Implications of Dietary Impact on Hepatic Steatosis and IBD

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-11
Author(s):  
Yejoo Jeon ◽  
Berkeley N Limketkai
Keyword(s):  
Disease Activity ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Mediterranean

The Mediterranean diet was recently shown to benefit hepatic steatosis and disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases. These findings advance our knowledge on dietary approaches for IBD and motivate inquiry on the role of obesity in IBD pathogenesis.

scholarly journals The effects of dihydroartemisinin on inflammatory bowel disease-related bone loss in a rat model

2018 ◽  
Vol 243 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingtao Ge ◽  
Zhijian Chen ◽  
Zhenjie Xu ◽  
Fang Lv ◽  
Kewei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Disease Activity Score ◽  
Osteoclast Formation ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Bone loss is one of the important extra-intestinal manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Compounds derived from natural products have been used to treat IBDs. However, the role of natural products on IBD-induced bone loss is not completely clarified. In the present study, we observed the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), an antimalaria drug, on IBD and IBD-induced bone loss in a rat model. Chronic IBD model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats by giving them 2.5% dextran sodium sulfate in drinking water. DHA was given by intraperitoneal injection. Blood, colon, and bone samples were collected for biomarker assay and histological analysis. There was an obvious increase in tumor necrotic factor (TNF) α and receptor activator of nuclear factor (NF)-kB ligand (RANKL), and decrease in procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) level in IBD groups compared with the normal control (p < 0.05). The disease activity score of IBD rats was significantly higher than the control (p < 0.01). Obvious decrease in disease activity score, TNFα, and RANKL level and increase in P1NP were observed in DHA-treated IBD rats. Bone loss, shown as the decrease in bone mineral density, bone volume fraction, and trabecular number and increase in trabecular separation were observed in IBD rats compared with control (p < 0.01). DHA treatment obviously abolished the bone loss, in particular in the high-dose group (p < 0.05). DHA treatment also inhibited the excessive osteoclast formation; RANKL protein expression; and RANK, TRAF6, Fra-1, NFATc1 mRNA expression induced by IBD. Our data indicated that DHA may be a potential therapeutic agent for IBD and IBD-induced bone loss. Impact statement Bone loss is one of the important extra-intestinal manifestations in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Studies have shown that compounds derived from natural products are useful in the treatment of IBDs. However, few studies have investigated the role of compounds derived from natural products in treatment of osteoporosis in IBDs. The current study aimed to show the effects of dihydroartemisinin (DHA), antimalaria drug, on bone loss in a rat model of IBD. The findings showed that DHA intervention dose dependently protected against bone loss in IBD rats by inhibiting tumor necrotic factor α production and osteoclast formation. These findings highlights that DHA may be beneficial for bone health in those patients with IBD.

scholarly journals POS1008 THE ROLE OF SERUM CALPROTECTIN IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 772-772
Author(s):  
P. Kulakova ◽  
G. Lukina ◽  
E. Alexandrova ◽  
A. Novikov ◽  
A. Klimets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Ankylosing Spondylitis ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Background:Аnkylosing spondylitis (AS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have many common features. Approximately one in two patients with axial spondyloarthritis have subclinical (histologically confirmed) inflammation of the intestine, and 5-10% of subclinical inflammation turns into Crohn’s disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC) [1]. Colonoscopy is usually used to diagnose IBD, but this procedure is invasive. Laboratory biomarkers, as fecal calprotectin (FC) and serum calprotectin (SC) can used to diagnosis of IBD. But there is no consensus regarding SC clinical utility. SC is exposed to proteolytic enzymes, but its level also increases with inflammation in the intestine and is associated with a higher disease activity [2]. SC levels positively correlate with CRP, ESR, disease activity in AS, but not as obvious as with FC [3,4].Objectives:The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of using SC in the diagnosis of IBD in patients with AS.Methods:In the analysis were included 50 patients with AS, fulfilling the modified New York criteria, among them man -36 (72%), woman -14 (28%), mean age of patients was 42.5 ±9.9, mean disease duration – 13.4±8.7 years. All patients were examined with ESR, CRP, FC (range: 100-1800 µg /g), esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy and quantitative analysis of the SC level using ELISA (BUHLMANN MRP8/14 ELISA, range: 0.4-3.9 µg /ml).Results:All patients had a high disease activity, mean BASDAI was 5.3 ± 1.8, mean ASDAS CRP 3.7 ± 1.01, mean ASDAS ESR 3.6 ± 1.01. 80 % patients had high FC level (more than 100 µg / g), while only 18% patients had an increase of SC level. IBD were diagnosed in 11 cases: 6 patients (12 %) with CD and 5 patients (10 %) - UC, in the remaining cases (78%) was no intestinal pathology. Only 2 patients with IBD had a high SC level. SC level was more correlated with ESR (r=0.5) and CRP (r=0.5) (p <0.05) levels, than with FC level (r=0.4) (p <0.05).Conclusion:The results showed that there is currently insufficient data to assess the possibility of using SC in the diagnosis of IBD in patients with AS. There is a significant association between the SC, CRP and ESR, but not fecal calprotectin. Potentially SC may be more representative of systemic inflammation than an intestinal inflammation.References:[1]Klingberg, E., Strid, H., Stahl, A.et al. A longitudinal study of fecal calprotectin and the development of inflammatory bowel disease in ankylosing spondylitis. A longitudinal study of fecal calprotectin and the development of inflammatory bowel disease in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Res Ther 2017. 19(1):21[2]Kalla R, Kennedy NA, Ventham NT, Boyapati RK, Adams AT, Nimmo ER, Visconti MR, Drummond H, Ho GT, Pattenden RJ, Wilson DC, Satsangi J. Serum Calprotectin: A Novel Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Am J Gastroenterol. 2016 Dec;111(12):1796-1805[3]Hu H, Du F, Zhang S, Zhang W. Serum calprotectin correlates with risk and disease severity of ankylosing spondylitis and its change during first month might predict favorable response to treatment. Mod Rheumatol. 2019 Sep;29(5):836-842.[4]Azramezani Kopi T, Shahrokh S, Mirzaei S, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Amini Kadijani A. The role of serum calprotectin as a novel biomarker in inflammatory bowel diseases: a review study. Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench. 2019;12(3):183-189.Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

