scholarly journals (R)-Ketamine Rapidly Ameliorates the Decreased Spine Density in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus of Susceptible Mice After Chronic Social Defeat Stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 675-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiancheng Zhang ◽  
Youge Qu ◽  
Lijia Chang ◽  
Yaoyu Pu ◽  
Kenji Hashimoto
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Dendritic Spine Density ◽  
Antidepressant Effects ◽  
Chronic Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Medial Pfc

Abstract Background A recent study demonstrated that spine formation rates by ketamine in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were not altered at 3–6 h following a single injection, but were markedly altered at 12–24 h. Here, we investigated the acute (3 h post-treatment) effects of (R)-ketamine in the decreased spine density in the medial PFC (mPFC) and hippocampus in susceptible mice after chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). Methods (R)-ketamine (10 mg/kg) or saline was administered intraperitoneally to CSDS-susceptible mice. Dendritic spine density in the mPFC and hippocampus was measured 3 h after a single injection. Results (R)-ketamine significantly ameliorated the decreased spine density in the prelimbic area of mPFC, Cornu Ammonis3, and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of CSDS-susceptible mice Conclusions This study suggests that (R)-ketamine rapidly ameliorates the decreased spine density in the mPFC and hippocampus of CSDS-susceptible mice, resulting in its rapid-acting antidepressant effects.

scholarly journals Chronic Social Defeat Stress Modulates Dendritic Spines Structural Plasticity in Adult Mouse Frontal Association Cortex

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Shu ◽  
Tonghui Xu
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Neural Circuits ◽  
Neural Circuit ◽  
Structural Plasticity ◽  
Social Defeat ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Chronic Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Stress Experience ◽  
Spine Dynamics

Chronic stress is associated with occurrence of many mental disorders. Previous studies have shown that dendrites and spines of pyramidal neurons of the prefrontal cortex undergo drastic reorganization following chronic stress experience. So the prefrontal cortex is believed to play a key role in response of neural system to chronic stress. However, how stress induces dynamic structural changes in neural circuit of prefrontal cortex remains unknown. In the present study, we examined the effects of chronic social defeat stress on dendritic spine structural plasticity in the mouse frontal association (FrA) cortexin vivousing two-photon microscopy. We found that chronic stress altered spine dynamics in FrA and increased the connectivity in FrA neural circuits. We also found that the changes in spine dynamics in FrA are correlated with the deficit of sucrose preference in defeated mice. Our findings suggest that chronic stress experience leads to adaptive change in neural circuits that may be important for encoding stress experience related memory and anhedonia.

scholarly journals Developmental Stage-dependent Persistent Impact of Propofol Anesthesia on Dendritic Spines in the Rat Medial Prefrontal Cortex

2011 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Briner ◽  
Irina Nikonenko ◽  
Mathias De Roo ◽  
Alexandre Dayer ◽  
Dominique Muller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Medial Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Dendritic Spine ◽  
Pyramidal Neurons ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Spine Density ◽  
Quantitative Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dendritic Spine Density

Background Recent observations demonstrate that anesthetics rapidly impair synaptogenesis during neuronal circuitry development. Whether these effects are lasting and depend on the developmental stage at which these drugs are administered remains, however, to be explored. Methods Wistar rats received propofol anesthesia at defined developmental stages during early postnatal life. The acute and long-term effects of these treatments on neuronal cytoarchitecture were evaluated by Neurolucida and confocal microscopy analysis after iontophoretic injections of Lucifer Yellow into layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex. Quantitative electron microscopy was applied to investigate synapse density. Results Layer 5 pyramidal neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex displayed intense dendritic growth and spinogenesis during the first postnatal month. Exposure of rat pups to propofol at postnatal days 5 and 10 significantly decreased dendritic spine density, whereas this drug induced a significant increase in spine density when administered at postnatal days 15, 20, or 30. Quantitative electron microscopy revealed that the propofol-induced increase in spine density was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of synapses. Importantly, the propofol-induced modifications in dendritic spine densities persisted up to postnatal day 90. Conclusion These new results demonstrate that propofol anesthesia can rapidly induce significant changes in dendritic spine density and that these effects are developmental stage-dependent, persist into adulthood, and are accompanied by alterations in synapse number. These data suggest that anesthesia in the early postnatal period might permanently impair circuit assembly in the developing brain.

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