scholarly journals Phylogeny, Evolution, and Biogeography of the North American Trapdoor Spider Family Euctenizidae (Araneae: Mygalomorphae) and the Discovery of a New ‘Endangered Living Fossil’ Along California’s Central Coast

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason E Bond ◽  
Chris A Hamilton ◽  
Rebecca L Godwin ◽  
Joel M Ledford ◽  
James Starrett
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Relict Species ◽  
Living Fossil ◽  
The North ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Anchored Hybrid Enrichment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conservation Concern

Abstract We report here the discovery of a remarkable new monotypic mygalomorph spider genus, known only from one geographical location along the central coast of California. The single relict species comprising Cryptocteniza kawtakn. gen. n. sp., is morphologically distinct and geographically isolated from other related genera, with its closest phylogenetic relatives found much further to the east in New Mexico and Arizona. Using a phylogenomic approach employing anchored hybrid enrichment, we reconstruct the evolutionary history of the family Euctenizidae Raven, 1985 to explore relationships among genera, affirmatively place previously undescribed taxa, explore rates of diversification, and reconstruct the group’s biogeography. A biogeographic analysis shows that extinction likely played a significant role in shaping the observed disjunct modern-day distribution of Cryptocteniza and its sister taxa. Our extinction hypothesis is further bolstered by a diversification rate analysis identifying considerably higher rates of speciation in other euctenizid lineages like AptostichusSimon, 1891. Consequently, changes in environmental conditions (or other related biotic and/or abiotic factors) may have spurred an adaptive radiation in related genera now widely distributed across the California Floristic Province biodiversity hotspot, with concomitant extinction in Cryptocteniza following the Miocene and establishment of a Mediterranean climate. Owing to its phylogenetic distinctiveness, incredibly narrow distribution and age, we show that Cryptocteniza meets all the criteria of an ‘Endangered Living Fossil’ and is consequently of grave conservation concern.

CERAMIC HISTORY, CERAMIC CHANGE, AND ARCHITECTURAL SEQUENCE AT ACANMUL, CAMPECHE: A LOCAL CHRONICLE AND ITS REGIONAL IMPLICATIONS

2015 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph W. Ball ◽  
Jennifer T. Taschek
Keyword(s):  
Architectural History ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
State University ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
New Information ◽  
History Of ◽  
San Diego State University ◽  
The City

AbstractAcanmul is a medium-size center located at the north end of the Bay of Campeche about 25 km northeast of the city of Campeche. Between 1999 and 2005, three independent sets of investigations and major architectural consolidation were carried out at the center by archaeologists from the Universidad Autónoma de Campeche (UAC), the Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia (INAH), Centro Regional de Campeche, and UAC in collaboration with San Diego State University. These efforts produced a wealth of new information on the archaeology of the central Campeche coast, including new insights into the emergence and evolution of the northern slateware tradition and the architectural history of the central coast from Preclassic through Postclassic times. New data concerning changing relationships through time of the central coast Maya to both the interior central and southern lowlands and to the northern plains also were documented, as was the mid ninth century sacking of the center. This article synthesizes the findings of the three separate institutional efforts at Acanmul and offers a number of new cultural historical scenarios and hypotheses based on them.

Cox, an Archaic Site in the Ozarks

1954 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Marvin E. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Great Plains ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
Melting Pot ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many ◽  
The University

Proposed Construction of Table Rock Dam and Reservoir on White River in southwestern Missouri threatens with destruction a vast region of unique and important archaeological remains in the rugged Ozarks region. Every indication of prehistoric life both within the actual reservoir area and its perimeter is of extreme importance in reconstructing human activities of the region in ages past. Because of its geographical location, the Ozarks region is most promising from an archaeological standpoint. Bounded on the east by the Mississippi River, on the north by the Missouri River, and on the west by the Great Plains, the Ozarks were probably in prehistoric times a melting pot for a great many cultural traditions. The Ozark Bluff Dweller culture, with its apparent early agriculture, is only one of the many problems that need a great amount of additional work within this area. Recent investigations by the University of Missouri indicate that the history of man within the Ozarks may very well go back to a time comparable with some of the earliest occupations of the Great Plains.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic Analysis of the North American Beetle GenusTrichiotinus(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Trichiinae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
T. Keith Philips ◽  
Mark Callahan ◽  
Jesús Orozco ◽  
Naomi Rowland
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Morphological Character ◽  
The Other ◽  
The North ◽  
Species Of Conservation Concern ◽  
History Of ◽  
Conservation Concern ◽  
East West

