scholarly journals Using latent effects to determine the ecological importance of dissolved organic matter to marine invertebrates

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 634-642 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. E. Wendt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Latent Effects ◽  
Ecological Importance

scholarly journals Genomics Reveals the Metabolic Potential and Functions in the Redistribution of Dissolved Organic Matter in Marine Environments of the Genus Thalassotalea

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 1412
Author(s):  
Minji Kim ◽  
In-Tae Cha ◽  
Ki-Eun Lee ◽  
Eun-Young Lee ◽  
Soo-Je Park
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Metabolic Potential ◽  
Carbohydrate Utilization ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Metagenomic Study

Members of the bacterial genus Thalassotalea have been isolated recently from various marine environments, including marine invertebrates. A metagenomic study of the Deepwater Horizon oil plume has identified genes involved in aromatic hydrocarbon degradation in the Thalassotalea genome, shedding light on its potential role in the degradation of crude oils. However, the genomic traits of the genus are not well-characterized, despite the ability of the species to degrade complex natural compounds, such as agar, gelatin, chitin, or starch. Here, we obtained a complete genome of a new member of the genus, designated PS06, isolated from marine sediments containing dead marine benthic macroalgae. Unexpectedly, strain PS06 was unable to grow using most carbohydrates as sole carbon sources, which is consistent with the finding of few ABC transporters in the PS06 genome. A comparative analysis of 12 Thalassotalea genomes provided insights into their metabolic potential (e.g., microaerobic respiration and carbohydrate utilization) and evolutionary stability [including a low abundance of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) loci and prophages]. The diversity and frequency of genes encoding extracellular enzymes for carbohydrate metabolism in the 12 genomes suggest that members of Thalassotalea contribute to nutrient cycling by the redistribution of dissolved organic matter in marine environments. Our study improves our understanding of the ecological and genomic properties of the genus Thalassotalea.

Dense core tubuli—a new structural element of the spermatophores of pogonophora

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 574-575
Author(s):  
H. Flügel
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Phylogenetic Position ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Investigations

Pogonophora are tube-dwelling marine invertebrates without a digestive tract. They feed entirely on dissolved organic matter which occurs in traces in the sea water. Their phylogenetic position is still controversial. In spite of numerous anatomical investigations using the light microscope our knowledge of their reproduction is still limited (Ivanov, 1963; Webb, 1963a, b; Southward, 1975). It is well established that the sexes are separate. The sperm is discharged in the form of elongated spermatophores and the eggs are fertilized in the forepart of the tube, at least in the families Siboglinidae and Oligobrachiidae.But the mechanism of fertilization has not yet been observed. Electron microscopic investigations of the spermatophores may help to elucidate the biology of reproduction. Investigations on the spermiogenesis and the spermatophores of Siboglinum ekmani were carried out recently (Franzén, 1 973; Flügel, 1977).

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