ISOZYME POLYMORPHISMS IN DROSOPHILA ANANASSAE: GENETIC DIVERSITY AMONG ISLAND POPULATIONS IN THE SOUTH PACIFIC

Genetics ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95
Author(s):  
F M Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Drosophila Ananassae ◽  
The South ◽  
Island Populations

Environmental Influences on the Development of Traditional Conservation in the South Pacific Region

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret D. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Third World ◽  
Relative Equilibrium ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
The South ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
The Third ◽  
Traditional Societies ◽  
The Third World

There is an urgent need for improved understanding of conservation attitudes in the Third World because of the increasing rate of resource depletion that is now occurring in the countries involved. Although conservation practices by traditional societies in the Third World have received much attention from research workers, the fact that some practices are intentional and others inadvertent has been largely ignored. However, it is the motivation for these intentional conservation measures and the environmental influences on the people who apply them, which is crucial to understanding variations in conservation behaviour among traditional societies.Traditional conservation in the South Pacific was based on a complex system of resource-use taboos which prevented overexploitation in the limited island environment. These taboos contributed to the achievement during pre- European times of what appears from historical accounts to have been a state of relative equilibrium between island populations and their resources.Predictability and extremeness are two environmental factors which are thought to affect the development of conservational behaviour. Both these factors were examined in the light of traditional conservation in the South Pacific. Droughts and hurricanes are the two main sources of environmental unpredictability in the South Pacific, although the islands vary considerably in the degree to which they are affected by them. It was concluded that a distinction between real and perceived environmental predictability was necessary before one could fully understand the influence of predictability upon the development of conservational behaviour in the South Pacific.

scholarly journals A new species of iguana Brachylophus Cuvier 1829 (Sauria: Iguania: Iguanidae) from Gau Island, Fiji Islands

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4273 (3) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT N. FISHER ◽  
JONE NIUKULA ◽  
DICK WATLING ◽  
PETER S. HARLOW
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Type Locality ◽  
The South ◽  
Geographic Ranges ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Fiji Islands ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
Living Species ◽  
A New Species

The south Pacific iguanas (Brachylophus) currently have three recognized living species in Fiji.  Recent surveys have uncovered more specific variation (morphological and genetic) within the genus and have better defined the geographic ranges of the named species.  One of these recent discoveries is a strikingly different iguana from all other island populations in Fiji which is restricted to Gau Island of the Lomaiviti Province.  Gau is the fifth largest island in Fiji and maintains excellent upland forests in the higher elevations.  We describe this population from Gau Island as a new species, Brachylophus gau sp. nov., in recognition of its type locality.  

scholarly journals Weep for the Coming of Men: Epidemic and Disease in Anglo-Western Colonial Writing of the South Pacific

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-293
Author(s):  
Chrystopher J. Spicer
Keyword(s):  
Herman Melville ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Pacific Island ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
The South ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Mary Louise Pratt ◽  
The Impact

During the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, epidemics ravaged South Pacific islands after contact with Westerners. With no existing immunity to introduced diseases, consequent death tolls on these remote islands were catastrophic. During that period, a succession of significant Anglo-Western writers visited the South Pacific region: Herman Melville, Robert Louis Stevenson, Louis Becke, Jack London, and Fredrick O’Brien. In a remarkable literary conjunction, they each successively visited the Marquesas Islands, which became for them a microcosm of the epidemiological disaster they were witnessing across the Pacific. Instead of the tropical Eden they expected, these writers experienced and wrote about a tainted paradise corrupted and fatally ravaged by contact with Western societies. Even though these writers were looking through the prism of Social Darwinism and extinction discourse, they were all nevertheless appalled at the situation, and their writing is witness to their anguish. Unlike the typical Victorian-era traveller described by Mary Louise Pratt as the “seeing-man”, who remained distanced in their writing from the environment around them, this group wrote with the authority of personal felt experience, bearing witness to the horrific impact of Western society on the physical and mental health of Pacific Island populations. The literary voice of this collection of writers continues to be not only a clear and powerful witness of the past, but also a warning to the present about the impact of ‘civilisation’ on Pacific Island peoples and cultures.

scholarly journals High genetic diversity of the symbiotic dinoflagellates in the coral Pocillopora meandrina from the South Pacific

