scholarly journals Predicting aneuploidy in human oocytes: key factors which affect the meiotic process

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 2374-2386 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gianaroli ◽  
M. C. Magli ◽  
G. Cavallini ◽  
A. Crippa ◽  
A. Capoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Factors ◽  
Meiotic Process ◽  
Human Oocytes

scholarly journals Pairing and synapsis in oocytes from female fetuses with euploid and aneuploid chromosome complements

Reproduction ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 133 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Robles ◽  
I Roig ◽  
R Garcia ◽  
A Ortega ◽  
J Egozcue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
X Chromosome ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Extra Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome 21 ◽  
Pachytene Stage ◽  
Meiotic Process ◽  
Human Oocytes ◽  
Meiotic Progression ◽  
Aneuploid Chromosome

Only little is known about the meiotic prophase events in human oocytes, although some of them are involved in the origin of aneuploidies. Here, a broad study of the pairing and synaptic processes in 3263 human euploid and 2613 aneuploid oocytes (47,XX, +21 and 47,XX, +13), using different techniques and methods, is presented in order to elucidate the characteristics of this essential meiotic process. Our results reaffirm the existence of a common high efficiency in the pairing process leading to the obtainment of a bivalent for all chromosomes studied in euploid and aneuploid cases. Nevertheless, this high efficiency was insufficient to consistently produce trivalents in aneuploid oocytes. Trivalent 21 was only observed in 48.8% of the 47,XX, +21 pachytene-stage oocytes studied, and trivalent 13 was found in 68.7% of the 47,XX, +13 pachytene-stage oocytes analyzed. Our data confirm the hypothesis which suggests that in human oocytes the presence of an extra chromosome could interfere in bouquet dynamics. In addition, the pairing process of the X chromosome is altered in trisomic 21 oocytes, providing evidence of the influence that an extra chromosome 21 may cause meiotic progression.

scholarly journals Human Blastocyst is Susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 Infection based on Protein Level Examination of Key Entry Factors in Human Oocytes and Early Embryos

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
xingping liu ◽  
Bing-xin Ma ◽  
Li-quan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Inner Cell Mass ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Blastocyst Stage ◽  
Preimplantation Embryos ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Human Oocytes ◽  
Human Blastocyst ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
Two Factors

Abstract Objective ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 are key factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we used immunofluorescence to examine the expression patterns of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 in human oocytes and different stages of preimplantation embryos to investigated the susceptibility to be infected by SARS-CoV-2.Methods We collected human GV oocytes and different stages of early embryos donated by patients and then performed immunofluorescence followed by confocal microscopy for signals of ACE2, TMPRSS2 and NRP1 proteins in these oocytes and embryos.Results We found that ACE2 was abundant in both inner cell mass and trophectoderm at blastocyst stage, while TMPRSS2 was mainly enriched in trophectoderm. Both of the two factors had faint signal in cleavage embryos and oocytes. In contrast, NRP1 was barely detectable in oocytes or any stage of early embryos. Conclusion Taken together, we propose that human blastocysts, instead of human oocytes and other stages of early embryos, are susceptible to be infected by SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, specific attention should be paid to manipulation of human blastocysts in assisted reproductive technology.

Digital imaging and quantitative image analysis of polymer blends

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Polymer Science ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Multiple Imaging ◽  
Quantitative Image ◽  
Digital Imaging Systems ◽  
Multi Phase ◽  
Network Technologies

Polymer microscopy involves multiple imaging techniques. Speed, simplicity, and productivity are key factors in running an industrial polymer microscopy lab. In polymer science, the morphology of a multi-phase blend is often the link between process and properties. The extent to which the researcher can quantify the morphology determines the strength of the link. To aid the polymer microscopist in these tasks, digital imaging systems are becoming more prevalent. Advances in computers, digital imaging hardware and software, and network technologies have made it possible to implement digital imaging systems in industrial microscopy labs.

Nonspecific Chronic Back Pain: Sixth Edition Approaches

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
Jay Blaisdell ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Back Pain ◽  
Intervertebral Disk ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Intervertebral Disk Herniation ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Ratings for “non-specific chronic, or chronic reoccurring, back pain” are based on the diagnosis-based impairment method whereby an impairment class, usually representing a range of impairment values within a cell of a grid, is selected by diagnosis and “specific criteria” (key factors). Within the impairment class, the default impairment value then can be modified using non-key factors or “grade modifiers” such as functional history, physical examination, and clinical studies using the net adjustment formula. The diagnosis of “nonspecific chronic, or chronic reoccurring, back pain” can be rated in class 0 and 1; the former has a default value of 0%, and the latter has a default value of 2% before any modifications. The key concept here is that the physician believes that the patient is experiencing pain, yet there are no related objective findings, most notably radiculopathy as distinguished from “nonverifiable radicular complaints.” If the individual is found not to have radiculopathy and the medical record shows that the patient has never had clinically verifiable radiculopathy, then the diagnosis of “intervertebral disk herniation and/or AOMSI [alteration of motion segment integrity] cannot be used.” If the patient is asymptomatic at maximum medical improvement, then impairment Class 0 should be chosen, not Class 1; a final whole person impairment rating of 1% indicates incorrect use of the methodology.