A hypothesized evolutionary history of the North American endemic trichiine scarab genusTrichiotinusis presented including all eight species and three outgroup taxa. Data from nineteen morphological traits and CO1 and 28S gene sequences were used to construct phylogenies using both parsimony and Bayesian algorithms. All results show thatTrichiotinusis monophyletic. The best supported topology shows that the basal speciesT. lunulatusis sister to the remaining taxa that form two clades, with four and three species each. The distribution of one lineage is relatively northern while the other is generally more southern. The ancestralTrichiotinuslineage arose from 23.8–14.9 mya, and east-west geographic partitioning of ancestral populations likely resulted in cladogenesis and new species creation, beginning as early as 10.6–6.2 mya and as recently as 1.2–0.7 mya. Morphological character evolution is also briefly discussed. The limited distribution ofT. rufobrunneusin Florida andT. viridansin the Midwest mainly due to urban development and widespread agriculture makes these two species of conservation concern.

scholarly journals Historical Considerations Of Rural Areas Of The Ancient Kesh Oasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (09) ◽  
pp. 509-515
Author(s):  
Orifhuja Odilovich Muminov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

Kesh (Arabic, in its sources Kashsh, Kass, Kise) is a historical city and region. It occupies the north-eastern part of the present-day Kashkadarya region of Uzbekistan. Initially, it was located on the site of Kitab district, then in the 9th-10th centuries it moved to Shakhrisabz. Extensive research has been conducted in the Kesh oasis over the years, which has provided valuable information on the ancient and medieval history of the oasis. Important information about the ancient and medieval history of the oasis is given in the sources. These sources provide detailed information on the geographical location of the Kesh oasis, the lifestyle of the population of the oasis, the socio-economic life of the oasis, the structure of the city of Kesh. Historians such as Ibn Hawqal and Al-Muqaddas have provided such valuable information in their works. From the 20th century, archeological excavations began in the oasis. Preliminary research was conducted by orientalists in the oasis. In the oasis V.V.Bartold, V.A.Vyatkin, B.Denike conducted scientific research. In 1926, A.Yu.Yakubovsky was sent to Shakhrisabz to study historical topography. In the 1930s, the monuments of Shakhrisabz were studied by Y.G.Gulomov, T.M.Mirgiyosov, S.K.Kabanov, S.A.Sudakov and the artist N.S.Lojkin. Archaeological excavations in the oasis were also carried out by M.E. Masson in the 1940s. Archaeological excavations were carried out by S.K.Kabanov in 1946-1950. In 1955, V.D.Zhukov conducted excavations at the site of Kindiklitepa. The research conducted by N.I.Krasheninnikova in 1970-1980 is also important. Similar expeditions were carried out in later periods. Among them are R.H.Suleymanov, E.V.Rtveladze and A.S.Sagdullaev. The archeological researches and scientific researches of these scientists are served as an important basis in determining the age of the cities of the eastern (Kesh) and western (Karshi) oasis of Kashkadarya and their place in the urban culture of Central Asia.

Ras al Khaimah: further archaeological discoveries

Antiquity ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (200) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Cardi
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
The State ◽  
Focused Attention ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
The City

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.

Sequencing Analysis and Phylogenetic Tree of HPV Isolated from Breast Cancer Patients at Thi-Qar Province/Iraq

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-40
Keyword(s):  
Nucleotide Sequence ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Evolutionary Relationship ◽  
Nucleotide Sequencing ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
The North ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin ◽  
Formalin Fixed Paraffin Embedded ◽  
History Of

Genetic variety examination has demonstrated fundamental to the understanding of the epidemiological and developmental history of Papillomavirus (HPV), for the development of accurate diagnostic tests and for efficient vaccine design. The HPV nucleotide diversity has been investigated widely among high-risk HPV types. To make the nucleotide sequence of HPV and do the virus database in Thi-Qar province, and compare sequences of our isolates with previously described isolates from around the world and then draw its phylogenetic tree, this study done. A total of 6 breast formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) of the female patients were included in the study, divided as 4 FFPE malignant tumor and 2 FFPE of benign tumor. The PCR technique was implemented to detect the presence of HPV in breast tissue, and the real-time PCR used to determinant HPV genotypes, then determined a complete nucleotide sequence of HPV of L1 capsid gene, and draw its phylogenetic tree. The nucleotide sequencing finding detects a number of substitution mutation (SNPs) in (L1) gene, which have not been designated before, were identified once in this study population, and revealed that the HPV16 strains have the evolutionary relationship with the South African race, while, the HPV33 and HPV6 showing the evolutionary association with the North American and East Asian race, respectively.

