Research on human gamete and embryo transport in fallopian tubes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ertan Saridogan ◽  
M Ertan Kervancioglu ◽  
O Djahanbakhch
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Embryo Transport

The Effects of Estradiol on Chronically Damaged Human Fallopian Tubes: A SEM Study

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 648-649
Author(s):  
A. Toledo ◽  
G. Stoelk ◽  
M. Yussman ◽  
R.P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Secretory Cell ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Proliferative Phase ◽  
Cyclic Patterns ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
The U.S

Today it is estimated that one of every three women in the U.S. will have problems achieving pregnancy. 20-30% of these women will have some form of oviductal problems as the etiology of their infertility. Chronically damaged oviducts present problems with loss of both ciliary and microvillar epithelial cell surfaces. Estradiol is known to influence cyclic patterns in secretory cell microvilli and tubal ciliogenesis, The purpose of this study was to assess whether estrogen therapy could stimulate ciliogenesis in chronically damaged human fallopian tubes.Tissues from large hydrosalpinges were obtained from six women undergoing tuboplastic repair while in the early proliferative phase of fheir menstrual cycle. In each case the damaged tissue was rinsed in heparinized Ringers-lactate and quartered.

Localization of oxytocin and neurophysin in baboon (Papio anubis) corpus luteum by immunocytochemistry

1986 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Firyal S. Khan-Dawood
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Rabbit Serum ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Normal Rabbit Serum ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Luteal Cells ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
Immunocytochemical Reaction

Abstract. Immunoreactive oxytocin is detectable in the corpora lutea of women and cynomolgus monkeys by radioimmunoassay. To localize the presence of oxytocin and neurophysin I in ovarian tissues of subhuman primates, three corpora lutea and ovarian stromal tissues and two Fallopian tubes obtained during the menstrual cycle of the baboon and decidua from two pregnant baboons were examined using highly specific antisera against either oxytocin or neurophysin I and preoxidase-antiperoxidase light microscopy immunohistochemistry. Oxytocin-like as well as neurophysin I-like immunoreactivities were found in some cells of all the corpora lutea only, but could not be demonstrated in ovarian stromal tissues, Fallopian tubes and decidua. Specificity of the immunocytochemical reaction was further confirmed by immunoabsorption of the antiserum with excess oxytocin or neurophysin, after which the immunoreactivities for both oxytocin and neurophysin in the luteal tissue were negative. Similar controls using normal rabbit serum gave no positive staining for either oxytocin or neurophysin. Counterstaining of the positive immunoreactivities for oxytocin and neurophysin I with Mayer's haematoxylin and eosin demonstrated clearly that the oxytocin and neurophysin I appeared as granular material mainly within the cytoplasm of the luteal cells. The localization of immunoreactive oxytocin and neurophysin I in the corpus luteum of the baboon demonstrates directly the presence of these two neurohypophysial peptides within primate luteal cells and suggests their local production.

Fallopian tubes and ovarian cancer (Literature review)

2019 ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
D.G. Sumtsov ◽  
◽  
M.L. Kusyomenska ◽  
G.A. Sumtsov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Serous Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Key Words Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Pelvic Peritoneum ◽  
Opportunistic Salpingectomy

In the literature review the authors present an analysis of the current stateproblem of ovarian cancer and ways of its possible solution. According to clinicalobservations and conducted in recent decades by morphological,immunohistochemical and molecular genetic studies it is fairly proved that theprimary cause of serous ovarian cancer is the pathology of the mucous layer offallopian tube. In the fallopian tube as a result of ciculation of inflammation andcarcinogens elements arises dysplasia of the mucosa with the development of thepreinvasive and initial invasive carcinoma with subsequent damage of the ovariesand pelvic peritoneum. Retrospective studies of a significant number of women’shealth status who had a deligation or removal of fallopian tubes in previous years showed a decrease in the disease incidence of serous ovarian cancer from 30 to 90%. The conclusions about the possibility of preventive measures of ovariancancer by opportunistic salpingectomy at post-productive age are made. In many world countries (Canada, China, France, Italy, Austria) the introduction of such a method of prevention has been started. We believe that in Ukraine there is an urgent need and all possibilities to solve this problem. Key words: ovarian cancer, preventive measures, opportunistic salpingectomy.

