Trends in antimicrobial resistance among Escherichia coli from defined infections in humans and animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 1525-1529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémence Bourély ◽  
Thomas Coeffic ◽  
Jocelyne Caillon ◽  
Sonia Thibaut ◽  
Géraldine Cazeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Generalized Additive Models ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Additive Models ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Abstract Objectives To characterize and compare resistance trends in clinical Escherichia coli isolates from humans, food-producing animals (poultry, cattle and swine) and pets (dogs and cats). Methods Antibiogram results collected between January 2014 and December 2017 by MedQual [the French surveillance network for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria isolated from the community] and RESAPATH (the French surveillance network for AMR in bacteria from diseased animals) were analysed, focusing on resistance to antibiotics of common interest to human and veterinary medicine. Resistance dynamics were investigated using generalized additive models. Results In total, 743 637 antibiograms from humans, 48 170 from food-producing animals and 7750 from pets were analysed. For each antibiotic investigated, the resistance proportions of isolates collected from humans were of the same order of magnitude as those from food-producing animals or pets. However, resistance trends in humans differed from those observed in pets and food-producing animals over the period studied. For example, resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones was almost always below 10% for both humans and animals. However, in contrast to the notable decreases in resistance observed in both food-producing animals and pets, resistance in humans decreased only slightly. Conclusions Despite several potential biases in the data, the resistance trends remain meaningful. The strength of the parallel is based on similar data collection in humans and animals and on a similar statistical methodology. Resistance dynamics seemed specific to each species, reflecting different antibiotic-use practices. These results advocate applying the efforts already being made to reduce antibiotic use to all sectors and all species, both in human and veterinary medicine.

scholarly journals Monitoring antimicrobial resistance trends in commensal Escherichia coli from livestock, the Netherlands, 1998 to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayla Hesp ◽  
Kees Veldman ◽  
Jeanet van der Goot ◽  
Dik Mevius ◽  
Gerdien van Schaik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Resistant Isolate ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Veal Calves ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data

Background Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in animals is essential for public health surveillance. To enhance interpretation of monitoring data, evaluation and optimisation of AMR trend analysis is needed. Aims To quantify and evaluate trends in AMR in commensal Escherichia coli, using data from the Dutch national AMR monitoring programme in livestock (1998–2016). Methods Faecal samples were collected at slaughter from broilers, pigs and veal calves. Minimum inhibitory concentration values were obtained by broth microdilution for E. coli for 15 antimicrobials of eight antimicrobial classes. A Poisson regression model was applied to resistant isolate counts, with explanatory variables representing time before and after 2009 (reference year); for veal calves, sampling changed from 2012 represented by an extra explanatory variable. Results Resistant counts increased significantly from 1998-2009 in broilers and pigs, except for tetracyclines and sulfamethoxazole in broilers and chloramphenicol and aminoglycosides in pigs. Since 2009, resistant counts decreased for all antimicrobials in broilers and for all but the phenicols in pigs. In veal calves, for most antimicrobials no significant decrease in resistant counts could be determined for 2009–16, except for sulfamethoxazole and nalidixic acid. Within animal species, antimicrobial-specific trends were similar. Conclusions Using Dutch monitoring data from 1998-2016, this study quantified AMR trends in broilers and slaughter pigs and showed significant trend changes in the reference year 2009. We showed that monitoring in commensal E. coli is useful to quantify trends and detect trend changes in AMR. This model is applicable to similar data from other European countries.

scholarly journals Building the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet)

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe Mader ◽  
Peter Damborg ◽  
Jean-Philippe Amat ◽  
Björn Bengtsson ◽  
Clémence Bourély ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
One Health ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
European Economic Area ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) should be tackled through a One Health approach, as stated in the World Health Organization Global Action Plan on AMR. We describe the landscape of AMR surveillance in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and underline a gap regarding veterinary medicine. Current AMR surveillance efforts are of limited help to veterinary practitioners and policymakers seeking to improve antimicrobial stewardship in animal health. We propose to establish the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) to report on the AMR situation, follow AMR trends and detect emerging AMR in selected bacterial pathogens of animals. This information could be useful to advise policymakers, explore efficacy of interventions, support antimicrobial stewardship initiatives, (re-)evaluate marketing authorisations of antimicrobials, generate epidemiological cut-off values, assess risk of zoonotic AMR transmission and evaluate the burden of AMR in animal health. EARS-Vet could be integrated with other AMR monitoring systems in the animal and medical sectors to ensure a One Health approach. Herein, we present a strategy to establish EARS-Vet as a network of national surveillance systems and highlight challenges of data harmonisation and bias. Strong political commitment at national and EU/EEA levels is required for the success of EARS-Vet.

