Treatment efficacy for pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 3109-3119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabian Y S Kong ◽  
Christina L Hatzis ◽  
Andrew Lau ◽  
Deborah A Williamson ◽  
Eric P F Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Sample Sizes ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Effective Treatments

Abstract Background Rising gonorrhoea rates require highly effective treatments to reduce transmission and prevent development of antimicrobial resistance. Currently the most effective treatments for pharyngeal gonorrhoea remain unclear. This review aimed to estimate treatment efficacy for pharyngeal gonorrhoea. Methods Online bibliographic databases were searched for the period 1 January 2000 to 17 September 2019 for treatments of gonorrhoea. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with data on pharyngeal gonorrhoea among participants aged 15 years or above, published in English, were included. Meta-analyses (random effects) were used to estimate the treatment efficacy, defined as microbiological cure, among currently recommended monotherapies and dual therapies, previously recommended but no longer used regimens and emerging drugs under evaluation. Side effects were also summarized. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020149278). Results There were nine studies that included 452 participants studying 19 treatment regimens. The overall treatment efficacy for pharyngeal gonorrhoea was 98.1% (95% CI: 93.8%–100%; I2 = 57.3%; P < 0.01). Efficacy was similar for single (97.1%; 95% CI: 90.8%–100.0%; I2 = 15.6%; P = 0.29) and dual therapies (98.0%; 95% CI: 91.4%–100%; I2 = 79.1%; P < 0.01). Regimens containing azithromycin 2 g or ceftriaxone were similarly efficacious. The summary efficacy estimate for emerging drugs was 88.8% (95% CI: 76.9%–97.5%; I2 = 11.2%; P = 0.34). Small sample sizes in each trial was a major limitation. Conclusions Regimens containing ceftriaxone or azithromycin 2 g, alone or as part of dual therapies are the most efficacious for pharyngeal gonorrhoea. Further pharyngeal-specific RCTs with adequate sample sizes are needed.

The treatment efficacy of galcanezumab for migraine: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 105428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouming Ren ◽  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Ren Wang ◽  
Qionghui Yuan ◽  
Libing Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Treatment Efficacy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Acupuncture for tinnitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

2020 ◽  
pp. 096452842093838 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaiyu Huang ◽  
Shuang Liang ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Antoine Grellet
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy/effectiveness of acupuncture for the treatment of tinnitus. Methods: Four English and four Chinese databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for tinnitus published before 30 September 2018. RCTs applying acupuncture alone compared with conventional treatments, sham acupuncture, or no treatment, as well as acupuncture plus conventional treatments compared with conventional treatments alone, were included. The primary outcome was the visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes included tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) and tinnitus severity index (TSI) scores. Meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan V5.3 software. The protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (ref. CRD42018108692). Results: Eight studies involving 504 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed no significant differences in the VAS score (mean difference (MD) = −1.81, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −3.69 to 0.07; p = 0.06) between the acupuncture and control groups. However, favorable effects of acupuncture on changes in THI score (MD = −10.11, 95% CI = −12.74 to −7.48; p < 0.001) and TSI score (MD = −8.36, 95% CI = −8.87 to −7.86; p < 0.001) were found. Conclusion: Acupuncture had no significant effect on the primary outcome of VAS score compared with control treatment; however, positive effects on secondary outcomes (THI and TSI score) were observed in acupuncture versus control groups. Due to the low quality and small sample size of the included trials, the level of evidence was insufficient to draw any definitive conclusions. Further rigorous and high-quality studies with larger sample sizes should be conducted to confirm the efficacy/effectiveness of acupuncture for tinnitus.

scholarly journals Lower Pill Burden and Once-Daily Antiretroviral Treatment Regimens for HIV Infection: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1297-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean B. Nachega ◽  
Jean-Jacques Parienti ◽  
Olalekan A. Uthman ◽  
Robert Gross ◽  
David W. Dowdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Pill Burden ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Efficacy of frontline treatment regimens in follicular lymphoma: A network meta-analysis of phase III randomized controlled trials.

