scholarly journals Age of Migration and the Incidence of Cognitive Impairment: A Cohort Study of Elder Mexican-Americans

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A Garcia ◽  
Adriana M Reyes ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Joseph L Saenz ◽  
Rafael A Samper-Ternent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Immigrant Women ◽  
Late Life ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
High Dependency ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Immigrant Men

Abstract Background and Objectives To explore nativity and age of migration differentials in the incidence of cognitive impairment among older Mexican-Americans. Research Design and Methods We employ maximum-likelihood discrete time hazard models to estimate risk ratios of cognitive impairment in a sample of 2,708 Mexican-Americans 65 and older who were cognitively healthy at baseline over a follow-up period of up to 20 years. Results Late-life immigrant women have a 46% higher risk of cognitive impairment compared to U.S.-born Mexican-American women. Conversely, midlife immigrant men have a 29% lower risk of cognitive impairment compared to U.S.-born Mexican-American men. The incidence of cognitive impairment did not differ for early-life and midlife immigrant women relative to U.S.-born women or for early- and late-life immigrant men compared to U.S.-born men. Discussion and Implications Differences in cognitive impairment risk between U.S.-born and foreign-born Mexican-American subgroups may be partly due to health selectivity. Cognitive impairment is more prevalent among immigrant groups which may result in a higher burden on family members and/or high dependency on public resources. Programs are needed that can detect decline at earlier stages and reduce the risk for cognitive impairment among older immigrants entering their last decades of life.

scholarly journals Age of Migration Differentials in Life Expectancy With Cognitive Impairment: 20-Year Findings From the Hispanic-EPESE

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 894-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A Garcia ◽  
Joseph L Saenz ◽  
Brian Downer ◽  
Chi-Tsun Chiu ◽  
Sunshine Rote ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Late Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Total Life Expectancy ◽  
Mexican Adults

Abstract Background and Objectives To examine differences in life expectancy with cognitive impairment among older Mexican adults according to nativity (U.S.-born/foreign-born) and among immigrants, age of migration to the United States. Research Design and Methods This study employs 20 years of data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly to estimate the proportion of life spent cognitively healthy and cognitively impaired prior to death among older Mexican adults residing in the southwestern United States. We combine age-specific mortality rates with age-specific prevalence of cognitive impairment, defined as a Mini-Mental Status Exam score of less than 21 points to calculate Sullivan-based life table models with and without cognitive impairment in later life. Results Foreign-born Mexican immigrants have longer total life expectancy and comparable cognitive healthy life expectancy regardless of gender compared to U.S.-born Mexican-Americans. However, the foreign-born spend a greater number of years after age 65 with cognitive impairment relative to their U.S.-born counterparts. Furthermore, we document an advantage in life expectancy with cognitive impairment and proportion of years after age 65 cognitively healthy among mid-life immigrant men and women relative to early- and late-life migrants. Discussion and Implications The relationship between nativity, age of migration, and life expectancy with cognitive impairment means that the foreign-born are in more need of support and time-intensive care in late life. This issue merits special attention to develop appropriate and targeted screening efforts that reduce cognitive decline for diverse subgroups of older Mexican-origin adults as they age.

scholarly journals Gender-Based Pathways to Cognitive Aging in the Mexican-Origin Population in the United States: The Significance of Work and Family

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunshine M Rote ◽  
Jacqueline L Angel
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Late Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Mexican Origin ◽  
Number Of Children

Abstract Objectives This study uses the life course perspective to explore the role of key midlife factors (occupation and number of children) for gender- and nativity-based pathways to cognitive aging for older Mexican Americans. Method Using the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly (H-EPESE, 1993/1994–2016, n = 2,779), this study presents (a) cognitive impairment trajectories over 20 years of data and (b) multinomial logistic regression analyses of trajectory group membership by lifetime occupation and number of children, controlling for educational attainment. Results For older Mexican American men, lifetime employment in agricultural occupations is associated with elevated risk for late-life cognitive impairment. Delayed risk for impairment is observed for U.S.-born men who were employed in factory work (e.g., production and repair) and in Mexican-born men who were employed in occupations with skilled or supervisory requirements. For all women, labor force participation, especially in skilled occupations, is related to a delayed risk of cognitive impairment. Number of children is unrelated to impairment for men; however, women with five or more children (compared to women with two to four children) are at risk for consistent and rapid cognitive impairment in late life. Discussion Late-life cognitive health disparities that disproportionately impact the Mexican American population can be addressed by improving access to educational and occupational opportunities in early and midlife. This study points to key areas of intervention within work and the home for the Mexican-origin population.

scholarly journals Traffic-Related Noise Exposure and Late-life Dementia and Cognitive Impairment in Mexican–Americans

Epidemiology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Yu ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
Kimberly C. Paul ◽  
Eunice Lee ◽  
Michael Jerrett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Late Life

