scholarly journals EXTENSION OF THE LIMITS OF THE XDH STRUCTURAL ELEMENT IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-232
Author(s):  
William Gelbart ◽  
Margaret McCarron ◽  
Arthur Chovnick
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Null Mutant ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Electrophoretic Variants ◽  
Structural Alterations ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
Interallelic Complementation ◽  
Recombination Experiments

ABSTRACT Experiments expanding the array of mutants affecting the xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) structural element in Drosophila melanogaster are described. These include rosy eye color mutants which exhibit interallelic complementation, and mutants with normal eye color but lowered levels of XDH. Evidence is presented which argues that these are structural alterations in the enzyme. Recombination experiments were performed using these mutants as well as some electrophoretic variants. The two ends of the rosy locus are marked with mutant sites which are clearly structural in nature; the XDH structural element and the rosy null mutant map are completely concordant. A possible procedure to recover control element mutants is described.

ORGANIZATION OF THE ROSY LOCUS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: EVIDENCE FOR A CONTROL ELEMENT ADJACENT TO THE XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE STRUCTURAL ELEMENT

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-255
Author(s):  
A Chovnick ◽  
W Gelbart ◽  
M McCarron ◽  
B Osmond ◽  
E P M Candido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Electrophoretic Variants ◽  
Cis Acting ◽  
A Site ◽  
Recombination Experiments

ABSTRACT From a collection of electrophoretic variants of XDH obtained from laboratory strains and natural populations, a stock was isolated that was associated with much greater than normal levels of XDH activity. Preliminary recombination experiments demonstrated that this character maps to the rosy locus. While a series of observations failed to relate this phenotype to alteration in the structure of the XDH polypeptide, kinetic and immunological experiments did succeed in associating this character with variation in number of molecules of XDH/fly. Large scale fine structure recombination experiments locate the genetic basis for this variation in number of molecules of XDH/fly to a site very close to, but definitely outside of, the genetic boundaries of the XDH structural information. Observations are described which eliminate the possibility that we are dealing with a tandem duplication of the XDH structural element. Turning to a regulatory role for this genetic element located adjacent to the XDH structural information, a simple experiment is described which demonstrates that it functions as a "cis-acting" regulator of the XDH structural element.

GENETIC LIMITS OF THE XANTHINE DEHYDROGENASE STRUCTURAL ELEMENT WITHIN THE ROSY LOCUS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 869-886
Author(s):  
William M Gelbart ◽  
Margaret McCarron ◽  
Janardan Pandey ◽  
Arthur Chovnick
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Structural Information ◽  
Xanthine Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gene Organization ◽  
Null Mutant ◽  
Electrophoretic Variation ◽  
Structural Element ◽  
Electrophoretic Variants ◽  
Left And Right

Abstract Experiments are described that provide an opportunity to estimate the genetic limits of the structural (amino acid coding) portion of the rosy locus (3: 52.0) in Drosophila melanogaster, which controls the enzyme, xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) . This is accomplished by mapping experiments which localize sites responsible for electrophoretic variation in the enzyme on the known genetic map of null-XDH rosy mutants. Electrophoretic sites are distributed along a large portion of the null mutant map. A cis-trans test involving electrophoretic variants in the left- and right-hand portions of the map leads to the conclusion that the entire region between these variants is also structural. Hence most, if not all, of the null mutant map of the rosy locus contains structural information for the amino acid sequence of the XDH polypeptide. Consideration is given to the significance of the present results for the general problem of gene organization in higher eukaryotes.

Die fluoreszierenden Stoffe aus den Malpighischen-Gefäßen der Wildform und verschiedener Augenfarbenmutanten von Drosophila melanogaster

1968 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Armin Wessing ◽  
Dieter Eichelberg
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants

The Malpighian tubules of Drosophila melanogaster accumulate a great number of substances, many of which fluoresce. This paper is concerned with the identification of these substances by chromatography and their location by fluorescentmicroscopy (fig. 4, 5). It appears that they mainly belong to the following three groups: Pteridines, tryptophane and some of its metabolites, and riboflavine (tab. 1).The pattern of fluorescent substances of the eye color mutants cn, v, se, st, bw, ry, and w vary significantly. The patterns of these mutants are compared and discussed with that of the wild-type.

Purine transport by Malpighian tubules of pteridine-deficient eye color mutants of Drosophila melanogaster

1979 ◽  
Vol 17 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 565-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Sullivan ◽  
L. Anne Bell ◽  
Duncan R. Paton ◽  
Marie C. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants

scholarly journals TERMINAL SYNTHESIS OF XANTHOMMATIN IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER. III. MUTATIONAL PLEIOTROPY AND PIGMENT GRANULE ASSOCIATION OF PHENOXAZINONE SYNTHETASE

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56
Author(s):  
John P Phillips ◽  
Hugh S Forrest ◽  
Anil D Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Pigment Granule ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Type I ◽  
Developmental Control ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Xanthommatin Synthesis ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
Low Levels

ABSTRACT Phenoxazinone synthetase, which catalyzes the condensation of 3-hydroxykynurenine to xanthommatin, the brown eye pigment of Drosophila, is shown to exist in association with a particle which resembles the cytologically defined Type I pigment granule. Several classical eye color mutants (v, cn, st, ltd, cd, w), including two which effect other enzymes in the xanthommatin pathway (v, cn), have low levels of phenoxazinone synthetase activity and disrupt the normal association of the enzyme with the pigment granule. A model is proposed depicting several structural and enzymatic interrelationships involved in the developmental control of xanthommatin synthesis in Drosophila.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENTAL AND GENETIC STUDIES ON KYNURENINE HYDROXYLASE FROM DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-661
Author(s):  
David T Sullivan ◽  
Robert J Kitos ◽  
Marie C Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Eye Color Mutants ◽  
Puparium Formation ◽  
Kynurenine Hydroxylase ◽  
Short Time

ABSTRACT The level of kynurenine hydroxylase was measured throughout the development of wild type and the eye color mutants v, cn, st, ltd, cd, kar, w, ca, bri and pP of Drosophila melanogaster. In all cases except cn a bimodal distribution of enzyme activity during development was observed. Activity is initially detectable in second instar. A maximum is reached in early third instar. Activity declines prior to puparium formation. Shortly after pupation, activity rises dramatically to reach a maximum about five times the peak larval level. Maximum activity persists for a short time, and then falls sharply prior to emergence. No activity is detectable in cn, cn3, or cn35K. In pupae which have zero, one, two or three doses of the cn  + allele, activity is proportional to the number of the + alleles. This provides further evidence that the cn locus contains the structural gene for kynurenine hydroxylase. Kynurenine hydroxylase is a useful gene product for studying the events of imaginal disc differentiation.

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