scholarly journals New broadband methods for resonance classification and high-resolution imagery of fish with swimbladders using a modified commercial broadband echosounder

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy K. Stanton ◽  
Dezhang Chu ◽  
J. Michael Jech ◽  
James D. Irish
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Target Strength ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Imagery ◽  
Broadband Signal ◽  
Scattering Strength ◽  
Broadband Signal Processing ◽  
Lower Frequencies

Abstract Stanton, T. K., Chu, D., Jech, J. M., and Irish, J. D. 2010. New broadband methods for resonance classification and high-resolution imagery of fish with swimbladders using a modified commercial broadband echosounder. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 67: 365–378. A commercial acoustic system, originally designed for seafloor applications, has been adapted for studying fish with swimbladders. The towed system contains broadband acoustic channels collectively spanning the frequency range 1.7–100 kHz, with some gaps. Using a pulse-compression technique, the range resolution of the echoes is ∼20 and 3 cm in the lower and upper ranges of the frequencies, respectively, allowing high-resolution imaging of patches and resolving fish near the seafloor. Measuring the swimbladder resonance at the lower frequencies eliminates major ambiguities normally associated with the interpretation of fish echo data: (i) the resonance frequency can be used to estimate the volume of the swimbladder (inferring the size of fish), and (ii) signals at the lower frequencies do not depend strongly on the orientation of the fish. At-sea studies of Atlantic herring demonstrate the potential for routine measurements of fish size and density, with significant improvements in accuracy over traditional high-frequency narrowband echosounders. The system also detected patches of scatterers, presumably zooplankton, at the higher frequencies. New techniques for quantitative use of broadband systems are presented, including broadband calibration and relating target strength and volume-scattering strength to quantities associated with broadband signal processing.

Interrogation Signal Generation for SAW Temperature Sensor

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 1089-1092
Author(s):  
Theng Wei Lee ◽  
Wan Young Chung
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Reference Signal ◽  
Phase Lock Loop ◽  
Matlab Simulation ◽  
Waveform Generator ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
Saw Sensor ◽  
Arbitrary Waveform

This paper presents the method to generate frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) interrogation signal by using a phase lock loop (PLL) transmitter and NI ELVIS development board. The FMCW interrogation signal can be used for measuring temperature from a surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensor. The development of the PLL transmitter is discussed. The Arbitrary Waveform Generator of NI ELVIS is utilized for generating a linear frequency sweep reference signal, which will be used as a stable input signal for the transmitter. A MATLAB simulation using a pulse compression technique is performed to investigate the relationship between the FMCW bandwidth and range resolution.

scholarly journals Implementation of Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer to Minimize The Sidelobes And Reduce Mainlobe Width

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.20) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
K Ravi Kumar ◽  
Prof. P. Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Matched Filter ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Grey Wolf Optimizer ◽  
Grey Wolf ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
Multi Objective ◽  
Small Targets

Range resolution in radar can be achieved by splitting the long pulse of high energy into the high bandwidth of short pulses using pulse compression technique. Frequency modulation (Linear frequency modulation (LFM)) signal is used to improve range resolution. To get better range resolution, frequency step is introduced between a train of LFM pulses known as stepped frequency pulse train (the SFPT). The SFPT suffers from grating lobes when the product of sub-pulse duration and frequency step becomes more than one. The grating lobes and sidelobes present in the vicinity of the mainlobe. It can cause the false alarm detection and hide the small targets. In this work, Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Algorithm (MOGWO) is used to set the parameters of SFPT to mitigate the grating lobes and minimize the sidelobes at the matched filter output. Trade-off solutions between sidelobes versus grating lobes and mainlobe width versus sidelobes are obtained using the Pareto front for different ranges of SFPT parameters.  

scholarly journals Implementation of Stepped Frequency Modulation Pulse Compression on NI Suite

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 2161-2164
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Modulation ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Short Pulse ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Stepped Frequency ◽  
Long Pulse ◽  
Design And Testing

In Radars and Sonar, the pulse compression technique is used continuously to increase the range resolution, range detection and the signal-to noise ratio (SNR). This can be achieved by modulating the transmitted pulse and then correlating it to the received pulse with the transmitted signal. This transforms short pulse into long pulse and is used to increase long pulse bandwidth by some form of modulation such as linear frequency modulation (LFM), so that Range Resolution is not compromised. The proposed Stepped Frequency Modulation (SFM) is a common Pulse Compression Method, which is useful to increase the Radar Range Resolution without losing the capability of target detection. Step Frequency Continuous Wave (SFCW) is also one of the techniques used in the Pulse Compression Technique, where the return echo step is used to determine range and is used for different purposes. This type of setup is widely used in RADAR design and testing. This Paper proposes the implementation of various Modulation techniques such as LFM, SFM and SFCW for proposed Stepped frequency Modulation using NI suite hardware PXI system which has a configurable FPGA and RF front end to generate custom waveform in wide range of frequencies with bandwidth up to 1GHz design and testing.