Endorsements by Mexican-Americans of the Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Cross-Ethnic Comparison

1999 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 201-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoko Sugihara ◽  
Judith A. Warner
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Sex Role ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Original Sample ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
Inventory Analysis ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
American Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Gender-related personality traits among Mexican-American men and women were examined. The sample consisted of 307 Mexican-Americans (150 women, 157 men) in a predominantly Mexican and Mexican-American community in South Texas. Mexican-American men scored significantly higher than the women on eight masculine items, whereas Mexican-American women scored higher than the men on four feminine items. A comparison between the scores of Mexican-Americans on the Bern Sex-Role Inventory with those of the original sample in the inventory's manual showed that the scores for the Masculinity and Femininity subscales for both Mexican-American men and women were not significantly different from those of the original sample. A significant difference, however, was found on some of the items of the inventory. Analysis also indicated that more Mexican-American men were categorized as Feminine and Androgynous than were non-Hispanic Euro-American males in the original sample. Among Mexican-American women there were more individuals classified as Masculine and Undifferentiated and a lower percentage as Feminine than among the original sample. Implications and recommendations based on the results are discussed.

scholarly journals Cross-national Comparison Examining Breastfeeding and Child Malnutrition Among Mexicans (P11-106-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paola Campos ◽  
Summer Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
National Health ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Child Malnutrition ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Child Overweight ◽  
American Children

Abstract Objectives To examine the effects of breastfeeding duration and contextual factors at individual- and household-levels on child malnutrition, including overweight and stunting, in Mexican and Mexican-American children aged 3–35 months. Methods Secondary data analysis of 2,311 Mexican children from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey and 829 Mexican-American children from the 2007–2014 US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, using independent and pooled logistic regression models to examine bivariate and multivariate associations. Results The prevalence of breastfeeding initiation and any breastfeeding for ≥ 3 months was higher in Mexican (94.2% and 83.5%) versus Mexican-American children (76.4% and 43.0%). Among the latter, those with foreign-born household reference person (HRP) were more likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding than US-born counterparts. The prevalence of child overweight did not differ in either population (9.0% in Mexicans versus 8.8% in Mexican-Americans), but among the latter, those with foreign-born HRP had higher prevalence for child overweight than US-born counterparts. The prevalence of child stunting was higher in Mexicans (11.6%) versus Mexican-Americans (2.0%) and no difference was found between children with foreign- or US-born HRP. We found no evidence for an association between any breastfeeding for ≥ 3 months and either measure of child malnutrition among Mexicans or Mexican-Americans when compared to those who were never breastfed. High- and low-birthweight were risk factors across the 2 populations for child overweight (AOR 2.72, 95% CI 1.81-4.08) and stunting (AOR 4.22, 95% CI 2.79-6.40), accordingly. We also identified additional country-specific risk and protective factors. Conclusions Culturally-sensitive interventions should focus on women prenatally using prophylactic strategies to prevent offspring high- and low-birthweight as these were risk factors for child malnutrition. These interventions should also include postnatal strategies to maintain and foster positive maternal health behaviors, including breastfeeding. Funding Sources No funding was received for this research. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

Religion: Official, Popular, and Otherwise: From the Heart of Our People: Latino/a Explorations in Catholic Systematic Theology . Orlando O. Espin, Miguel H. Diaz. ; Hispanic Catholic Culture in the U. S.: Issues and Concerns . Jay P. Dolan, Allan Figueroa Deck. ; Mexican-Americans and the Catholic Church, 1900-1965 . Jay P. Dolan, Gilberto M. Hinojosa. ; Popular Religion and Modernization in Latin America: A Different Logic . Cristian Parker. ; The Faith of the People: Theological Reflections on Popular Catholicism . Orlando O. Espin. ; Digging the Days of the Dead: A Reading of Mexico's Dias de Muertos . Juanita Garciagodoy. ; Our Lady of Guadalupe: Faith and Empowerment among Mexican-American Women . Jeanette Rodriquez. ; As If Jesus Walked on Earth: Cardenismo, Sonora, and the Mexican Revolution . Adrian A. Bantjes. ; Cultural Politics in Revolution: Teachers, Peasants, and Schools in Mexico, 1930-1940 . Mary Kay Vaughan. ; Popular Movements and State Formation in Revolutionary Mexico: The Agraristas and Cristeros of Michoacan . Jennie Purnell. ; Mexico's Hidden Revolution: The Catholic Church in Law and Politics since 1929 . Peter Lester Reich. ; Crossing Swords: Politics and Religion in Mexico . Roderic Ai Camp. ; Evangelism & Apostasy: The Evolution and Impact of Evangelicals in Modern Mexico . Kurt Derek Bowen.

