scholarly journals In vitro developmental potential of macaque oocytes, derived from unstimulated ovaries, following maturation in the presence of glutathione ethyl ester

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 2465-2474 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Curnow ◽  
J. P. Ryan ◽  
D. M. Saunders ◽  
E. S. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Developmental Potential

scholarly journals Glutathione Ethyl Ester Protects In Vitro-Maturing Bovine Oocytes against Oxidative Stress Induced by Subsequent Vitrification/Warming

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (20) ◽  
pp. 7547
Author(s):  
Tania García-Martínez ◽  
Meritxell Vendrell-Flotats ◽  
Iris Martínez-Rodero ◽  
Erika Alina Ordóñez-León ◽  
Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Mitochondrial Activity ◽  
Cell Stage ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Mitochondrial Distribution ◽  
Targeted Gene Expression ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

This study aimed to examine whether the addition of glutathione ethyl ester (GSH-OEt) to the in vitro maturation (IVM) medium would improve the resilience of bovine oocytes to withstand vitrification. The effects of GSH-OEt on spindle morphology, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial activity and distribution, and embryo developmental potential were assessed together with the expression of genes with a role in apoptosis (BAX, BCL2), oxidative-stress pathways (GPX1, SOD1), water channels (AQP3), implantation (IFN-τ) and gap junctions (CX43) in oocytes and their derived blastocysts. Vitrification gave rise to abnormal spindle microtubule configurations and elevated ROS levels. Supplementation of IVM medium with GSH-OEt before vitrification preserved mitochondrial distribution pattern and diminished both cytoplasmic and mitochondrial ROS contents and percentages of embryos developing beyond the 8-cell stage were similar to those recorded in fresh non-vitrified oocytes. Although not significantly different from control vitrified oocytes, vitrified oocytes after GSH-OEt treatment gave rise to similar day 8-blastocyst and hatching rates to fresh non-vitrified oocytes. No effects of GSH-OEt supplementation were noted on the targeted gene expression of oocytes and derived blastocysts, with the exception of GPX1, AQP3 and CX43 in derived blastocysts. The addition of GSH-OEt to the IVM medium before vitrification may be beneficial for embryo development presumably as the consequence of additional anti-oxidant protection during IVM.

Developmental potential of bovine oocytes following IVM in the presence of glutathione ethyl ester

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Curnow ◽  
J. P. Ryan ◽  
D. M. Saunders ◽  
E. S. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Buthionine Sulfoximine ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

Glutathione (GSH) is synthesised during oocyte maturation and represents the oocyte’s main non-enzymatic defence against oxidative stress. Inadequate defence against oxidative stress may be related to poor embryo quality and viability. In the present study, bovine oocytes were matured in vitro in the presence of GSH ethyl ester (GSH-OEt), a cell permeable GSH donor, and its effects on subsequent fertilisation and embryo development were assessed. GSH-OEt significantly increased the GSH content of IVM oocytes without affecting fertilisation or Day 3 cleavage rates. Maturation in the presence of GSH-OEt did not significantly increase the blastocyst rate compared with control oocytes. However, 5 mM GSH-OEt treatment resulted in significantly higher blastocyst total cell number. The GSH level of IVM oocytes was significantly decreased in the absence of cumulus cells and when cumulus–oocyte complexes were cultured in the presence of buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), an inhibitor of GSH synthesis. The addition of GSH-OEt to cumulus-denuded or BSO-treated oocytes increased the GSH content of bovine oocytes and restored the rate of normal fertilisation, but not embryo development, to levels seen in control oocytes. Thus, GSH-OEt represents a novel approach for effective in vitro elevation of bovine oocyte GSH and improvement in blastocyst cell number.

Sonochemical synthesis of 2-substituted nicotinic acid ethyl ester derivatives: their in vitro and in silico evaluation against SIRT1

2021 ◽  
pp. 131069
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar Challa ◽  
Naresh Kumar Katari ◽  
Varadacharyulu Nallanchakravarthula ◽  
Devanna Nayakanti ◽  
Ravikumar Kapavarapu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nicotinic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Ester ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Sonochemical Synthesis

In vitro and in vivo antimelanoma effect of ethyl ester cyclohexyl analog of ethylenediamine dipropanoic acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andjelka M. Isakovic ◽  
Sasa M. Petricevic ◽  
Slavica M. Ristic ◽  
Dusan M. Popadic ◽  
Tamara K. Kravic-Stevovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Ester

P–219 mtDNA content in bovine cumulus cells does not predict oocytés developmental competence

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Á Martíne. Moro ◽  
I Lamas-Toranzo ◽  
L González-Brusi ◽  
A Pérez-Gómez ◽  
P Bermejo-Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Cumulus Cell ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Oocyte Quality ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Early Embryo ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Mtdna Sequence

