scholarly journals Towards a Theory of Innovation Governance and the Role of IPRs

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-354
Author(s):  
Ove Granstrand
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Transaction Cost ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Organization Theory ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Institutional Arrangement ◽  
Innovation Governance

Abstract This paper theorizes about innovation governance, especially about governance of open innovation and the nature and role of IPRs. A reinterpretation of open innovation is offered in terms of the emergence of various types of markets for inputs to and outputs from innovative activities. These open innovation markets are typically markets for ideas, technologies, knowledge and data such as licensing markets, equity markets, and matching markets for innovation collaborations and correspond to various types of open innovation strategies viewed from the inside out in a focal firm's perspective. Open innovation – seen as a set of quasi-integrated organizational forms for innovative activities in between market and hierarchical firm organizations – is then explainable in terms of determinants of supply and demand. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) then play a new role as tools for innovation governance, thereby economizing on governance costs in an extended transaction cost framework. Licensing of usage rights is key to using IPRs for innovation governance. The by now standard property rights approach to rights in intellectual resources has to be challenged, however, and referred to as ‘intellectual rights’ rather than IPRs. In addition, the governing role of IPRs can be improved by combining them with liabilities into a hybrid approach. Organizational responsibilities provide still another institutional arrangement for innovation governance, and integration of rights, liabilities and responsibilities provide a new theoretical perspective on innovation governance – a perspective that also can provide links between organization theory, transaction cost economics and property rights theory.

scholarly journals Racialized Burdens: Applying Racialized Organization Theory to the Administrative State

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Erik Ray ◽  
Pamela Herd ◽  
Donald Moynihan
Keyword(s):  
Organization Theory ◽  
Racial Inequality ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Equal Treatment ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us

Administrative burdens allow a form of hidden politics to shape people’s experience of the state. But what do those politics hide? In this paper we seek to partly answer this question by developing the concept of racialized burdens. Racialized burdens are the experience of learning, compliance and psychological costs, which serve as tools to reinforce racial inequality; they are the handmaidens of the racialized state. To develop this concept, we examine the role of administrative burdens in the US state from the theoretical perspective of racialized organizations. This framework puts the focus on the effects of organizations on individuals, rather than using individual agency – of the client, or bureaucrat – as the starting point for analysis. Using examples from attempts to access citizenship rights – via immigration, voting and the social safety net – we show how burdens have historically been used to normalize and facilitate racially disparate outcomes from public organizations that promise fair and equal treatment.

The Role of Promoter in the Context of University-Industry Cooperation

2013 ◽  
pp. 139-154
Author(s):  
Eva-María Mora-Valentín ◽  
Braulio Pérez-Astray
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Interorganizational Networks ◽  
Innovative Methodology ◽  
External Sources ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
University Industry ◽  
Do So

In an open innovation scenario, organizations increasingly rely on external sources through interorganizational networks. In this chapter, the authors study the role played by the promoters in facilitating and maintaining university-firm relationships. To do so end, they have analyzed the relationship promoter model and examined his or her role in the REDOMIC project, whose purpose is to match university supply with firm demand effectively. After analysing the characteristics of the promoter role, they propose an innovative methodology that will enable supply and demand. The processing of this information at a later stage through a computer system enables us to identify matches that can then form the basis of future partnership agreements between universities and firms.

Impact of wise leadership, workplace friendships on open innovation in family firms: a developing country perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir A. Abdulmuhsin ◽  
Ali Tarhini
Keyword(s):  
Developing Country ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Family Firms ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Top Management Teams ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Workplace Friendships

PurposeThis study draws upon the hybrid approach of the resource-based view and social capital theory, and aims to develop and empirically validate a model that examines the relationship amongst wise leadership, workplace friendships and open innovation (OI) in family firms (FFs).Design/methodology/approachAn online survey was conducted to collect data from a sample of 381 firms from a developing country. Additionally, this study used AMOS software and structural equation model to empirically test the proposed hypotheses of the theoretical model.FindingsFindings show that wise leadership has a significant, positive indirect effect on stimulating OI in FFs via its influence on building workplace friendships and overcoming knowledge–strategic and collaboration–organisational challenges.Practical implicationsTo improve OI, top management teams of family businesses should encourage wise, intelligent, well-informed and strong leaders who drive change. Moreover, they should establish small group, “smart-world” networks for specialised innovation to facilitate friendship based on trust and competence, and develop the coordinating role of family leaders in these networks.Originality/valueThis study complements and advances previous research on OI in many ways. Firstly, the current study proposes a conceptual model that demonstrates the interrelationships amongst the main variables in Iraqi FFs. Secondly, this research explores the crucial mediating role of workplace friendship, which capitalises on the principles of friendship in the context of the acquisition, accumulation and exchange of knowledge, thereby overcoming the challenges associated with innovation.

The role of nursing in the rehabilitation of acute stroke patients: Toward a unified theoretical perspective

Pflege ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27
Author(s):  
Marit Kirkevold
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Role Of Nursing ◽  
Rolle Der Pflegenden

Eine Übersicht der bestehenden Literatur weist auf Unsicherheiten bezüglich der spezifischen Rolle der Pflegenden in der Rehabilitation von Hirnschlagpatientinnen und -patienten hin. Es existieren zwei unterschiedliche Begrifflichkeiten für die Rolle der Pflegenden, keine davon bezieht sich auf spezifische Rehabilitationsziele oder Patientenergebnisse. Ein anfänglicher theoretischer Beitrag der Rolle der Pflege in der Genesung vom Hirnschlag wird als Struktur unterbreitet, um die therapeutischen Aspekte der Pflege im Koordinieren, Erhalten und Üben zu vereinen. Bestehende Literatur untermauert diesen Beitrag. Weitere Forschung ist jedoch notwendig, um den spezifischen Inhalt und Fokus der Pflege in der Genesung bei Hirnschlag zu entwickeln.

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