scholarly journals Vigorous intensity physical activity is related to the metabolic syndrome independent of the physical activity dose

2012 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1132-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Janssen ◽  
R. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

scholarly journals Intensity of bouted and sporadic physical activity and the metabolic syndrome in adults

PeerJ ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. e1437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Robson ◽  
Ian Janssen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Activity Guidelines ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Background.Physical activity guidelines for adults only recognize the health benefits of accumulating bouted moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), or MVPA occurring over at least 10 consecutive minutes. There is a lack of evidence supporting the health benefits of other patterns and intensities of activity including sporadic MVPA (i.e., MVPA occurring in periods of fewer than 10 consecutive minutes) and light intensity physical activity (LIPA). The objective of this study was to examine the health benefits associated with physical activity that does not meet the physical activity guidelines criteria for bouted MVPA. Specifically, we examined the association between sporadic MVPA and bouted and sporadic LIPA with the metabolic syndrome.Methods.We studied a representative cross-sectional sample of 1,974 adults aged 20 years and older from the 2003–2006 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Physical activity was measured over 7 days using Actigraph AM-7164 accelerometers. Each minute over the 7-day measurement period was classified as being of a sedentary, light, or moderate-to-vigorous intensity. A 10 min threshold differentiated bouted activity from sporadic activity. Average minutes/day of sporadic LIPA, sporadic MVPA, bouted LIPA, bouted MVPA, and embedded MVPA (MVPA occurring within bouts of primarily LIPA) were calculated. Metabolic syndrome status was determined using established criteria. Associations were examined using logistic regression and controlled for relevant covariates.Results.For every 30 min/day of physical activity, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of the metabolic syndrome was reduced by 4% (1–7%) for bouted LIPA, 64% (51–71%) for bouted MVPA, and 57% (45–67%) for embedded MVPA. Sporadic LIPA was not independently associated with the metabolic syndrome. We could not examine the association between sporadic MVPA and the metabolic syndrome because participants accumulated such a marginal amount of this type of activity (i.e., median = 2 min/day, only 11% of participants accumulated ≥5 min/day).Conclusion.The intensity of non-bouted activity is important, as embedded MVPA had a stronger association with the metabolic syndrome than sporadic LIPA and a comparable association to bouted MVPA.

Physical activity in prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo A. Lakka ◽  
David E. Laaksonen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trials ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity

Randomised controlled trials have shown that exercise training has a mild or moderate favourable effect on many metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors that constitute or are related to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). Epidemiological studies suggest that regular physical activity prevents type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and premature mortality in large part through these risk factors. Although randomized controlled trials with the prevention or treatment of the MetS as the main outcome have not been published, several large randomized controlled trials provide strong evidence that favourable lifestyle changes, including regular physical activity, are effective in the prevention of type 2 diabetes in individuals who are overweight and have impaired glucose tolerance. Compliance with the current recommendations to increase the total volume of moderate-intensity physical activity and to maintain good cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness appears to markedly decrease the likelihood of developing the MetS, especially in high-risk groups. Walking is the most common form of physical activity— it improves health in many ways and is generally safe. Therefore, brisk walking for at least 30 min daily can be recommended as the principal form of physical activity at the population level. If there are no contraindications, more vigorous physical exercise or resistance training should also be considered to obtain additional health benefits. Unstructured and low-intensity physical activity may also decrease the likelihood of developing the MetS, especially when substituted for sedentary behaviours such as watching television. The measurement of maximal oxygen consumption may provide an efficient means to target even individuals with relatively few metabolic risk factors who may benefit from more intensive intervention.

scholarly journals Individual Diet Modification Reduces the Metabolic Syndrome in Patients Before Pharmacological Treatment

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2102
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko ◽  
Marta Rożniata ◽  
Kinga Zujko
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).

scholarly journals Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Sedentary Behaviour and Physical Activity Are Independently Associated with the Metabolic Syndrome, Results from the SCAPIS Pilot Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0131586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Örjan Ekblom ◽  
Elin Ekblom-Bak ◽  
Annika Rosengren ◽  
Mattias Hallsten ◽  
Göran Bergström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Sedentary Behaviour ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic and lifestyle determinants of glycemic variability in persons at high risk of type 2 diabetes: a study with continuous monitoring of diet, physical activity, and glucose level. (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Hyun Park ◽  
Jiali Yao ◽  
Clare Whitton ◽  
Xin Hui Chua ◽  
Suresh Rama Chandran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Glycemic Variability ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Time In Range ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Mean Glucose