Abstract Study question Does cumulus cell mtDNA content correlate with oocyte developmental potential in the bovine model? Summary answer The relative amount of mtDNA content did not vary significantly in oocytes showing different developmental outcomes following IVF What is known already Cumulus cells are closely connected to the oocyte through transzonal projections, serving essential metabolic functions during folliculogenesis. These oocyte-supporting cells are removed and discarded prior to ICSI, thereby constituting an interesting biological material on which to perform molecular analysis aimed to predict oocyte developmental competence. Previous studies have positively associated oocytés mtDNA content with developmental potential in both animal models and women. However, it remains debatable whether mtDNA content in cumulus cells could be used as a proxy to infer oocyte developmental potential. Study design, size, duration Bovine cumulus cells were allocated into three groups according to the developmental potential of the oocyte: 1) oocytes developing to blastocysts following IVF (Bl+Cl+), 2) oocytes cleaving following IVF but arresting their development prior to the blastocyst stage (Bl-Cl+), and 3) oocytes not cleaving following IVF (Bl-Cl-). Relative mtDNA content was analysed in 40 samples/group, each composed by the cumulus cells from one cumulus-oocyte complex (COC). Participants/materials, setting, methods Bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes were obtained from slaughtered cattle and individually matured in vitro (IVM). Following IVM, cumulus cells were removed by hyaluronidase treatment, pelleted, snap frozen in liquid nitrogen and stored at –80 ºC until analysis. Cumulus-free oocytes were fertilized and cultured in vitro individually and development was recorded for each oocyte. Relative mtDNA abundance was determined by qPCR, amplifying a mtDNA sequence (COX1) and a chromosomal sequence (PPIA). Statistical differences were tested by ANOVA. Main results and the role of chance Relative mtDNA abundance did not differ significantly (ANOVA p > 0.05) between the three groups exhibiting different developmental potential (1±0.06 vs. 1.19±0.05 vs. 1.11±0.05, for Bl+Cl+ vs. Bl-Cl+ vs. Bl-Cl-, mean±s.e.m.). Limitations, reasons for caution Experiments were conducted in the bovine model. Although bovine folliculogenesis, monoovulatory ovulation and early embryo development exhibit considerable similarities with that of humans, caution should be taken when extrapolating these data to humans. Wider implications of the findings: The use of molecular markers for oocyte developmental potential in cumulus cells could be used to enhance success rates following single-embryo transfer. Unfortunately, mtDNA in cumulus cells was not found to be a good proxy for oocyte quality. Trial registration number Not applicable

The neural crest population responding to endothelin-3 in vitro includes multipotent cells

1997 ◽  
Vol 110 (14) ◽  
pp. 1673-1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.G. Stone ◽  
L.I. Spirling ◽  
M.K. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Colony Assay ◽  
Cellular Targets ◽  
Multipotent Cells ◽  
Endothelin 3

The peptide endothelin 3 (EDN3) is essential for normal neural crest development in vivo, and is a potent mitogen for quail truncal crest cells in vitro. It is not known which subpopulations of crest cells are targets for this response, although it has been suggested that EDN3 is selective for melanoblasts. In the absence of cell markers for different precursor types in the quail crest, we have characterised EDN3-responsive cell types using in vitro colony assay and clonal analysis. Colonies were analysed for the presence of Schwann cells, melanocytes, adrenergic cells or sensory-like cells. We provide for the first time a description of the temporal pattern of lineage segregation in neural crest cultures. In the absence of exogenous EDN3, crest cells proliferate and then differentiate. Colony assay indicates that in these differentiated cultures few undifferentiated precursors remain and there is a low replating efficiency. By contrast, in the presence of 100 ng/ml EDN3 differentiation is inhibited and most of the cells maintain the ability to give rise to mixed colonies and clones containing neural crest derivatives. A high replating efficiency is maintained. In secondary culture there was a progressive decline in the number of cell types per colony in control medium. This loss of developmental potential was not seen when exogenous EDN3 was present. Cell type analysis suggests two novel cellular targets for EDN3 under these conditions. Contrary to expectations, one is a multipotent precursor whose descendants include melanocytes, adrenergic cells and sensory-like cells; the other can give rise to melanocytes and Schwann cells. Our data do not support previous claims that the action of EDN3 in neural crest culture is selective for cells in the melanocyte lineage.

Developmental potential of neural crest-derived cells migrating from segments of developing quail bowel back-grafted into younger chick host embryos

Development ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.P. Rothman ◽  
N.M. Le Douarin ◽  
J.C. Fontaine-Perus ◽  
M.D. Gershon
Keyword(s):  
Neural Crest ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Sympathetic Ganglia ◽  
Limb Bud ◽  
Pigment Cells ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Migratory Experience ◽  
Host Embryo