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 7556-7556
Author(s):  
Yucai Wang ◽  
Shouhao Zhou ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Grzegorz S. Nowakowski ◽  
Thomas Matthew Habermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Follicular Lymphoma ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Frontline Treatment

7556 Background: The frontline treatment for advanced follicular lymphoma has evolved with the introduction of maintenance therapy, bendamustine (Benda), obinutuzumab (G), and lenalidomide (Len). We conducted a network meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to identify the regimens with superior efficacy. Methods: Data were extracted from 7 RCTs (FOLL05, StiL NHL1, BRIGHT, PRIMA, GALLIUM, StiL NHL7, and RELEVANCE). Progression-free survival (PFS) was compared between 11 regimens with different immunochemotherapy and maintenance strategies. To incorporate direct and indirect comparisons, random-effects Bayesian network meta-analyses were conducted after adjusting for study-wise variation. The posterior inference was derived based on Markov chain Monte Carlo methods and implemented using JAGS v4.3.0. Pairwise comparison of hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% credible intervals (CIs) were calculated. Results: PFS HRs of other regimens compared to the reference regimen are summarized in the Table. Compared to Rituximab(R)-Benda, R-CHOP had inferior PFS, R-CHOP-R, G-CHOP-G, and R-Len-R had similar PFS, while R-Benda-R, R-Benda-R4 and G-Benda-G had better PFS. Compared to R-CHOP-R, G-CHOP-G and R-Len-R had similar PFS, while R-Benda-R, R-Benda-R4 and G-Benda-G had better PFS. In addition, the PFS for G-Benda-G was similar to R-Benda-R4 (HR 0.94, 95% CI 0.78-1.09) but better than R-Benda-R (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.75-0.97). Conclusions: Compared with the commonly used R-Benda and R-CHOP-R regimens, G-CHOP-G, R-Benda-R and R-Benda-R4 had better PFS, while the chemotherapy-free regimen R-Len-R had similar PFS. [Table: see text]

scholarly journals Nasogastric Nutrition versus Nasojejunal Nutrition in Patients with Severe Acute Pancreatitis: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youfeng Zhu ◽  
Haiyan Yin ◽  
Rui Zhang ◽  
Xiaoling Ye ◽  
Jianrui Wei
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Severe Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Introduction.Previous studies have shown that the nasogastric (NG) route seems equivalent to the nasojejunal (NJ) route in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). However, these studies used a small sample size and old criteria for diagnosing SAP, which may include some patients with moderate SAP, according to the newly established SAP criteria (Atlanta 2012 classification). Based on the changes in the criteria for classifying SAP, we performed an up-to-date meta-analysis.Method.We reviewed the PubMed, EMbase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials electronic databases. We included randomized controlled trials comparing NG and NJ nutrition in patients with SAP. We performed the meta-analysis using the Cochrane Collaborations’ RevMan 5.3 software.Results.We included four randomized controlled trials involving 237 patients with SAP. There were no significant differences in the incidence of mortality, infectious complications, digestive complications, achievement of energy balance, or length of hospital stay between the NG and NJ nutrition groups.Conclusions.NG nutrition was as safe and effective as NJ nutrition in patients with SAP. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Shashen Maidong Decoction in the Treatment of Pediatric Mycoplasma Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Shizhang Wei ◽  
Tao Yang ◽  
Yuling Tong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lymphocyte Subpopulation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumonia ◽  
Factor Α

Objective: This study was intended to provide data to support the effect of Shashen Maidong Decoction in improving mycoplasma pneumonia in pediatric patients through systematic evaluation.Methods: PubMed, the Web of Science, EMbase, CNKI, CQVIP, Wan-Fang, and CBM databases were comprehensively searched from established in June 2021. Randomized controlled trials of TRQI were selected by screening the literature and extracting information. The Cochrane RCT Evaluation Manual was used to evaluate the methodological quality of all included studies, and Meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 and Review Manager 5.4 software.Results: A total of 1,127 patients from 12 clinical studies met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis results showed that the treatment group of Shashen Maidong Decoction was able to significantly increase the overall efficiency level and significantly reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, time for disappearance of cough, time for relief of cough, time for defervescence, time for disappearance of lung rales, time for return to normal of chest X-ray, T lymphocyte subpopulation (CD3+) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and other index levels (p &lt; 0.05).Conclusion: Shashen Maidong Decoction has a significant improvement in the levels of relevant indexes in pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia, which provides a basis for the safety and efficacy of pediatric mycoplasma pneumonia. However, due to the small sample size included in the study, the study quality was not high, and more randomized controlled trials of high quality are required for further validation.

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