scholarly journals Oocyte activation ability correlates with head flatness and presence of perinuclear theca substance in human and mouse sperm

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 2588-2595 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ito ◽  
H. Akutsu ◽  
R. Yao ◽  
K. Kyono ◽  
F. Suzuki-Toyota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oocyte Activation ◽  
Mouse Sperm ◽  
Perinuclear Theca ◽  
Human And Mouse

Abundant alkali-sensitive sites in DNA of human and mouse sperm

1989 ◽  
Vol 184 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra P. Singh ◽  
David B. Danner ◽  
Raymond R. Tice ◽  
Michael T. McCoy ◽  
Gary D. Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Sperm ◽  
Human And Mouse

scholarly journals Disruption in ACTL7A causes acrosomal ultrastructural defects in human and mouse sperm as a novel male factor inducing early embryonic arrest

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (35) ◽  
pp. eaaz4796
Author(s):  
Aijie Xin ◽  
Ronggui Qu ◽  
Guowu Chen ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Junling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Semen Analysis ◽  
Oocyte Activation ◽  
Male Factor ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
Embryonic Arrest ◽  
Future Practice ◽  
Human And Mouse

Early embryonic arrest is a challenge for in vitro fertilization (IVF). No genetic factors were previously revealed in the sperm-derived arrest of embryonic development. Here, we reported two infertile brothers presenting normal in conventional semen analysis, but both couples had no embryos for transfer after several IVF and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Whole-exome sequencing identified a homozygous missense mutation of ACTL7A in both brothers. This mutation is deleterious and causes sperm acrosomal ultrastructural defects. The Actl7a knock-in mouse model was generated, and male mutated mice showed sperm acrosomal defects, which were completely consistent with the observations in patients. Furthermore, the sperm from ACTL7A/Actl7a-mutated men and mice showed reduced expression and abnormal localization of PLCζ as a potential cause of embryonic arrest and failure of fertilization. Artificial oocyte activation could successfully overcome the Actl7a-mutated sperm-derived infertility, which is meaningful in the future practice of IVF/ICSI for the ACTL7A-associated male infertility.

scholarly journals FAM209 associates with DPY19L2 and is required for sperm acrosome biogenesis and fertility in mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julio M. Castaneda ◽  
Keisuke Shimada ◽  
Yuhkoh Satouh ◽  
Zhifeng Yu ◽  
Masahito Ikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Transmembrane Protein ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Mouse Sperm ◽  
Inner Nuclear Membrane ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Human And Mouse

Infertility afflicts up to 15% of couples globally each year with men a contributing factor in half of these cases. Globozoospermia is a rare condition found in infertile men that is characterized by defective acrosome biogenesis leading to the production of round shaped sperm. Here, we report a novel gene, Fam209 (Family with sequence similarity 209), that is required for acrosome biogenesis in mouse sperm. FAM209 is a small transmembrane protein conserved among mammals. Loss of Fam209 result in fertility defects secondary to abnormalities in acrosome biogenesis during spermiogenesis reminiscent of globozoospermia. Proteomic analysis of the FAM209 proteome identified DPY19L2, a protein involved in the majority of globozoospermia cases. While mutations in human and mouse DPY19L2 have been shown to cause globozoospermia, no in vivo interacting partners of DPY19L2 have been identified until now. FAM209 colocalizes with DPY19L2 to the inner nuclear membrane to maintain the developing acrosome. This report identifies FAM209 as the first interacting partner of DPY19L2 and the second protein that is essential for acrosome biogenesis and that co-localizes with DPY19L2 to the inner nuclear membrane.

scholarly journals Conserved Mechanism of Bicarbonate-Induced Sensitization of CatSper Channels in Human and Mouse Sperm

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan J. Ferreira ◽  
Pascale Lybaert ◽  
Lis C. Puga-Molina ◽  
Celia M. Santi
Keyword(s):  
Human Sperm ◽  
Membrane Depolarization ◽  
Concentration Increase ◽  
Epididymal Sperm ◽  
Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase ◽  
Mouse Sperm ◽  
Intracellular Ca ◽  
Sperm Membrane ◽  
Human And Mouse ◽  
Kinase A

To fertilize an egg, mammalian sperm must undergo capacitation in the female genital tract. A key contributor to capacitation is the calcium (Ca2+) channel CatSper, which is activated by membrane depolarization and intracellular alkalinization. In mouse epididymal sperm, membrane depolarization by exposure to high KCl triggers Ca2+ entry through CatSper only in alkaline conditions (pH 8.6) or after in vitro incubation with bicarbonate (HCO3–) and bovine serum albumin (capacitating conditions). However, in ejaculated human sperm, membrane depolarization triggers Ca2+ entry through CatSper in non-capacitating conditions and at lower pH (< pH 7.4) than is required in mouse sperm. Here, we aimed to determine the mechanism(s) by which CatSper is activated in mouse and human sperm. We exposed ejaculated mouse and human sperm to high KCl to depolarize the membrane and found that intracellular Ca2+ concentration increased at pH 7.4 in sperm from both species. Conversely, intracellular Ca2+ concentration did not increase under these conditions in mouse epididymal or human epididymal sperm. Furthermore, pre-incubation with HCO3– triggered an intracellular Ca2+ concentration increase in response to KCl in human epididymal sperm. Treatment with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors during exposure to HCO3– inhibited Ca2+ concentration increases in mouse epididymal sperm and in both mouse and human ejaculated sperm. Finally, we show that soluble adenylyl cyclase and increased intracellular pH are required for the intracellular Ca2+ concentration increase in both human and mouse sperm. In summary, our results suggest that a conserved mechanism of activation of CatSper channels is present in both human and mouse sperm. In this mechanism, HCO3– in semen activates the soluble adenylyl cyclase/protein kinase A pathway, which leads to increased intracellular pH and sensitizes CatSper channels to respond to membrane depolarization to allow Ca2+ influx. This indirect mechanism of CatSper sensitization might be an early event capacitation that occurs as soon as the sperm contact the semen.

scholarly journals Cytochemical detection of hyaluronidase activity in single human and mouse sperm by an improved substrate-film technique.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Waibel ◽  
L C Ginsberg ◽  
G Ficsor
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cells ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Human Sperm ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Male Germ Cells ◽  
Mouse Sperm ◽  
Hyaluronidase Activity ◽  
Film Method ◽  
Human And Mouse ◽  
Substrate Film

A substrate-film method is described that allows the detection of hyaluronidase activity in nearly 100% of single human and mouse sperm. The level of hyaluronidase activity as determined by halo diameters was greater in mouse than in human sperm. This simple method may have use as a screening method for identifying compounds that cause developmental or genetic defects in male germ cells, or for the diagnosis of infertility due to decreased hyaluronidase activity.

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