Women’s Infertility - A Ayurvedic thought

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonalika Hiremath ◽  
Santhosh Kumar S. ◽  
Sridevi Swamy
Keyword(s):  
Uterine Fibroid ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
The State ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance ◽  
Males And Females

Infertility primarily refers to the biological inability of a person to contribute to conception. In women, it may also refer to the state when she is not able to carry a pregnancy to its full term. Female infertility is caused due to structural problems like blocked Fallopian tubes, defect in cervical canal, uterine fibroid or polyps. Hormonal imbalance leading .ovulation problems too can cause infertility. From Ayurvedic perspectives, Shukra Dhatu can get affected by various physical, mental causes and even by serious diseases. Poor quality Shukra Dhatu can cause infertility in males and females.

scholarly journals Successful laparoscopic resection of ovarian abscess caused by Staphylococcus aureus in a 13-year-old girl: a case report and review of literature

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Murata ◽  
Yuta Endo ◽  
Shigenori Furukawa ◽  
Atsushi Ono ◽  
Yuichiroh Kiko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Laparoscopic Resection ◽  
Sexually Active ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Intact Uterus ◽  
Ovarian Abscess ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Ovarian abscesses, which occur mostly in sexually active women via recurrent salpingitis, occur rarely in virginal adolescent girls. Here, we present a case of an ovarian abscess in a virginal adolescent girl who was diagnosed and treated by laparoscopy. Case presentation A 13-year-old healthy girl presented with fever lasting for a month without abdominal pain. Computed tomography scan and magnetic resonance imaging indicated a right ovarian abscess. Laparoscopic surgery revealed a right ovarian abscess with intact uterus and fallopian tubes. The abscess was caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The patient recovered completely after excision of the abscess, followed by antibiotic treatment. Conclusions Ovarian abscess may occur in virginal adolescent girls; Staphylococcus aureus, an uncommon species causing ovarian abscess, may cause the infection.

scholarly journals Benign Ovarian Cysts with Raised CA-125 Levels: Do We Need to Evaluate the Fallopian Tubes?

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 276-280
Author(s):  
Devesh Sharma ◽  
Anjali Vinocha
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Ovarian Cyst ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Ca 125 ◽  
Ovarian Cysts ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Case Record ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen 125

Abstract Objectives It is not clearly known whether some benign (simple) ovarian cysts can convert into cancerous cysts. Size of cyst and wall abnormalities do predict the potentiality of malignancy. Not many studies have been done to explore the malignant potential of large-sized (> 5 cm) unilocular ovarian cysts without wall abnormalities. This study evaluated the correlation between ultrasonographic size of benign ovarian cysts and carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA-125) levels. Methodology Sixty (60) premenopausal women were recruited for the study preoperatively, based on transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) findings present in the case record sheet received along with the CA-125 sample in the biochemistry laboratories. Those cases with elevated CA-125 levels were selected, where patients had unilocular ovarian cysts without wall abnormalities. CA-125 was done using ECLIA methodology (Cobas e411, Germany). Statistical correlation was calculated between the ovarian cyst size and CA-125 levels using Spearman’s Rho coefficient. Results Mean age group of subjects were 29.7 ± 7.3 years and mean value of CA-125 (normal < 35 IU/mL) was found to be increased: 118.0 ± 147.1 IU/mL so was the mean diameter of cysts (cut off ≤ 5 cm): 48.6 ± 59.8 cm. No correlation was found between CA-125 levels and volume of ovarian cyst (r = 0.005, p = 0.680) for all subjects. Conclusions The lack of correlation between size of ovarian cysts and CA-125 levels provides a hint that the ovarian cyst epithelium does not directly express CA-125 and it may come from sites like the fallopian tube. Thus, raised level of CA-125 in benign ovarian cyst should be followed-up more closely, demanding assessment of fallopian tubes for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer. Also, algorithms can be explored to include size of ovarian cyst and CA 125 levels to predict ovarian cancer.