BACKGROUND Frequent and large fluctuations in blood glucose concentration during the day may increase risk of type 2 diabetes. It remains unclear how diet and physical activity affect glycemic variability in real-world conditions in persons without diabetes. OBJECTIVE We examined metabolic and lifestyle determinants (diet, physical activity, and sleep) of blood glucose levels over a seven-day period in people at high risk for diabetes METHODS Twenty-eight participants with a mean age of 46.0 (SD 9.9) years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 27.5 (SD 1.8) kg/m2 underwent a mixed meal tolerance test to assess glucose homeostasis at baseline. Subsequently, they wore an accelerometer to assess movement behaviors, recorded their dietary intakes through a mobile phone application, and wore a flash glucose monitoring device that measured glucose levels every 15 min for seven days. Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess the associations of metabolic and lifestyle risk factors with daily mean glucose levels (mmol/L), the coefficient of variation (CV%) of glucose levels, and time-in-range (3.0 to 7.8 mmol/L, %). RESULTS A higher BMI (β = 0.12 per kg/m2; P = 0.01), body fat (β = 0.03 per kg; P = 0.01), and selected markers of hyperglycemia and insulin resistance from the meal tolerance test were associated with higher mean glucose levels during the seven days. Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (β = -1.77 per hr./d, P = 0.008) and polyunsaturated fat intake (β = -2.23 per 5 energy %, P < 0.001) were independently associated with less variation in glucose levels (CV%). Higher protein (β = 0.90, P = 0.007) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (β = 3.21, P = 0.02) intakes were associated with more time-in-range. In contrast, higher carbohydrates intake was associated with less time-in-range (β = -0.59, P = 0.04). Sleep, sedentary behavior, or light intensity physical activity were not independently associated with glucose measures. CONCLUSIONS Body fatness was associated with higher mean glucose levels, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity was associated with less glycemic variability throughout a week. Diets with higher protein and polyunsaturated fat, and lower carbohydrates were associated with more time in normal glucose range. Physical activity and dietary composition can substantially influence glucose variation in people at high risk of diabetes.

Moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity from young adulthood to middle age and metabolic disease: a 30-year population-based cohort study

2021 ◽  
pp. bjsports-2021-104231
Author(s):  
Jason M Nagata ◽  
Eric Vittinghoff ◽  
Kelley Pettee Gabriel ◽  
Andrea K Garber ◽  
Andrew E Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Active Group ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

ObjectivesTo determine the association between moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) trajectories (course over age and time) through the adult life course and onset of metabolic disease (diabetes and dyslipidaemia).MethodsWe analysed prospective community-based cohort data of 5115 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study, who were black and white men and women aged 18–30 years at baseline (1985–1986) at four urban sites, collected through 30 years of follow-up. Individualised MVPA trajectories were developed for each participant using linear mixed models.ResultsLower estimated MVPA score at age 18 was associated with a 12% (95% CI 6% to 18%) higher odds of incident diabetes, a 4% (95% CI 1% to 7%) higher odds of incident low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a 6% (95% CI 2% to 11%) higher odds of incident high triglycerides. Each additional annual 1-unit reduction in the MVPA score was associated with a 6% (95% CI 4% to 9%) higher annual odds of diabetes incidence and a 4% (95% CI 2% to 6%) higher annual odds of high triglyceride incidence. Analysing various MVPA trajectory groups, participants who were in the most active group at age 18 (over 300 min/week), but with sharp declines in midlife, had higher odds of high low-density lipoprotein and low HDL incidence, compared with those in the most active group at age 18 with subsequent gains.ConclusionGiven recent trends in declining MVPA across the life course and associated metabolic disease risk, young adulthood is an important time period for interventions to increase and begin the maintenance of MVPA.

Metabolic syndrome in people with a long-standing spinal cord injury: associations with physical activity and capacity

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (11) ◽  
pp. 1190-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja de Groot ◽  
Jacinthe J. Adriaansen ◽  
Marga Tepper ◽  
Govert J. Snoek ◽  
Lucas H.V. van der Woude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Peak Aerobic Capacity

This study investigated (i) the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in people with a long-standing spinal cord injury (SCI); (ii) whether personal or lesion characteristics are determinants of the MetS; and (iii) the association with physical activity or peak aerobic capacity on the MetS. In a cross-sectional study, persons with SCI (N = 223; time since injury of ≥10 years) were tested. The individual components of the MetS were assessed together with the physical activity measured by the Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD), while peak aerobic capacity was tested during a graded wheelchair exercise test on a treadmill. Thirty-nine percent of the participants had MetS. In a multivariate logistic regression analyses and after performing a backward regression analysis, only age and education were significant determinants of the MetS. A 10-year increase in age leads to a 1.5 times more chance to have the MetS. Furthermore, people with a low education will multiply the relative risk of MetS compared with people with high education by almost 2. With and without correcting for confounders, no significant relationship was found between PASIPD or peak aerobic capacity and the MetS. It can be concluded that the prevalence of the MetS is high (39%) in people with a long-standing SCI but is comparable to the general Dutch population. Older people and those with a lower education level are most at risk for the MetS. Physical activity and peak aerobic fitness were not related to the MetS in this group with a long-standing SCI.

The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Salivary Cortisol, and the Metabolic Syndrome Score in Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina D. DuBose ◽  
Andrew J. McKune
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between physical activity levels, salivary cortisol, and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) score was examined. Twenty-three girls (8.4 ± 0.9 years) had a fasting blood draw, waist circumference and blood pressure measured, and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 5 days. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol levels. Previously established cut points estimated the minutes spent in moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A continuous MetSyn score was created from blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and glucose values. Correlation analyses examined associations between physical activity, cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components. Regression analysis examined the relationship between cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components adjusting for physical activity, percent body fat, and sexual maturity. Vigorous physical activity was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol values. The MetSyn score was not related with cortisol values after controlling for confounders. In contrast, HDL was negatively related with 30 min post waking cortisol. Triglyceride was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol and area under the curve. The MetSyn score and many of its components were not related to cortisol salivary levels even after adjusting for physical activity, body fat percentage, and sexual maturity.

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