Critical Success Factors in Russian R&D Projects in the Real Economy

2010 ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
V. Andreev
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Real Economy ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Industrial Products ◽  
Successful Development ◽  
The Real ◽  
Critical Success

The article discusses the concept of "success" in relation to innovative business and its performance. The quantity of innovative projects that can consistently overcome the stages of the innovation process to achieve the desired result is defined. The author presents the results of empirical research of successful and unsuccessful projects of leading Russian innovative companies in various industries, identifies key factors of successful development of new industrial products.

Secular stagnation in the modern world

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Drobyshevsky ◽  
P. V. Trunin ◽  
A. V. Bozhechkova
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Japanese Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Destruction Process ◽  
Secular Stagnation ◽  
The Impact

The paper studies the factors of secular stagnation. Key factors of long-term slowdown in economic growth include the slowdown of technological development, aging population, human capital accumulation limits, high public debt, creative destruction process violation etc. The authors analyze key theoretical aspects of long-term stagnation and study the impact of these factors on Japanies economy. The authors conclude that most of the factors have significant influence on the Japanese economy for recent decades, but they cannot explain all dynamics. For Russia, on the contrary, we do not see any grounds for considering the decline in the economy since 2013 as an episode of secular stagnation.

RUA Method. Method for Ensuring the Safety of Work for Chemical and Petrochemical Industries

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-53
Author(s):  
M. S. Belov
Keyword(s):  
Key Factors ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Safety Protection ◽  
Vision Zero ◽  
Petrochemical Industries

In order to assess the risks and determine the optimal actions to ensure the safety of work at chemical and petrochemical plants, a method has been developed that allows identifying operations that require optimization and the introduction of additional protective measures. A brief overview of the key factors that affect the safety and effectiveness of operations is provided. The method is based on the concept of zero injuries — Vision Zero, which assumes that absolutely all accidents at work can be prevented. This method is necessary for a deeper analysis of production operations and improving the level of safety protection.

Strategi Pengelolaan Risiko dan Peningkatan Kualitas Pengelolaan Kas Negara

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
Agung Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
Financial Risk ◽  
Vector Autoregression ◽  
Secondary Market ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Bond Price ◽  
Hedging Strategy ◽  
Foreign Loan ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Loan Interest Rates

Cash management is  one of treasury’s main functions in which has a potential financial risk. A potential financial risk emerges when State Treasurer manages cash surplus and or/ shortages in order to maintain optimum liquidity. By applying Vector Autoregression (VAR) system on empirical data provided by Bank Indonesia and the Ministry of Finance of Indonesia, we found that currency value  flunctuation is a significant factor for repayment value of foreign loan. Interest rates and amount of government’s bond held by foreign investors are also variables impacted on government’s bond price movement in secondary market. Currency value  flunctuation and price of government’s bond in secondary market are the key factors that have to be considered by State Treasurer (BUN) in managing state’s money. Hedging strategy by using derivatif product is possible to be utilized by State Treasurer (BUN) due to it’s flexibility for short-term operation.   Abstrak Pengelolaan kas negara merupakan salah satu fungsi pokok perbendaharaan yang dalam proses pelaksanaannya menyimpan potensi berbagai risiko keuangan. Risiko keuangan, khususnya dalam investasi berpotensi muncul ketika Bendahara Umum Negara (BUN) melakukan kegiatan pengelolaan kelebihan dan/ kekurangan kas dalam rangka menjamin ketersediaan dan optimalisasi kas. Dengan menggunakan analisis Vector Autoregression (VAR) atas data empiris yang diperoleh dari Bank Indonesia dan Kementerian Keuangan Indonesia, penulis menemukan bahwa fluktuasi nilai tukar mata uang merupakan faktor yang signifikan terhadap besaran pembayaran utang luar negeri pemerintah. Tingkat suku bunga acuan dan pergerakan besaran kepemilikan SUN oleh investor asing juga merupakan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap pergerakan harga SUN di pasar sekunder. Fluktuasi nilai tukar mata uang dan pergerakan harga SUN di pasar sekunder menjadi faktor penting dalam pelaksanaan investasi yang dilakukan BUN dalam rangka pengelolaan kelebihan dan/ kekurangan kas. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, strategi pengelolaan risiko atau hedging dengan menggunakan produk-produk derivatif dalam pengelolaan kelebihan dan/ kekurangan kas jangka pendek – menengah sangat dimungkinkan karena sifat instrumen derivatif yang fleksibel.

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