrobial Resistance and Bacterial Virulence

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raúl Recio ◽  
Mikel Mancheño ◽  
Esther Viedma ◽  
Jennifer Villa ◽  
María Ángeles Orellana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Crude Mortality ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Whether multidrug resistance (MDR) is associated with mortality in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections (BSI) remains controversial. Here, we explored the prognostic factors of P. aeruginosa BSI with emphasis on antimicrobial resistance and virulence. All P. aeruginosa BSI episodes in a 5-year period were retrospectively analyzed. The impact in early (5-day) and late (30-day) crude mortality of host, antibiotic treatment, and pathogen factors was assessed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of 243 episodes, 93 (38.3%) were caused by MDR-PA. Crude 5-day (20%) and 30-day (33%) mortality was more frequent in patients with MDR-PA (34.4% versus 11.3%, P < 0.001 and 52.7% versus 21.3%, P < 0.001, respectively). Early mortality was associated with neutropenia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 9.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.40 to 24.9; P < 0.001), increased Pitt score (aOR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.34 to 4.36; P = 0.003), respiratory source (aOR, 3.23; 95% CI,2.01 to 5.16; P < 0.001), inadequate empirical therapy (aOR, 4.57; 95% CI, 1.59 to 13.1; P = 0.005), shorter time to positivity of blood culture (aOR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.80 to 0.97; P = 0.010), an exoU-positive genotype (aOR, 3.58; 95% CI, 1.31 to 9.79; P = 0.013), and the O11 serotype (aOR, 3.64; 95% CI, 1.20 to 11.1; P = 0.022). These risk factors were similarly identified for late mortality, along with an MDR phenotype (aOR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.04 to 4.58; P = 0.040). Moreover, the O11 serotype (15.2%, 37/243) was common among MDR (78.4%, 29/37) and exoU-positive (89.2%, 33/37) strains. Besides relevant clinical variables and inadequate empirical therapy, pathogen-related factors such as an MDR phenotype, an exoU-positive genotype, and the O11 serotype adversely affect the outcome of P. aeruginosa BSI.

scholarly journals Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in Saudi Arabia: A review of antimicrobial resistance and molecular epidemiology

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 447-453
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alqasim
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Molecular Epidemiology ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli

Extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is commonly associated with causing urinary tract and bloodstream infections. Over the past two decades, the antimicrobial resistance of ExPEC has increasingly been reported [1]. Given that Saudi Arabia annually hosts mass religious events, such as Hajj, this review investigated several aspects of antimicrobial resistance of ExPEC in this country including the current prevalence of resistance and molecular epidemiology of ExPEC isolates. Generally, the overall prevalence of antibiotic resistance of ExPEC in Saudi Arabia is on increase. The current emergence of colistin resistance in ExPEC represents a major challenge to public health. Local molecular epidemiological studies have shown the dominance of E. coli sequence type 131 (E. coli ST131) over other major ExPEC STs. This is an important observation given that this clone has been associated with high multidrug resistance and extended-spectrum β-lactamases carriage. To reduce the burden of this resistance in the future, it would be crucial to avoid uncontrolled use of antibiotics in either clinical settings or animal food industry. Keywords: Extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli, Antimicrobial resistance, ST131, Saudi Arabia, Colistin resistance, Extended-spectrum β-lactamases

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