scholarly journals Superoxide dismutase, BDNF and cognitive improvement in drug-naive first episode patients with schizophrenia: a 12-week longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiwei Wu ◽  
Qinqin Liu ◽  
Yinghua Zhang ◽  
Xiaoni Guan ◽  
Meihong Xiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Redox Regulation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Cognitive Improvement ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Permissive Role

Abstract Objective Cognitive improvement after antipsychotic agents in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) appears to involve redox regulation through neurotrophins such as brain derived neurotropic factor (BDNF). This study examined whether cognitive improvement was associated with the increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD), and whether higher levels of BDNF could have a permissive role in allowing SOD to improve cognition. Methods We examined this hypothesis in 183 drug-naïve first episode (DNFE) SCZ patients taking risperidone monotherapy for 12 weeks. We measured total copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and SOD activities and BDNF levels in these patients and compared their levels to 152 healthy controls. We assessed cognitive functioning and clinical symptoms at baseline and 12-week follow-up. Results After treatment with risperidone, CuZn-SOD activity was significantly increased, and BDNF levels were slightly increased. Increased CuZn-SOD activity was associated with the cognitive effectiveness of risperidone monotherapy. The BDNF levels and SOD activities were correlated at baseline, but not correlated after 12-week treatment. Furthermore, baseline CuZn-SOD activity positively correlated with improvement on the delayed memory subscale of the RBANS only in high BDNF subgroup. Conclusions Our longitudinal study suggests that risperidone can enhance SOD activity and that in combination with higher baseline BDNF levels acting in a permissive role can improve cognitive impairments in SCZ. Greater baseline CuZn-SOD activity also may have predictive value for cognitive improvement of delayed memory in SCZ patients getting risperidone treatment.

scholarly journals Interrelationships Between BDNF, Superoxide Dismutase, and Cognitive Impairment in Drug-Naive First-Episode Patients With Schizophrenia

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1498-1510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei Hong Xiu ◽  
Zezhi Li ◽  
Da Chun Chen ◽  
Song Chen ◽  
Maile E Curbo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Redox System ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Neuropsychological Status ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Drug Naïve

Abstract The pathogenesis and etiology of schizophrenia (SCZ) remains unclear. Accumulating studies showed that complex interrelationships between brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and an imbalanced redox system has a crucial role in the psychopathology of SCZ. However, the influence of the interrelationships of BDNF and superoxide dismutase (SOD) on cognitive impairment and clinical symptomatology in drug-naive first-episode (DNFE) SCZ patients has not been studied thoroughly. Serum BDNF levels, plasma total SOD, manganese-SOD (Mn-SOD), copper/zinc-containing SOD (CuZn-SOD) activities, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured in 327 DNFE patients with SCZ and 391 healthy controls. Cognitive functions were measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological status (RBANS) and clinical symptoms were evaluated by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Compared with the controls, the DNFE patients had increased activities of total SOD and CuZn-SOD, and reduced levels of BDNF and MDA. BDNF levels were positively correlated with CuZn-SOD activity in patients. In addition, we found that elevated Mn-SOD and CuZn-SOD activities were related to PANSS depression factor. Moreover, an interactive effect of BDNF levels and Mn-SOD activity was associated with attentional index score in the patients. Therefore, our findings suggested that interrelationships between BDNF and antioxidant mechanisms might underlie the pathological mechanisms of cognitive impairments and symptomatology in the DNFE patients with SCZ.

scholarly journals Abnormalities of EEG Microstates In Drug-Naïve, First-Episode Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiaoling Sun ◽  
Linlin Zhao ◽  
Liwen Tan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Brain Functions ◽  
Class D ◽  
Syndrome Scale ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
Microstate Analysis ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

Abstract Objective: Microstate analysis is a powerful tool to probe the brain functions, and changes in microstates under electroencephalography (EEG) have been repeatedly reported in patients with schizophrenia. This study aimed to investigate the dynamics of EEG microstates in drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia (FE-SCH) and to test the relationship between EEG microstates and clinical symptoms.Methods: Resting-state EEG were recorded for 23 patients with FE-SCH and 23 healthy controls using a 64-channel cap. Three parameters, i.e., contribution, duration, and occurrence, of the four microstate classes were calculated. Group differences in EEG microstates and their clinical symptoms (assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) were analyzed.Results: Compared with healthy controls, patients with FE-SCH showed increased duration, occurrence and contribution of microstate class C and decreased contribution and occurrence of microstate class D. In addition, the score of positive symptoms in PANSS was negatively correlated with the occurrence of microstate D.Conclusions: Our findings showed abnormal patterns of EEG microstates in drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia, which might help distinguish individuals with schizophrenia in the early stage and develop early intervention strategies.