scholarly journals The History of the Discovery of Ectopic Epithelial Cells in Lower Peritoneal Organs: The So-Called Mucosal Invasion

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-84
Author(s):  
Marwan Habiba ◽  
Donatella Lippi ◽  
Giuseppe Benagiano
Keyword(s):  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Retrograde Menstruation ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Direct Infiltration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Stepwise Evolution ◽  
Ovarian Endometriomas ◽  
Scientific Endeavour

Through microscopy, early researchers identified the epithelium on the inner surfaces of the uterus, cervix and Fallopian tubes. The identification of ectopic epithelium was gradual, starting from the gross pathology study of unusual cystic lesions. Towards the end of the nineteenth century, attention focused on the epithelium as a critical component. The term ‘adenomyoma’ was coined around eighteen eighty to designate the majority of mucosa-containing lesions. Several theories were advanced to explain its aetiology. In the main, lesions were considered to arise from invasion from uterine epithelium; implantation of endometrium through retrograde menstruation; hematogenous or lymphatic spread; or from embryonic remnants. Although initially widely rejected, around 1920, an almost unanimous consensus formed on the endometrial nature of epithelial invasions. During the following years, adenomyosis and endometriosis came to be used to distinguished lesions within or outside the uterus. Adenomyosis was attributed to direct infiltration of uterine mucosa into the myometrium, and endometriosis to the implantation of endometrial cells and stroma into the peritoneal cavity through retrograde menstruation. Around the same time, ovarian lesions, initially described as ovarian hematomas or chocolate cysts, were regarded as a form of endometriosis. Three variants of endometriosis were thus described: superficial peritoneal, deep nodular and ovarian endometriomas. Ectopic epithelium has long been recognised as having similarities to tubal, or cervical epithelium. Lesions containing mixed epithelium are often termed Müllerianosis. This article demonstrates the stepwise evolution of knowledge, the role of the pioneers and the difficulties that needed to be overcome. It also demonstrates the value of collaboration and the inter-connected nature of the scientific endeavour.

scholarly journals Appendectomy and women’s reproductive outcomes: a review of the literature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Merlino ◽  
Alessandra Chiné ◽  
Giulia Carletti ◽  
Federica Del Prete ◽  
Massimo Codacci Pisanelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Population ◽  
Fluid Secretion ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Pelvic Surgery ◽  
Tubal Infertility ◽  
Peritoneal Adhesions ◽  
Relevant Risk Factor ◽  
Perforated Appendix ◽  
Embryo Transport ◽  
Possible Cause

Summary Background The most frequent abdominal surgery performed for benign disease in females of fertile age is appendectomy, which remains among the most common surgeries and is a possible cause of peritoneal adhesions. The fact that appendectomy can cause adhesions may lead one to think that this may be a relevant risk factor for infertility; however, there is no universal agreement regarding the association between appendectomy and fertility. The aim of this review is to evaluate weather appendectomy may have a relevant impact on female fertility. Methods The search was conducted in PubMed and there was no limitation set on the date of publication. All studies regarding populations of female patients who had undergone appendectomy for inflamed appendix, perforated appendix, or negative appendix between childhood and the end of the reproductive period were included. Results Some authors believe that pelvic surgery can cause adhesions which can potentially lead to tubal infertility by causing tubal obstruction or by altering motility of fimbriae, tubal fluid secretion, and embryo transport. On the other hand, the most recent evidence reported that removal of the appendix seems to be associated with an increased pregnancy rate in large population studies. Conclusion Despite the existence of contrasting opinions concerning fertility after appendectomy, the most recent evidence suggests that appendectomy may actually lead to improved fertility and decreased time to pregnancy. Appendectomy seems to be correlated with improved fertility and higher pregnancy rates.

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