scholarly journals The Enter-net international surveillance network – how it works

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. S.T. Fisher ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Gastrointestinal Infections ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
International Network

Enter-net is an international network for the surveillance of human gastrointestinal infections, which monitors salmonellosis and Vero cytotoxin producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) O157, including their antimicrobial resistance. When the network began it in

scholarly journals In VitroAntimicrobial Resistance of Urinary Escherichia coli Isolates among U.S. Outpatients from 2000 to 2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 2181-2183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo V. Sanchez ◽  
Ronald N. Master ◽  
James A. Karlowsky ◽  
Jose M. Bordon
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Minimal Change ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Content Type ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Data

ABSTRACTThis study examinesin vitroantimicrobial resistance data fromEscherichia coliisolates obtained from urine samples of U.S. outpatients between 2000 and 2010 using The Surveillance Network (TSN). Antimicrobial susceptibility results (n= 12,253,679) showed the greatest increases inE. coliresistance from 2000 to 2010 for ciprofloxacin (3% to 17.1%) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) (17.9% to 24.2%), whereas nitrofurantoin (0.8% to 1.6%) and ceftriaxone (0.2% to 2.3%) showed minimal change. From 2000 to 2010, the antimicrobial resistance of urinaryE. coliisolates to ciprofloxacin and TMP-SMX among outpatients increased substantially.

Impact of European pet antibiotic use on enterococci and staphylococci antimicrobial resistance and human health

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-201
Author(s):  
Carla Miranda ◽  
Vanessa Silva ◽  
Gilberto Igrejas ◽  
Patrícia Poeta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Family Member ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Urban Households ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
European Distribution

Due to the inappropriate use of antibiotics described in both human and veterinary medicine, there is emerging evidence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms isolated from humans and pets, forming a multifaceted problem. Although the true magnitude of antimicrobial resistance in pets and other animals, as well as humans, are not fully known; pets, in particular dogs and cats, can contribute to the spread of antimicrobial resistance due to close contact with humans and their status as a family member in urban households. This review summarizes and highlights the current data concerning the antibiotic use on pets, and the European distribution of the increasing prevalence of multiresistant bacterial pathogens, such as enterococci and methicillin-resistant staphylococci on pets, as well as its implications for public health.

scholarly journals Defining the scope of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet): a bottom-up and One Health approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolphe Mader ◽  
Clémence Bourély ◽  
Jean-Philippe Amat ◽  
Els M. Broens ◽  
Luca Busani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis

AbstractBackgroundBuilding the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance network in Veterinary medicine (EARS-Vet) was proposed to strengthen the European One Health antimicrobial resistance (AMR) surveillance approach.ObjectivesThe objectives were to (i) define the combinations of animal species, production types, age categories, bacterial species, specimens and antimicrobials to be monitored in EARS-Vet and to (ii) determine antimicrobial test panels able to cover most combinations.MethodsThe EARS-Vet scope was defined by consensus between 26 European experts. Decisions were guided by a survey of the combinations that are relevant and feasible to monitor in diseased animals in 13 European countries (bottom-up approach). Experts also considered the One Health approach and the need for EARS-Vet to complement existing European AMR monitoring systems coordinated by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA).ResultsEARS-Vet would monitor AMR in six animal species (cattle, swine, chicken (broiler and laying hen), turkey, cat and dog), for 11 bacterial species (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mannheimia haemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus hyicus, Streptococcus uberis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae and Streptococcus suis). Relevant antimicrobials for their treatment were selected (e.g. tetracyclines) and complemented with antimicrobials of more specific public health interest (e.g. carbapenems). Three test panels of antimicrobials were proposed covering most EARS-Vet combinations of relevance for veterinary antimicrobial stewardship.ConclusionsWith this scope, EARS-Vet would enable to better address animal health in the strategy to mitigate AMR and better understand the multi-sectoral AMR epidemiology in Europe.

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