Feasibility of low-frequency directive sound source with high range resolution using pulse compression technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (7S) ◽  
pp. 07KC03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Noumura ◽  
Hideo Adachi ◽  
Tomoo Kamakura ◽  
Gregory T. Clement
Keyword(s):  
Sound Source ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Compression Technique ◽  
Range Resolution ◽  
High Range

A Low-Power High-Resolution Broad-Band Radar Using a Pulse Compression Technique for Meteorological Application

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoaki Mega ◽  
Kazushi Monden ◽  
Tomoo Ushio ◽  
Ken'ichi Okamoto ◽  
Zen-Ichiro Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Pulse Compression ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Compression Technique

Mapping and Monitoring of the Land Use/Cover Changes in the Wider Area of ltanos, Crete, Using Very High Resolution EO Imagery With Specific Interest in Archaeological Sites

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawyer Reid stippa ◽  
George Petropoulos ◽  
Leonidas Toulios ◽  
Prashant K. Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Digital Photography ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Large Area ◽  
High Resolution Imagery ◽  
Site Mapping ◽  
Rule Sets

Archaeological site mapping is important for both understanding the history as well as protecting them from excavation during the developmental activities. As archaeological sites generally spread over a large area, use of high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery is becoming increasingly applicable in the world. The main objective of this study was to map the land cover of the Itanos area of Crete and of its changes, with specific focus on the detection of the landscape’s archaeological features. Six satellite images were acquired from the Pleiades and WorldView-2 satellites over a period of 3 years. In addition, digital photography of two known archaeological sites was used for validation. An Object Based Image Analysis (OBIA) classification was subsequently developed using the five acquired satellite images. Two rule-sets were created, one using the standard four bands which both satellites have and another for the two WorldView-2 images their four extra bands included. Validation of the thematic maps produced from the classification scenarios confirmed a difference in accuracy amongst the five images. Comparing the results of a 4-band rule-set versus the 8-band showed a slight increase in classification accuracy using extra bands. The resultant classifications showed a good level of accuracy exceeding 70%. Yet, separating the archaeological sites from the open spaces with little or no vegetation proved challenging. This was mainly due to the high spectral similarity between rocks and the archaeological ruins. The satellite data spatial resolution allowed for the accuracy in defining larger archaeological sites, but still was a difficulty in distinguishing smaller areas of interest. The digital photography data provided a very good 3D representation for the archaeological sites, assisting as well in validating the satellite-derived classification maps. All in all, our study provided further evidence that use of high resolution imagery may allow for archaeological sites to be located, but only where they are of a suitable size archaeological features.

ASSESSING MICROFOSSIL TAPHONOMY WITH HIGH-RESOLUTION IMAGERY

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Seth Wood ◽  
◽  
Ashley R. Manning-Berg ◽  
Kenneth H. Williford ◽  
Linda C. Kah
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
High Resolution Imagery

scholarly journals Assessing Riyadh’s Urban Change Utilizing High-Resolution Imagery

Land ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Ali Alghamdi ◽  
Anthony R. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Likelihood ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Training Data ◽  
High Resolution Imagery ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Desert Areas ◽  
Spot 5

The implications of change on local processes have attracted significant research interest in recent times. In urban settings, green spaces and forests have attracted much attention. Here, we present an assessment of change within the predominantly desert Middle Eastern city of Riyadh, an understudied setting. We utilized high-resolution SPOT 5 data and two classification techniques—maximum likelihood classification and object-oriented classification—to study the changes in Riyadh between 2004 and 2014. Imagery classification was completed with training data obtained from the SPOT 5 dataset, and an accuracy assessment was completed through a combination of field surveys and an application developed in ESRI Survey 123 tool. The Survey 123 tool allowed residents of Riyadh to present their views on land cover for the 2004 and 2014 imagery. Our analysis showed that soil or ‘desert’ areas were converted to roads and buildings to accommodate for Riyadh’s rapidly growing population. The object-oriented classifier provided higher overall accuracy than the maximum likelihood classifier (74.71% and 73.79% vs. 92.36% and 90.77% for 2004 and 2014). Our work provides insights into the changes within a desert environment and establishes a foundation for understanding change in this understudied setting.

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