scholarly journals Sports Participation in Youth With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: The Role of Disease Activity and Subjective Physical Health Symptoms

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Neff Greenley ◽  
Jessica P Naftaly ◽  
Rachel J Walker ◽  
Michael D Kappelman ◽  
Christopher F Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Health Symptoms ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

scholarly journals Vitamin D in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Implications

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 269
Author(s):  
Filippo Vernia ◽  
Marco Valvano ◽  
Salvatore Longo ◽  
Nicola Cesaro ◽  
Angelo Viscido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Disease Activity ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Mechanisms Of Action ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

(1) Background: Vitamin D is an immunoregulatory factor influencing intestinal homeostasis. Recent evidence supports a central role of this micronutrient in the course of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD). This narrative review aims to provide a general overview of the possible biological mechanisms of action of vitamin D and its therapeutic implications in IBD. (2) Methods: A systematic electronic search of the English literature up to October 2021 was performed using Medline and the Cochrane Library. Only papers written in English that analyzed the role of vitamin D in IBD were included. (3) Results: In vitro and animal studies reported that vitamin D signaling improves epithelial barrier integrity regulating the expression of several junctional proteins, defensins, and mucins, modulates the inflammatory response, and affects gut microbiome composition. Recent studies also suggest that vitamin D deficiency is highly prevalent among IBD patients and that low serum levels correlate with disease activity and, less clearly, with disease course. (4) Conclusions: An increasing body of evidence suggests some role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of IBD, nonetheless the underlying mechanisms have been so far only partially elucidated. A strong correlation with disease activity has been reported but its implication in the treatment is still undefined. Thus, studies focused on this issue, the definition of vitamin D levels responsible for clinical effects, and the potential role of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent are strongly encouraged.

scholarly journals The Role of Enterobacteriaceae in Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Valerio Baldelli ◽  
Franco Scaldaferri ◽  
Lorenza Putignani ◽  
Federica Del Chierico
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
Symbiotic Microbiota ◽  
Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic gastrointestinal inflammatory diseases with unknown etiology. There is a combination of well documented factors in their pathogenesis, including intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. The symbiotic microbiota plays important functions in the host, and the loss of beneficial microbes could favor the expansion of microbial pathobionts. In particular, the bloom of potentially harmful Proteobacteria, especially Enterobacteriaceae, has been described as enhancing the inflammatory response, as observed in IBDs. Herein, we seek to investigate the contribution of Enterobacteriaceae to IBD pathogenesis whilst considering the continuous expansion of the literature and data. Despite the mechanism of their expansion still remaining unclear, their expansion could be correlated with the increase in nitrate and oxygen levels in the inflamed gut and with the bile acid dysmetabolism described in IBD patients. Furthermore, in several Enterobacteriaceae studies conducted at a species level, it has been suggested that some adherent-invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) play an important role in IBD pathogenesis. Overall, this review highlights the pivotal role played by Enterobacteriaceae in gut dysbiosis associated with IBD pathogenesis and progression.

scholarly journals The Role of Carrageenan in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Allergic Reactions: Where Do We Stand?

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 3402
Author(s):  
Barbara Borsani ◽  
Raffaella De Santis ◽  
Veronica Perico ◽  
Francesca Penagini ◽  
Erica Pendezza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Gelling Agent ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Bowel Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Carrageenan (CGN) is a high molecular weight polysaccharide extracted from red seaweeds, composed of D-galactose residues linked in β-1,4 and α-1,3 galactose-galactose bond, widely used as a food additive in processed foods for its properties as a thickener, gelling agent, emulsifier, and stabilizer. In recent years, with the spread of the Western diet (WD), its consumption has increased. Nonetheless, there is a debate on its safety. CGN is extensively used as an inflammatory and adjuvant agent in vitro and in animal experimental models for the investigation of immune processes or to assess the activity of anti-inflammatory drugs. CGN can activate the innate immune pathways of inflammation, alter the gut microbiota composition and the thickness of the mucus barrier. Clinical evidence suggests that CGN is involved in the pathogenesis and clinical management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), indeed food-exclusion diets can be an effective therapy for disease remission. Moreover, specific IgE to the oligosaccharide α-Gal has been associated with allergic reactions commonly referred to as the “α-Gal syndrome”. This review aims to discuss the role of carrageenan in inflammatory bowel diseases and allergic reactions following the current evidence. Furthermore, as no definitive data are available on the safety and the effects of CGN, we suggest gaps to be filled and advise to limit the human exposure to CGN by reducing the consumption of ultra-processed foods.

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