scholarly journals In vitro activities of parenteral beta-lactam antimicrobials against TEM-10-, TEM-26- and SHV-5-derived extended-spectrum beta-lactamases expressed in an isogenic Escherichia coli host

2000 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Rebuck
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases

scholarly journals Prevalence Of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs)-Producing Escherichia Coli Isolated From UTI Patients Attending some Selected Hospitals In Minna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-73
Author(s):  
F Iseghohi ◽  
J.C Igwe ◽  
M Galadima ◽  
A.F Kuta ◽  
A.M Abdullahi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Antibiotics Resistance ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Tract Infections

Globally, urinary tract infections are one of the most common infections in need of urgent clinical attention. The prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)- producing Escherichia coli isolated from urine samples of some UTI patients and s of apparently healthy individuals in Minna, Nigeria, is investigated. Standard microbiological techniques were used to conduct this study. A total of 170 catch midstream urine samples submitted to the Medical Microbiology Laboratories of 4 different hospitals (and samples from healthy individuals) were randomly collected for 5 months and examined for microbial growths. Female patients (65.9%) submitted more urine samples for UTI test than their male counterpart (34.1%). The age ranges of 21 -30 (26.5%) and 31 - 40 (25.3%) had the highest percentages of infection rate while those within the ages 1- 10 (3.5%) and ≥ 71 (2.3%) were the least infected. This study observed a prevalence of 23.5% of E. coli in Minna metropolis and a significant number (30%) of healthy individuals (HI) was observed to harbor the E. coli in their urine. The isolates were highly susceptible to Gentamicin (65%), Ofloxacin (65%), Tetracycline (62.5%), Cotrimoxazole (62.5%), and Streptomycin (57.5%). Mildly susceptible to Pefloxacin (37.5%), Chloramphenicol (37.5%), and Ciprofloxacin (35%). There were significant resistance to most of the beta-lactames tested [Cefuroxime (80%), Amoxicillin (42.5%), Augmentin (40), Cefotaxime (20%) and Ceftaxidime (7.5%)]. Two of the isolates were resistant to all the 13 antibiotics tested; 70% (28) of the isolates had multiple antibiotics resistance index (MARI) ≥0.3. Multidrug resistance was expressed in 37.5% of the isolates tested. The study showed a vast resistant pool in the environment. Only 25% of the E. coli isolated from the urine samples produced beta-lactamases phenotypically, most of which expressed resistance to more than 5 of the antibiotics tested and had MARI of ≥ 0.5. Further evaluation showed that 25% (10/40) of the E. coli isolated from the UTI patients in Minna, Nigeria, were ESBL- producers and could harbor one or two of the genes. TEM gene was expressed in 70% (7) of the isolates that produced ESBL phenotypically, 60% 6) harbored CTXM gene, 20% (2) had the OXA gene while none of the bacteria harbored the SHV gene. The study established a 5.9% ESBL prevalence among the E. coli isolated from UTI in the environment studied. This study established that E. coli is one of the prevalent bacteri urea majorly isolated from UTI patients in Minna. The prevalent E. coli are multidrug resistant and could harbor more than one ESBL gene . keywords: Escherichia coli, Minna, UTI, ESBL, Multidrug resistance

scholarly journals Genetic characterization of clinical Klebsiella isolates circulating in Novosibirsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 234-245
Author(s):  
A. V. Bardasheva ◽  
N. V. Fomenko ◽  
T. V. Kalymbetova ◽  
I. V. Babkin ◽  
S. O. Chretien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beta Lactam ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance ◽  
Beta Lactamases ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Molecular Serotyping ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamases ◽  
Aminoglycoside Resistance Genes

72 clinical strains of Klebsiella spp. isolated from samples obtained from humans in Novosibirsk, Russia, were analyzed. Species identification of strains was performed using 16S rRNA and rpoB gene sequences. It was revealed that Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were dominant in the population (57 strains), while the remaining 15 strains were K. grimontii, K. aerogenes, K. oxytoca and K. quasipneumoniae. By molecular serotyping using the wzi gene sequence, K. pneumoniae strains were assigned to twenty-one K-serotypes with a high proportion of virulent K1- and K2-serotypes. It was found that K. pneumoniae strains isolated from the hospitalized patients had a higher resistance to antibiotics compared to the other Klebsiella species. Real-time PCR revealed that the population contained genes of the blaSHV, blaTEM, blaCTX families and the blaOXA-48 gene, which are the genetic determinants of beta-lactam resistance. It has been shown that the presence of the blaCTX sequence correlated with the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, and phenotypic resistance to car-bapenems is due to the presence of the blaOXA-48 gene. At the same time, the carbapenemase genes vim, ndm, kpc, imp were not detected. Among the aminoglycoside resistance genes studied, the aph(6)-Id and aadA genes were found, but their presence did not always coincide with phenotypic resistance. Resistance to fluoroquinolones in the vast majority of strains was accompanied by the presence of the aac(6’)-IB-cr, oqxA, oqxB, qnrB, and qnrS genes in various combinations, while the presence of the oqxA and/or oqxB genes alone did not correlate with resistance to fluoroquinolones. Thus, the detection of blaCTX and blaOXA-48 can be used to quickly predict the production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and to determine the resistance of Klebsiella to carbapenems. The detection of the aac(6’)-Ib-cr and/or qnrB/qnrS genes can be used to quickly determine resistance to fluoroquinolones.

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