Rat lung antioxidant enzymes: differences in perinatal gene expression and regulation

1992 ◽  
Vol 263 (4) ◽  
pp. L466-L470 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Clerch ◽  
D. Massaro
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Postnatal Exposure ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Copper Zinc Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Copper Zinc

The lung activity of the antioxidant enzymes (AOEs) copper, zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GP), but not manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn SOD), increases in rats during late gestation; the concentrations of Cu,Zn SOD mRNA and CAT mRNA also rise. During early postnatal exposure to > 95% O2, the lung activity of Cu,Zn SOD, CAT, and GP increases. We now show 1) the lung concentration of Mn SOD mRNA and GP mRNA does not increase in late gestation; 2) Mn SOD activity and the concentration of its mRNA and of GP mRNA increase during exposure of neonatal rats to > 95% O2; and 3) as previously shown for CAT mRNA, the increase in lung concentration of the mRNAs for Cu,Zn SOD, Mn SOD, and GP during early postnatal hyperoxia occurs with a 70–80% prolongation of the half-life of these mRNAs. We conclude that 1) in late gestation the level at which lung AOE gene expression is regulated differs among the enzymes, 2) the level at which lung AOE gene expression is regulated shortly after birth in response to > 95% O2 is uniform among the enzymes, and 3) the lung's AOE response to neonatal hyperoxia is not merely a step-up of its prenatal regulation but involves different regulatory mechanisms based on increased stability of AOE mRNAs

scholarly journals Exercise Provides Direct Biphasic Cardioprotection via Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Activation

1999 ◽  
Vol 189 (11) ◽  
pp. 1699-1706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobushige Yamashita ◽  
Shiro Hoshida ◽  
Kinya Otsu ◽  
Michio Asahi ◽  
Tsunehiko Kuzuya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Exercise Induced

Epidemiologic investigations have shown that exercise reduces morbidity and mortality from coronary artery disease. In this study, using a rat model, we attempted to determine whether exercise can reduce ischemic injury to the heart and elucidate a mechanism for the cardioprotective effect of exercise. Results showed that exercise significantly reduced the magnitude of a myocardial infarction in biphasic manner. The time course for cardioprotection resembled that of the change in manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity. The administration of the antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide to Mn-SOD abolished the expected decrease in infarct size. We showed that the level of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) increased after exercise. The simultaneous administration of the neutralizing antibodies to the cytokines abolished the exercise-induced cardioprotection and the activation of Mn-SOD. Furthermore, TNF-α can mimic the biphasic pattern of cardioprotection and activation of Mn-SOD. An antioxidant completely abolished cardioprotection and the activation of Mn-SOD by exercise or the injection of TNF-α as well as exercise-induced increase in TNF-α and IL-1β. The production of reactive oxygen species and endogenous TNF-α and IL-1β induced by exercise leads to the activation of Mn-SOD, which plays major roles in the acquisition of biphasic cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.

scholarly journals Manganese superoxide dismutase as a target of autoantibodies in acute Epstein-Barr virus infection.

1994 ◽  
Vol 180 (5) ◽  
pp. 1995-1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Ritter ◽  
R J Kühl ◽  
F Semrau ◽  
H Eiffert ◽  
H D Kratzin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Manganese Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus Infection ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Infection ◽  
Manganese Superoxide ◽  
Epstein Barr

Antibodies directed against the autoantigen p26 were detected in sera from 32 patients with acute Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and clinical symptoms of infectious mononucleosis. P26 has now been identified as the enzyme manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) by comparison of the NH2-terminal amino acid sequence. Antibodies against MnSOD belong to the immunoglobulin class M. They are not detectable in sera of patients with other herpesvirus infections. In the 32 patients investigated, the rise and fall of the autoantibodies coincides with the clinical symptoms. In vitro, the autoantibodies were shown to inhibit the dismutation of superoxide radicals by blocking MnSOD. As presented in the discussion this effect may contribute to the pathogenesis of acute EBV infection.

White-matter microstructure in previously drug-naive patients with schizophrenia after 6 weeks of treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2301-2309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Wang ◽  
C. Cheung ◽  
W. Deng ◽  
M. Li ◽  
C. Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Early Phase ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Drug Naïve ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundIt is not clear whether the progressive changes in brain microstructural deficits documented in previous longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies might be due to the disease process or to other factors such as medication. It is important to explore the longitudinal alterations in white-matter (WM) microstructure in antipsychotic-naive patients with first-episode schizophrenia during the very early phase of treatment when relatively ‘free’ from chronicity.MethodThirty-five patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 22 healthy volunteers were recruited. High-resolution diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was obtained from participants at baseline and after 6 weeks of treatment. A ‘difference map’ for each individual was calculated from the 6-week follow-up fractional anisotropy (FA) of DTI minus the baseline FA. Differences in Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scores between baseline and 6 weeks were also evaluated and expressed as a 6-week/baseline ratio.ResultsCompared to healthy controls, there was a significant decrease in absolute FA of WM around the bilateral anterior cingulate gyrus and the right anterior corona radiata of the frontal lobe in first-episode drug-naive patients with schizophrenia following 6 weeks of treatment. Clinical symptoms improved during this period but the change in FA did not correlate with the changes in clinical symptoms or the dose of antipsychotic medication.ConclusionsDuring the early phase of treatment, there is an acute reduction in WM FA that may be due to the effects of antipsychotic medications. However, it is not possible to entirely exclude the effects of underlying progression of illness.

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