The technique of back-transplantation was used to investigate the developmental potential of neural crest-derived cells that have migrated to and colonized the avian bowel. Segments of quail bowel (removed at E4) were grafted between the somites and neural tube of younger (E2) chick host embryos. Grafts were placed at a truncal level, adjacent to somites 14–24. Initial experiments, done in vitro, confirmed that crest-derived cells are capable of migrating out of segments of foregut explanted at E4. The foregut, which at E4 has been colonized by cells derived from the vagal crest, served as the donor tissue. Comparative observations were made following grafts of control tissues, which included hindgut, lung primordia, mesonephros and limb bud. Additional experiments were done with chimeric bowel in which only the crest-derived cells were of quail origin. Targets in the host embryos colonized by crest-derived cells from the foregut grafts included the neural tube, spinal roots and ganglia, peripheral nerves, sympathetic ganglia and the adrenals, but not the gut. Donor cells in these target organs were immunostained by the monoclonal antibody, NC-1, indicating that they were crest-derived and developing along neural or glial lineages. Some of the crest-derived cells (NC-1-immunoreactive) that left the bowel and reached sympathetic ganglia, but not peripheral nerves or dorsal root ganglia, co-expressed tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity, a neural characteristic never expressed by crest-derived cells in the avian gut. None of the cells leaving enteric back-grafts produced pigment. Cells of mesodermal origin were also found to leave donor explants and aggregate in dermis and feather germs near the grafts. These observations indicate that crest-derived cells, having previously migrated to the bowel, retain the ability to migrate to distant sites in a younger embryo. The routes taken by these cells appear to reflect, not their previous migratory experience, but the level of the host embryo into which the graft is placed. Some of the population of crest-derived cells that leave the back-transplanted gut remain capable of expressing phenotypes that they do not express within the bowel in situ, but which are appropriate for the site in the host embryo to which they migrate.

The responsiveness of embryonic stem cells to alpha and beta interferons provides the basis of an inducible expression system for analysis of developmental control genes

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 7971-7976
Author(s):  
L M Whyatt ◽  
A Düwel ◽  
A G Smith ◽  
P D Rathjen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Es Cells ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Embryonic Stem ◽  
Expression Vectors ◽  
Developmental Control ◽  
Developmental Potential

Embryonic stem (ES) cells, derived from the inner cell mass of the preimplantation mouse embryo, are used increasingly as an experimental tool for the investigation of early mammalian development. The differentiation of these cells in vitro can be used as an assay for factors that regulate early developmental decisions in the embryo, while the effects of altered gene expression during early embryogenesis can be analyzed in chimeric mice generated from modified ES cells. The experimental versatility of ES cells would be significantly increased by the development of systems which allow precise control of heterologous gene expression. In this paper, we report that ES cells are responsive to alpha and beta interferons (IFNs). This property has been exploited for the development of inducible ES cell expression vectors, using the promoter of the human IFN-inducible gene, 6-16. The properties of these vectors have been analyzed in both transiently and stably transfected ES cells. Expression was minimal or absent in unstimulated ES cells, could be stimulated up to 100-fold by treatment of the cells with IFN, and increased in linear fashion with increasing levels of IFN. High levels of induced expression were maintained for extended periods of time in the continuous presence of the inducing signal or following a 12-h pulse with IFN. Treatment of ES cells with IFN did not affect their growth or differentiation in vitro or compromise their developmental potential. This combination of features makes the 6-16-based expression vectors suitable for the functional analysis of developmental control control genes in ES cells.

Abstract 255: A Fibroblast Population Shares A Developmental Origin With Cardiovascular Lineages

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Ranjbarvaziri ◽  
Shah Ali ◽  
Mahmood Talkhabi ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Young-Jae Nam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Development ◽  
Cardiac Fibroblasts ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Mouse Heart ◽  
Developmental Potential ◽  
Reporter Mice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Definition Of

Rationale: The traditional definition of “cardiovascular” lineages describes the eponymous cell types - cardiomyoctes, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells - that arise from a common mesodermal progenitor cell during heart development. Fibroblasts are an abundant mesenchymal population in the mammalian heart which may have multiple, discrete developmental origins. Mesp1 represents the earliest marker of cardiovascular progenitors, contributing to the majority of cardiac lineages. To date no link between Mesp1 and fibroblast generation has been reported. Objective: We hypothesized progenitor cells expressing Mesp1 can also give rise to cardiac fibroblasts during heart development. Methods and Results: We generated Mesp1cre/+;R26RmTmG reporter mice where Cre-mediated recombination results in GFP activation in all Mesp1 expressing cells and their progeny. To explore their developmental potential, we isolated GFP+ cells from E7.5 Mesp1cre/+;R26RmTmG mouse. In vitro culture and transplantation studies into SCID mouse kidney capsule as wells as chick embryos showed fibroblastic adoption. Results showed that at E9.5 Mesp1+ and Mesp1- progenitors contributed to the proepicardium organ and later at E11.5 they formed epicardium. Analysis of adult hearts demonstrated that the majority of cardiac fibroblasts are derived from Mesp1 expressing cells. Immunohistochemical analysis of heart sections demonstrated expression of fibroblast markers (including DDR2, PDGFRα and Col1) in cells derived from both Mesp1+ and Mesp1- progenitors. Additionally, we investigated whether the two distinct fibroblast populations have different potency towards reprogramming to cardiomyocytes. Results showed no significant difference between Mesp1 and non-Mesp1 isolated fibroblasts to convert to cardiomyocyte fate. Conclusions: Our data demonstrates that cardiovascular progenitors expressing Mesp1 contribute to the proepicardium. These cells, as cardiovascular progenitors, also give rise to the highest portion of cardiac fibroblasts in the mouse heart.

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