2005 ◽  
Vol 148 (5) ◽  
pp. 913-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Magalon ◽  
E. Baudry ◽  
A. Husté ◽  
M. Adjeroud ◽  
M. Veuille
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Symbiotic Dinoflagellates

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Population Structure of Genypterus chilensis, a Commercial Benthic Marine Species of the South Pacific

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina R. Córdova-Alarcón ◽  
Cristián Araneda ◽  
Felipe Jilberto ◽  
Piero Magnolfi ◽  
María Isabel Toledo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Genypterus Chilensis

scholarly journals Chemodiversity ofCalophyllum inophyllumL. oil bioactive components related to their specific geographical distribution in the South Pacific region

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6896
Author(s):  
Joape Ginigini ◽  
Gaël J. Lecellier ◽  
Mael Nicolas ◽  
Mohammed Nour ◽  
Edouard Hnawia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
French Polynesia ◽  
The South ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Intergenic Spacer Region

BackgroundDifferent parts of the treeCalophyllum inophyllumL. (nuts, leaves, roots, bark, fruits, nut oil and resin) are used as traditional medicines and cosmetics in most of the Pacific Islands. The oil efficiency as a natural cure and in traditional cosmetics has been largely described throughout the South Pacific, which led us to investigateC. inophyllum’s chemical and genetic diversity. A correlative study of the nut resin and leaf DNA from three distinct archipelagos in the South Pacific was carried out in order to identify diversity patterns inC. inophyllumacross the South Pacific.MethodsCalophyllum inophyllumplants were sampled from French Polynesia, New Caledonia and Fiji. We extracted tamanu oil (nut oil) resin for chemo-diversity studies and sampled leaf tissues for genetic studies. We applied an analysis method designed for small quantities (at a microscale level), and used High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) to establish the chemo-diversity of tamanu oil resin. In-house standards were co-eluted for qualitative determination. Genetic diversity was assessed using chloroplast barcoding markers (the Acetyl-CoA carboxylase (accD) gene and the psaA-ycf3 intergenic spacer region).ResultsOur HPLC analysis revealed 11 previously known tamanu oil constituents, with variability among plant samples. We also isolated and characterized two new neoflavonoids from tamanu oil resin namely, tamanolide E1 and E2 which are diastereoisomers. Although genetic analysis revealed low genetic variation, our multivariate analysis (PCA) of the tamanu oil resin chemical profiles revealed differentiation among geographic regions.ConclusionWe showed here that chromatographic analysis using formalized in-house standards of oil resin compounds for co-elution studies against oil resin samples could identify patterns of variation among samples ofC. inophyllum,and discriminate samples from different geographical origins.

Culture and leadership: Project GLOBE in the South Pacific

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Paquin ◽  
Reinout E. de Vries ◽  
Raghuvar D. Pathak ◽  
Rafia Naz
Keyword(s):  
South Pacific ◽  
The South

Tourism Development in the South Pacific: The Cases of Nauru and Tuvalu

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Towner ◽  
Semisi Taumoepeau
Keyword(s):  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Tourism Development ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
South Pacific Ocean ◽  
Economic Survival ◽  
Processing Centre ◽  
Remote Island ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Tuvalu and Nauru are isolated developing island nations located in the South Pacific Ocean. In contrast to the established larger Pacific destinations such as Fiji and Tahiti, the tourism industries on both Tuvalu and Nauru are in their infancy. Tourism development in these remote island nations faces a myriad of challenges which include a lack of infrastructure, environmental susceptibility, economic vulnerability, difficulties with access and considerable distances from major tourist markets. This paper reviews tourism on Tuvalu and Nauru and evaluates their current situation regarding potential tourism development through workshops with relevant stakeholders, surveys and subsequent SWOT analysis. The results of the paper outlined a large number of challenges faced by Tuvalu and Nauru due to their geographic location but also highlighted that both Islands possess fascinating and unique features that have the potential to attract niche tourism markets. A key finding of this paper is that the tourism stimulus or potential attraction can also be the chief threat to the islands’ economic survival hence the two edges of the sword. Further research is required to assess the effect of the withdrawal of the Refugee Processing Centre on Nauru’s economy and to evaluate the impact of climate change on Tuvalu’s society and potential adaption strategies.

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