scholarly journals Initial Evidence for the Efficacy of an Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Pearman ◽  
Emily Lustig ◽  
MacKenzie L Hughes ◽  
Christopher Hertzog
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Subjective Memory ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Everyday Memory ◽  
Metacognitive Intervention

Abstract Background and Objectives The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the efficacy of an Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention (EMMI) designed to improve everyday functioning of older adults. The EMMI emphasizes self-regulation as a behavioral approach to take priority over habitual behaviors that often impede everyday functioning. Research Design and Methods This study used a quasi-experimental design (intervention vs waitlist control) to test whether the EMMI improved several aspects of everyday cognition. Thirty-three EMMI participants (Mage = 70.24) were compared to 20 control participants (Mage = 71.70 years). The 2 groups were compared on everyday memory failures and successes, measures of well-being, subjective memory, and a prospective memory task. Results Participants who received the EMMI reported more memory successes and fewer memory failures over a 10-day measurement period postintervention. In addition, EMMI participants reported significantly higher life satisfaction and better subjective memory at posttest than the control group. Critically, the EMMI participants performed better on a laboratory contact prospective memory task. Discussion and Implications The results from this study suggest that the EMMI is a promising approach that has potential to improve everyday memory functioning and perhaps help extend functional independence. Future studies will include randomized controlled trials as well as electronic measurement of memory incidents.

scholarly journals Initial Results From an Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention for Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Ann Pearman ◽  
Christopher Hertzog ◽  
Emily Lustig ◽  
MacKenzie Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Memory Errors ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Everyday Memory ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Phone Calls ◽  
Metacognitive Intervention

Abstract We report results from a new intervention study implementing an Everyday Memory and Metacognitive Intervention (EMMI). This intervention trains older adults on self-regulatory procedures for achieving everyday life goals by implementing a metacognitive perspective where participants learn mindful control over life tasks that place demands on planning and memory (e.g., learning new names and managing prospective memory demands). Fifty-three participants, age range 65 to 83, were assigned to either the EMMI treatment group (n = 32, mean age = 70.13, SD = 3.2) or a waitlist control group (n = 21, mean age = 71.76, SD = 4.7). Individuals with probable memory impairments, as indexed by low MOCA scores, were excluded from the study. Outcomes included daily diary reports of everyday memory errors and a prospective memory telephone task. EMMI participants had fewer reported memory errors per day (M = 0.42) than controls (M = 0.64), one-tailed p = .03. EMMI participants also performed better than controls on the telephone task outcome variables: total number of phone calls completed and mean absolute deviation of call times from scheduled times for successfully completed calls (ps<.001). Subjective outcomes, including personal memory beliefs, life satisfaction, and perceived stress, showed greater pretest-posttest improvement in the EMMI group compared to the control group. This study is a successful initial demonstration of the efficacy of our intervention for improving everyday cognition in older adults and highlights the possibility of improving success in memory-demanding everyday life contexts, thereby contributing to resilient aging in an older population.

Design-Effects in Prospective and Retrospective Memory for Actions

2003 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Jahn ◽  
Johannes Engelkamp
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Relational Information ◽  
Design Effects ◽  
Verbal Tasks ◽  
Within Subjects

There is ample evidence that memory for action phrases such as “open the bottle” is better in subject-performed tasks (SPTs), i.e., if the participants perform the actions, than in verbal tasks (VTs), if they only read the phrases or listen to them. It is less clear whether also the sole intention to perform the actions later, i.e., a prospective memory task (PT), improves memory compared with VTs. Inconsistent findings have been reported for within-subjects and between-subjects designs. The present study attempts to clarify the situation. In three experiments, better recall for SPTs than for PTs and for PTs than for VTs were observed if mixed lists were used. If pure lists were used, there was a PT effect but no SPT over PT advantage. The findings were discussed from the perspective of item-specific and relational information.

Mindfulness Can Reduce Automatic Responding: Evidences from Stroop Task and Prospective Memory Task

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (9) ◽  
pp. 1180-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan WANG ◽  
Ting-Ting XIN ◽  
Xing-Hua LIU ◽  
Yun ZHANG ◽  
Huan-Hua LU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Stroop Task ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task

scholarly journals Laboratory vs. naturalistic prospective memory task predictions: young adults are overconfident outside of the laboratory

Memory ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 592-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Cauvin ◽  
Christopher Moulin ◽  
Céline Souchay ◽  
Katharina Schnitzspahn ◽  
Matthias Kliegel
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Prospective Memory Task

Prospective Memory

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekah E. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prospective Memory Task ◽  
Retrospective Memory ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Intended Action ◽  
Event Based ◽  
New Framework

Prospective memory involves remembering to perform an action when there is a delay between forming the intention to act and the point at which the action can be carried out. The distinction between time- and event-based prospective memory, the typical laboratory paradigm, and the concept of cost as a measure of the extent to which attention is allocated to the prospective memory task at the expense of other activities are described. Two theories of prospective memory are compared. Also noted is that prospective memory involves retrospective memory processes, for remembering what the intended action is and remembering when the action is to be performed, and a prospective component for remembering that something is to be done. The new concept of metaintentions or metaintentional processes is introduced along with a new framework for organizing existing research and motivating future research. The literature is reviewed within the structure of this new framework.

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