scholarly journals Declining Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Antiretroviral Treatment-exposed Individuals in Western Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 207 (8) ◽  
pp. 1216-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. De Luca ◽  
D. Dunn ◽  
M. Zazzi ◽  
R. Camacho ◽  
C. Torti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hiv 1

Geographic and Temporal Trends of Transmitted HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Antiretroviral-Naïve Subjects Screening for Two Clinical Trials in North America and Western Europe

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibtain Rahim ◽  
Linda M. Fredrick ◽  
Barbara A. da Silva ◽  
Barry Bernstein ◽  
Martin S. King
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
North America ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Incidence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance Among Antiretroviral Treatment–Naive Individuals Starting Modern Therapy Combinations

2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor von Wyl ◽  
Sabine Yerly ◽  
Jürg Böni ◽  
Cyril Shah ◽  
Cristina Cellerai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Treatment Naïve ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Low-Frequency Drug Resistance in HIV-Infected Ugandans on Antiretroviral Treatment Is Associated with Regimen Failure

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 3380-3397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fred Kyeyune ◽  
Richard M. Gibson ◽  
Immaculate Nankya ◽  
Colin Venner ◽  
Samar Metha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Treatment Failure ◽  
Sanger Sequencing ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Viral Quasispecies ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Drug Resistance Mutations ◽  
Hiv 1

Most patients failing antiretroviral treatment in Uganda continue to fail their treatment regimen even if a dominant drug-resistant HIV-1 genotype is not detected. In a recent retrospective study, we observed that approximately 30% of HIV-infected individuals in the Joint Clinical Research Centre (Kampala, Uganda) experienced virologic failure with a susceptible HIV-1 genotype based on standard Sanger sequencing. Selection of minority drug-resistant HIV-1 variants (not detectable by Sanger sequencing) under antiretroviral therapy pressure can lead to a shift in the viral quasispecies distribution, becoming dominant members of the virus population and eventually causing treatment failure. Here, we used a novel HIV-1 genotyping assay based on deep sequencing (DeepGen) to quantify low-level drug-resistant HIV-1 variants in 33 patients failing a first-line antiretroviral treatment regimen in the absence of drug-resistant mutations, as screened by standard population-based Sanger sequencing. Using this sensitive assay, we observed that 64% (21/33) of these individuals had low-frequency (or minority) drug-resistant variants in the intrapatient HIV-1 population, which correlated with treatment failure. Moreover, the presence of these minority HIV-1 variants was associated with higher intrapatient HIV-1 diversity, suggesting a dynamic selection or fading of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants from the viral quasispecies in the presence or absence of drug pressure, respectively. This study identified low-frequency HIV drug resistance mutations by deep sequencing in Ugandan patients failing antiretroviral treatment but lacking dominant drug resistance mutations as determined by Sanger sequencing methods. We showed that these low-abundance drug-resistant viruses could have significant consequences for clinical outcomes, especially if treatment is not modified based on a susceptible HIV-1 genotype by Sanger sequencing. Therefore, we propose to make clinical decisions using more sensitive methods to detect minority HIV-1 variants.

scholarly journals Global HIV-1 transmitted drug resistance in the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial

HIV Medicine ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 77-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
JD Baxter ◽  
D Dunn ◽  
E White ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
AM Geretti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Transmitted Drug Resistance ◽  
Treatment Start ◽  
Start Trial ◽  
Hiv 1

Emergence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance During Antiretroviral Treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 2027-2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Libin Rong ◽  
Zhilan Feng ◽  
Alan S. Perelson
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Hiv 1
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