North American Association for the Study of Religion (NAASR)

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-30
Author(s):  
Matt Sheedy
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
American Association ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of

I interviewed Russell McCutcheon back in March 2015, about his new role as president of the North American Association for the Study of Religion (NAASR), asking him about the history of the organization, goals for his tenure, and developments for NAASR’s upcoming conference in Atlanta in November 2015.

Parafia unicka w Rachaniach do 1811 roku/ The Uniate Parish in Rachanie until 1811

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Adam Frykowski
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Holy Communion ◽  
The Hierarchical Structure ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Church ◽  
Ancillary Equipment

AbstractThe following paper depicts the history of Saint Simeon Stylites Uniate Parish in Rachanie since it became known in historical sources until 1811- that is the time it ceased to be an independent church unit. The introduction of the article contains the geographical location of the parish, its size and the position within the hierarchical structure of the Church. Having analysed post-visit inspection protocols left by Chelm Bishops, the appearance as well as fittings and ancillary equipment of the church in Rachanie in that particular period are reported. Moreover, the list of 4 local clergymen is recreated and their benefice is determined. As far as possible, both the number of worshipers and the number of Holy Communion receivers is determined.

USTURSHANA IN EASTERN SOURCES

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
Ziyodulla Xolboev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Location ◽  
Medieval History ◽  
History Of

This article contains description of works which give information about the ancient and medieval history of Usturshana such as Chinese chronicles , Soghd documents from the Mugh hill and also Arabian historian-geographers' works. It provides valuable information on the historical geographical location of Usturshana and traditions of the population , the struggle for Arab invasion and the genealogy of Afshins

Vegetation structure of tundra and taiga on the map of the natural vegetation of Europe

2007 ◽  
pp. 13-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Yurkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Space Structure ◽  
Middle Taiga ◽  
Russian Plain ◽  
Forest Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
Tundra Vegetation ◽  
Starting Point

I have focused only on some features of structure in the taiga vegetation cover. In conclusion I would like to tell some words about the causes of complicated space structure of the taiga and tundra vegetation cover. The causes of latitudinal differentiation are climatic undoubtedly, but heterogeneity of vegetation cover within the limits of tundra and taiga subzones is accounted for different factors. In tundra abiogenic factors prevail, first of all the permafrost processes. That is the reason why tundra vegetation cover is so sensible to any disturbances and so hard regenerates after various transformations. In taiga the space structure is mostly the result of self-regulation and self- restoration of biota. The abiotic factors, certainly, play significant role, but they recede to the second plan. So we showed that in the north and middle taiga the structure of vegetation cover, during the Holocene up to present time, is determined in many respects by the increasing role of mires. Suffice it to look at the map of distribution of mires in order to estimate their role in vegetation cover of the easteuropean taiga (Yurkovskaya, 1980). So, the increase of mire area on the Russian Plain in m2/year per 1000 ha varies between 200 and 700, the average increas is ca 300—400 m2/year (Elina et all., 2000). The mires favour peniplenization and unite the separate areas of forest communities into the whole by means of forming the buffer paludificated territories (various hydrophilous variants of forest communities). But if mires, at all their stability, after destroying practically don't restore, the forests even after continuous cuttings restore their structure and composition through the series of successional stages unless an ecotope is damaged completely. Hence the space structure of taiga is the result, first of all, self development and self regulation of its vegetation cover. But, as it is known, at present time the process of destruction of natural biota has gone too far that the question arises not only about supporting its state and structure but also about the survival of the mankind itself. In this regard the vegetation map of Europe is the invaluable basis, which gives the starting point for all conservational, ecological and economical measures. But it is important to learn reading and using the map. And this is one of our actual goals.

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