scholarly journals INDEPENDENT PRODUCTION OF CO2 SENSITIVITY BY NUCLEAR GENE DLY AND A TRANSMISSIBLE AGENT FROM DELAYED-RECOVERY DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-510
Author(s):  
M A Clark ◽  
W B McCrady ◽  
C L Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Co2 Sensitivity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male Line ◽  
Delayed Recovery ◽  
Sigma Virus

ABSTRACT Flies of stocks designated delayed-recovery by MCCRADY and SULERUD (1964) remain temporarily paralyzed after exposure to carbon dioxide. This condition is similar to CO2 sensitivity, which occurs in flies infected with the maternally transmitted sigma virus, but is due, at least in part, to the third chromosome mutant gene DlY. Because earlier work indicated that extracts of delayed-recovery flies could occasionally transmit CO2, sensitivity when injected into resistant recipients, we have tested the possibility that some delayed-recovery stocks contain a sigma-like transmissible virus, in addition to the Dly gene. We found that TDR-orange, a stock derived from the original delayed-recovery line, and temperature-cured populations of the same stock, both contain some agent that is transmissible by injection. TDR-BC3f, a stock derived by backcrossing through the male line to eliminate maternally transmitted factors, does not appear to contain such an infectious agent, but remains sensitive to CO2. These observations lead us to the conclusion that the originally described delayed-recovery stocks harbor an infectious extrachromosomal agent, in addition to possessing the Dly gene, and each is capable of producing a sensitivity to carbon dioxide.

scholarly journals EXTRACHROMOSOMAL INHERITANCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE SENSITIVITY IN THE MOSQUITO CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS

Genetics ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 649-659
Author(s):  
Donald A Shroyer ◽  
Leon Rosen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Maternal Transmission ◽  
Co2 Sensitivity ◽  
Laboratory Colony ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
Extrachromosomal Inheritance ◽  
Sigma Virus

ABSTRACT Mosquitoes from a laboratory colony of Culex quinquefasciatus from Matsu Island, China, develop irreversible paralytic symptoms after exposure to carbon dioxide at 1°. This CO2 sensitivity is caused by an inherited infectious agent, probably a virus. Crossing studies between CO2-sensitive and -resistant mosquitoes showed that the sensitivity trait is inherited extrachromosomally in a fashion strictly analogous to the hereditary transmission of sigma virus in Drosophila melanogaster. Sensitivity could be maintained through maternal transmission alone, despite nine generations of backcrossing of "stabilized" CO2-sensitive females to males from a resistant strain. CO2-sensitive males crossed to resistant females transmitted sensitivity to a portion of their F1 progeny, and only the female F1 sensitives were capable of further hereditary transmission.—Matsu, or a very similar hereditary infectious agent, is common in natural populations of Cx. quinquefasciatus on Oahu, Hawaii. Fifty-nine percent of the families reared from field-collected egg rafts contained CO2-sensitive mosquitoes, and some families contained only sensitive mosquitoes.

scholarly journals A NEW STRAIN OF DROSOPHILA THAT INHIBITS THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYMPTOMS IN IMAGOES INFECTED WITH SIGMA VIRUS

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 505-513
Author(s):  
R S Herforth
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Incubation Time ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Autosomal Gene ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Sigma Virus ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT A strain of Drosophila melanogaster bearing the mutant gene ebony has been found to slow the development of symptoms (carbon dioxide sensitivity) in adult flies inoculated with sigma virus, a member of the rhabdovirus group. This inhibition is made evident by comparing mean incubation times of the virus in ebony and wild-type (Oregon) flies. The increase in mean incubation time in ebony flies has ranged from about 3 to 8 days, depending on the virus strain, amount of virus injected, and the age of the flies at the time of inoculation. This delay in development of symptoms appears to be due to a dominant autosomal gene, although further work is needed to confirm this. When accumulation of infectious virus after inoculation is compared in ebony and Oregon flies, there seems to be no inhibition of multiplication in ebony at the level of the entire fly. The relationship of this work to current theories on the mechanism of symptom production by sigma virus is discussed.