2000 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Vanderwood
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Mexican Revolution ◽  
Popular Religion ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
Law And Politics ◽  
The People ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
The Catholic Church

Self-Reports of Spousal Violence in a Mexican-American and Non-Hispanic White Population

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan B. Sorenson ◽  
Cynthia A. Telles
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
The United States ◽  
Spousal Violence ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Hispanic White

As part of a survey of Los Angeles households, 1,243 Mexican Americans and 1,149 non-Hispanic whites were surveyed about their experiences of spousal violence. Questions to assess violence included both perpetration (whether they had been physically violent toward a partner) and victimization (whether they had been the victim of sexual assault by a partner). Over one-fifth (21.2%) of the respondents indicated that they had, at one or more times in their lives, hit or thrown things at their current or former spouse or partner. Spousal violence rates for Mexican Americans born in Mexico and non-Hispanic whites born in the United States were nearly equivalent (20.0% and 21.6%, respectively); rates were highest for Mexican Americans born in the United States (30.9%). While overall rates of sexual assault were lower for Mexican Americans, one-third of the most recent incidents reported by Mexico-born Mexican-American women involved the husband and approximated rape.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Trends in Morbidity and Disability Among Older Mexican Americans in the Southwestern United States, 1993–2013

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Garcia ◽  
Adriana M. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Of Daily Living ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Reduced Activity

This study examines the prevalence of morbidity and disability among older Mexican Americans using 5-year age groups. Twenty-year panel data from the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly are used to make detailed comparisons by nativity and gender. Results show that prevalence rates for most chronic conditions for both males and females do not vary by nativity. For disabilities, nativity is a significant predictor of increased instrumental activity of daily living disability for foreign-born females and reduced activity of daily living disability for U.S.-born males. Additionally, results show significant interactions between nativity and age cohorts, with the gap increasing with age for males and decreasing with age for females. These results have important implications for health services and health policy. Given the rapid aging of the Mexican American population, the prevention and treatment of medical conditions, particularly among the foreign-born, should be a major public health priority to reduce dependence from disabilities.

scholarly journals Social Determinants of Polypharmacy in First Generation Mexican Immigrants in the United States

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-90
Author(s):  
Shervin Assari ◽  
Mohammed Saqib ◽  
Cheryl Wisseh ◽  
Mohsen Bazargan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) indicators are among the main social determinants of health and illness. Less, however, is known about the role of SES in the epidemiology of polypharmacy in immigrant Latino Americans living in the United States. This research studied the association between three SES indicators, education, income, and employment, and polypharmacy in older first generation Latino American immigrant adults. Methods: Data was obtained from the Sacramento Area Latino Study on Aging (SALSA, 1996-2008). A total of 632 older first generation Mexican-American immigrants to the U.S. entered this analysis. The independent variables were education, income, and employment. Polypharmacy was the outcome. Age, gender, physical health, smoking, and drinking were the covariates. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Results: Employment was associated with lower odds of polypharmacy. The association between education and polypharmacy was above and beyond demographic factors, physical health, health behaviors, and health insurance. Neither education nor income were associated with polypharmacy. Other determinants of polypharmacy were poor self-rated health (SRH) and a higher number of chronic medical conditions (CMCs). Conclusion: Employment appears to be the major SES determinant of polypharmacy in older foreign-born Mexican Americans. Unemployed older Mexican American immigrants with multiple chronic diseases and those who have poor SRH have the highest need for an evaluation of polypharmacy. Given the age group of this population, most of them have health insurance, which provides an opportunity for reducing their polypharmacy.

scholarly journals Neuropsychiatric Symptoms by Cognitive Status for Mexican-Americans Aged 85 and Older

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 893-893
Author(s):  
Lan Vu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Marginal Effect ◽  
Care Recipients

Abstract Older adults with dementia and cognitive impairment often experience neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Few studies have investigated the presence of NPS among older Mexican-American adults. Our objective was to describe the NPS of Mexican-Americans 85 years and older according to cognitive status. Data came from wave 9 (conducted in 2016) of the Hispanic Established Populations for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. The final sample consisted of 381 care recipients aged 85 years and older, along with their caregivers. The 12-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI-12) was administered to measure behavioral and psychiatric symptoms among the care recipients. Cognitive impairment was defined as a score of 18 or less on the Mini Mental Status Exam (MMSE). Care recipients with a diagnosis of dementia as reported by the caregiver were also classified as cognitively impaired. Overall, 259 (68.0%) participants had one or more NPS. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the average marginal effect (range = -1 to 1) of cognitive impairment on NPS, controlling for care-recipient characteristics. Approximately 87% of care recipients with cognitive impairment had at least one NPS compared to 55.8% of those without cognitive impairment (p<0.01). The predicted probability of having one or more NPI symptoms was 0.25 percentage points (95% CI=0.14-0.35) higher for participants with cognitive impairment than those without. NPS are present in the majority of older Mexican American adults, particularly in those with cognitive impairment. Future research could also investigate sociodemographic correlates of NPS.

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