Risk Factors Associated with Prevalent HIV-1 Infection among Pregnant Women in Rwanda

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN CHAO ◽  
MARC BULTERYS ◽  
FÉLICITÉ MUSANGANIRE ◽  
PHOCAS ABIMANA ◽  
PAULA NAWROCKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv 1

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with C hagas disease in pregnant women in S antander, a highly endemic C olombian area

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeny Z. Castellanos‐Domínguez ◽  
Zulma M. Cucunubá ◽  
Luis C. Orozco ◽  
Carlos A. Valencia‐Hernández ◽  
Cielo M. León ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Perineal trauma after vaginal delivery in healthy pregnant women

2014 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Santos Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Gustavo Oliveira Brito ◽  
Silvana Maria Quintana ◽  
Geraldo Duarte ◽  
Alessandra Cristina Marcolin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Standing Position ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Perineal Injury ◽  
Secondary Hospital ◽  
Perineal Injuries

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE:Despite all the medical care provided during delivery labor, perineal injury is still prevalent and may lead to diverse pelvic floor disorders. The aim here was to investigate the prevalence of obstetric and anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) in healthy pregnant women after vaginal delivery.DESIGN AND SETTING:Cross-sectional study involving 3,034 patients with singletons in a secondary hospital for low-risk cases.METHODS:A standardized questionnaire was prepared and applied to medical files that had been completely filled out (classification of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, RCOG) in order to identify OASIS and analyze risk factors associated with mild and severe perineal lacerations.RESULTS:The women's mean age was 25 years; more than half (54.4%) were primiparae. Almost 38% of the participants had perineal lacerations; these were severe in 0.9% of the cases. Previous vaginal delivery (odds ratio, OR: 1.64 [1.33-2.04]) and forceps delivery (OR: 2.04 [1.39-2.97]) were risk factors associated with mild perineal injuries (1st and 2nd OASIS classifications). Only remaining standing for prolonged periods during professional activity (OR: 2.85 [1.34-6.09]) was associated with severe perineal injuries.CONCLUSION:The prevalence of severe perineal injuries was concordant with data in the literature. The variable of standing position was considered to be a risk factor for severe perineal injury and should be further investigated.

scholarly journals Factores de riesgo asociados a distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes primíparas atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Olga Katherine Veintimilla Chinga ◽  
María Alicia Fernanda Ledezma Hurtado ◽  
Dadier Marrero González ◽  
Lizeet López ◽  
Hugo Loor Lino
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
Uterine Malformations ◽  
Delivery Mechanism

  Las distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes pueden generar consecuencias significativas tanto maternas como fetales y neonatales, existiendo diversos factores de riesgo asociados a dicha condición. La prevalencia de las distocias es variable para cada localidad, presentándose en el 0,3 % a de los casos. En este sentido, el objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar los principales factores de riesgo que se asocian a distocias del mecanismo del parto en gestantes primíparas atendidas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo, con 250 embarazadas atendidas en el periodo de enero 2018 a diciembre 2019. Las distocias de los mecanismos del parto en primíparas en el Hospital Dr. Verdi Cevallos se presentaron con más frecuencia en las edades entre los 20 y 34 años, con grado de instrucción secundaria, y de zonas rurales. Los principales factores de riesgos modificables asociados a distocias fueron los controles prenatales insuficientes, sobrepeso y obesidad de las gestantes; además de ganancia de peso inadecuada durante el embarazo, bajo peso fetal, duración prolongada de la primera fase del trabajo de parto e inducción del mismo. Los factores de riesgos no modificables identificados fueron la presentación de cara, estrechez pélvica, malformaciones uterinas, hipertensión arterial como enfermedad crónica asociada, talla materna menor a 140 cm y parto prolongado de más de 20 horas. Las complicaciones maternas tuvieron una alta incidencia y dentro de ellas, las cesáreas fueron las más frecuentes, mientras que el distress respiratorio fue la complicación neonatal más presentada.   Palabras clave: Distocia, factores de riesgo, peso elevado, malformaciones uterinas, complicaciones.   Abstract Dystocia of the delivery mechanism in pregnant women can generate significant maternal, fetal and neonatal consequences, with various risk factors associated with this condition. The prevalence of dystocia is variable for each locality, occurring in 0.3% of cases. In this sense, the objective of this study was to determine the main risk factors associated with dystocia in the delivery mechanism in primiparous pregnant women treated at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Balda Hospital. A descriptive and retrospective study was carried out, with 250 pregnant women seen in the period from January 2018 to December 2019. Dystocia of the labor mechanisms in primiparous women at the Dr. Verdi Cevallos Hospital occurred more frequently in the ages between 20 and 34 years old, with a secondary education degree, and from rural areas. The main modifiable risk factors associated with dystocia were insufficient prenatal care, overweight and obesity in pregnant women; as well as inadequate weight gain during pregnancy, low fetal weight, prolonged duration of the first phase of labor and its induction. The non-modifiable risk factors identified were face presentation, pelvic narrowing, uterine malformations, arterial hypertension as an associated chronic disease, maternal height less than 140 cm and prolonged labor of more than 20 hours. Maternal complications had a high incidence and within them, caesarean sections were the most frequent, while respiratory distress was the most common neonatal complication.   Keywords: Dystocia, risk factors, high weight, uterine malformations, complications.

scholarly journals Factors associated with time to achieve an undetectable HIV RNA viral load after start of antiretroviral treatment in HIV-1-infected pregnant women

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Snippenburg ◽  
F.J.B. Nellen ◽  
C. Smit ◽  
A.M.J. Wensing ◽  
M.H. Godfried ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hiv Rna ◽  
Hiv 1

Prevalence and risk factors for HIV-1 infection in people who use illicit drugs in northern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 (3) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldemir B Oliveira-Filho ◽  
Fabricio Quaresma Silva ◽  
Francisco Junior A Santos ◽  
Yasmin Maria N Cardoso ◽  
Jeruza Ferraz F Di Miceli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Crack Cocaine ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Unsafe Sex ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Number Of Sexual Partners ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Hiv 1

Abstract Background People who use illicit drugs (PWUDs) have a high risk of viral infections. To date, there is a paucity of information on HIV infection among PWUDs in remote Brazilian regions. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 infection among PWUDs in northern Brazil. Methods Sociodemographic, economic, drug use and health-related information were collected through interviews from a community-recruited, multi-site sample of 1753 PWUDs. The blood samples collected were tested for the presence of HIV-1 using chemiluminescence immunoassay and PCR or western blotting. Logistic regressions identified factors independently associated with HIV-1 infection. Results In total, 266 (15.2%) PWUDs were HIV-1 positive. Hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus nucleic acid was detected in 65 (3.7%) PWUDs infected by HIV-1. The factors associated with HIV-1 infection were male gender, older age, a lower educational level and a lower income, crack cocaine use, a longer drug use history and a history of drug injection and engagement in unsafe sex, sex work and a higher number of sexual partners. Conclusions The current study provides unique, initial insights into HIV and co-infection status and pertinent risk factors among PWUDs in northern Brazil, with clear and diverse implications for urgently improved prevention and treatment intervention needs.

scholarly journals HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence, risk factors and birth outcomes among pregnant women in Bissau, Guinea-Bissau: a retrospective cross-sectional hospital study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dlama Nggida Rasmussen ◽  
Noel Vieira ◽  
Bo Langhoff Hønge ◽  
David da Silva Té ◽  
Sanne Jespersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Birth Outcomes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Guinea Bissau ◽  
Hospital Study ◽  
Hiv 1
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