scholarly journals DELAYED RECOVERY FROM CARBON DIOXIDE IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 509-526
Author(s):  
William B McCrady ◽  
Ralph L Sulerud
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Delayed Recovery

scholarly journals POLYMORPHISM OF THE HEREDITARY SIGMA VIRUS IN NATURAL POPULATIONS OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-465
Author(s):  
Annie Fleuriet
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Co2 Sensitivity ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Sigma Virus

ABSTRACT Previous studies have shown that, in natural French populations of Drosophila melanogaster, 10 to 20% of the flies are infected by the noncontagious, hereditary rhabdovirus sigma responsible for CO2 sensitivity. These populations are also polymorphic for two alleles [ref(2)Po and ref(2)Pp of a gene for resistance to the sigma virus. Evidence is given here that two viral genetic types, differing in their response to the ref(2)Pp allele, are present in these populations of flies; the most common type is only slightly sensitive to the ref(2)Pp allele.

scholarly journals A Cluster of Cuticle Protein Genes of Drosophila melanogaster at 65A: Sequence, Structure and Evolution

Genetics ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 1213-1224
Author(s):  
Jean-Philippe Charles ◽  
Carol Chihara ◽  
Shamim Nejad ◽  
Lynn M Riddiford
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genomic Dna ◽  
Multiple Copy ◽  
Sequence Structure ◽  
Coding Regions ◽  
The Third ◽  
Genetic Complexity ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Cuticle Protein ◽  
Cuticle Proteins

A 36-kb genomic DNA segment of the Drosophila melanogaster genome containing 12 clustered cuticle genes has been mapped and partially sequenced. The cluster maps at 65A 5-6 on the left arm of the third chromosome, in agreement with the previously determined location of a putative cluster encompassing the genes for the third instar larval cuticle proteins LCP5, LCP6 and LCP8. This cluster is the largest cuticle gene cluster discovered to date and shows a number of surprising features that explain in part the genetic complexity of the LCP5, LCP6 and LCP8 loci. The genes encoding LCP5 and LCP8 are multiple copy genes and the presence of extensive similarity in their coding regions gives the first evidence for gene conversion in cuticle genes. In addition, five genes in the cluster are intronless. Four of these five have arisen by retroposition. The other genes in the cluster have a single intron located at an unusual location for insect cuticle genes.

scholarly journals GENETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL BASIS OF ENZYME ACTIVITY VARIATION IN NATURAL POPULATIONS. I. ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-388
Author(s):  
John F McDonald ◽  
Francisco J Ayala
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Regulatory Genes ◽  
Biochemical Basis ◽  
Evolutionary Consequence ◽  
The Third ◽  
Adh Activity

ABSTRACT Recent studies by various authors suggest that variation in gene regulation may be common in nature, and might be of great evolutionary consequence; but the ascertainment of variation in gene regulation has proven to be a difficult problem. In this study, we explore this problem by measuring alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity in Drosophila melanogaster strains homozygous for various combinations of given second and third chromosomes sampled from a natural population. The structural locus (Adh) coding for ADH is on the second chromosome. The results show that: (1) there are genes, other than Adh, that affect the levels of ADH activity; (2) at least some of these "regulatory" genes are located on the third chromosome, and thus are not adjacent to the Adh locus; (3) variation exists in natural populations for such regulatory genes; (4) the effect of these regulatory genes varies as they interact with different second chromosomes; (5) third chromosomes with high-activity genes are either partially or completely dominant over chromosomes with low-activity genes; (6) the effects of the regulatory genes are pervasive throughout development; and (7) the third chromosome genes regulate the levels of ADH activity by affecting the number of ADH molecules in the flies. The results are consistent with the view that the evolution of regulatory genes may play an important role in adaptation.

Genetic and molecular analysis in the 70CD region of the third chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster

Gene ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 246 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 157-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorsten Burmester ◽  
Mátyás Mink ◽  
Margit Pál ◽  
Zsolt Lászlóffy ◽  
Jean-Antoine Lepesant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
The Third
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