scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF X CHROMOSOME INVERSIONS ON CROSSING OVER IN THE THIRD CHROMOSOME OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1944 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-103
Author(s):  
Arthur G Steinberg ◽  
F Clarke Fraser
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chromosome Inversions

scholarly journals EXCHANGE WITHIN HETEROZYGOUS INVERSIONS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-114
Author(s):  
Leonard G Robbins
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Chromosome Inversions

ABSTRACT The exchange behavior of non-attached, whole arm, X chromosome inversions was reexamined using nondisjunction in XXY females as an indirect measure of the frequency of nonexchange tetrads. Crossing over is quite normal in these inversion heterozygotes and is independent of the arrangement of the basal heterochromatin.

scholarly journals Studies of esterase 6 in Drosophila melanogaster: XIV. Variation of esterase 6 levels controlled by unlinked genes in natural populations

1984 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Tepper ◽  
Anne L. Terry ◽  
James E. Holmes ◽  
Rollin C. Richmond
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Structural Gene ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Regulatory Locus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Esterase 6 ◽  
Activity Modifiers

SUMMARYThe esterase 6 (Est-6) locus in Drosophila melanogaster is located on the third chromosome and is the structural gene for a carboxylesterase (E.C.3.1.1.1) and is polymorphic for two major electromorphs (slow and fast). Isogenic lines containing X chromosomes extracted from natural populations and substituted into a common genetic background were used to detect unlinked factors that affect the activity of the Est-6 locus. Twofold activity differences of esterase 6 (EST 6) were found among males from these derived lines, which differ only in their X chromosome. These unlinked activity modifiers identify possible regulatory elements. Immunoelectrophoresis was used to estimate quantitatively the levels of specific cross-reacting material in the derived lines. The results show that the variation in activity is due to differences in the amount of EST 6 present. The data are consistent with the hypothesis that there is at least one locus on the X chromosome that regulates the synthesis of EST 6 and that this regulatory locus may be polymorphic in natural populations.

scholarly journals Does RNA interference influence meiotic crossing over in Drosophila melanogaster?

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
ERIC W. CROSS ◽  
MICHAEL J. SIMMONS
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Rna Interference ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Maternal Effect ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
Crossover Frequency ◽  
Chromosome Iii ◽  
Chromosome Ii ◽  
Balancer Chromosomes ◽  
Balancer Chromosome

SummaryMutations in the RNA interference (RNAi) genes aubergine (aub), homeless and piwi were tested for effects on the frequency, distribution and coincidence of meiotic crossovers in the long arm of the X chromosome. Some increases in crossover frequency were seen in these tests, but they may have been due to a maternal effect of the balancer chromosomes that were used to maintain the RNAi mutations in stocks rather than to the RNAi mutations themselves. These same balancers produced strong zygotic interchromosomal effects when tested separately. Mutations in aub and piwi did not affect the frequency of crossing over in the centric heterochromatin of chromosome II; nor did a balancer chromosome III.

Relationships within the melanogaster species subgroup of the genus Drosophila ( Sophophora ). I. Inversion polymorphisms in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans

1976 ◽  
Vol 193 (1111) ◽  
pp. 137-157 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Drosophila Simulans ◽  
Fourth Chromosome ◽  
The Third ◽  
Chromosome Inversions

Drosophila melanogaster from 67 collections have been analysed for their polymorphic inversions. Of the 53 inversions now known in this species 7 are widespread and 43 are endemic. The remaining 3 inversions may be widespread, but if so they are usually very rare. No X or fourth chromosome inversions were found. All the third chromosome inversions were paracentric, while six of the second chromosome inversions were pericentric. No inversions were found in D. simulans , of which 27 collections, from Africa, Europe, Australia and S. America, were studied.

scholarly journals MEIOTIC BEHAVIOR OF COMPOUND AUTOSOMES IN FEMALES OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER: INTERCHROMOSOMAL EFFECTS AND THE SOURCE OF SPONTANEOUS NONSEGREGATION

Genetics ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-470
Author(s):  
Hideh Harger ◽  
David G Holm
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Proximal Region ◽  
Crossing Over ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Repulsion Phase ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Spontaneous Frequency

ABSTRACT In females of Drosophila melanogaster, compound autosomes enter the repulsion phase of meiosis uncommitted to a particular segregation pattern because their centromeres are not restricted to a bivalent pairing complex as a consequence of crossing over. Their distribution at anaphase, therefore, is determined by some meiotic property other than exchange pairing, a property that for many years has been associated with the concept of nonhomologous pairing. In the absence of heterologous rearrangements or a free Y chromosome, C(3L) and C(3R) are usually recovered in separate gametes, that is as products of meiotic segregation. Nevertheless, there is a regular, albeit infrequent, recovery of reciprocal meiotic products (the nonsegregational products) that are disomic and nullosomic for compound thirds. The frequency of these exceptions, which is normally between 0.5 and 5.0%, differs for the various strains examined, but remains constant for any given strain. Since previous studies have not uncovered a cause for this base level of nonsegregation, it has been referred to as the spontaneous frequency. In this study, crosses between males and females whose X chromosomes, as well as compound autosomes, are differentially marked reveal a highly significant positive correlation between the frequency of compound-autosome nonsegregation and the frequency of X-chromosome nondisjunction. However, an inverse correlation is found when the frequency of nondisjunction is related to the frequency of crossing over in the proximal region of the X chromosome. These findings have been examined with reference to the distributive pairing and the chromocentral models and interpreted as demonstrating (1) that nonsegregational meiotic events arise primarily as a result of nonhomologous interactions, (2) that forces responsible for the segregation of nonhomologous chromosomes are properties of the chromocentral region, and (3) that these forces come into expression after the exchange processes are complete.

scholarly journals Interactions and developmental effects of mutations in the Broad-Complex of Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 247-259
Author(s):  
I Kiss ◽  
A H Beaton ◽  
J Tardiff ◽  
D Fristrom ◽  
J W Fristrom
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Genetic Locus ◽  
Larval Instar ◽  
Imaginal Discs ◽  
Functional Domains ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Broad Complex

Abstract The 2B5 region on the X chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster forms an early ecdysone puff at the end of the third larval instar. The region contains a complex genetic locus, the Broad-Complex (BR-C) composed of four groups of fully complementing (br, rbp, l(1)2Bc, and l(1)2Bd) alleles, and classes of noncomplementing (npr 1) and partially noncomplementing l(1)2Bab alleles. BR-C mutants prevent metamorphosis, including the morphogenesis of imaginal discs. Results are presented that indicate that the BR-C contains two major functional domains. One, the br domain is primarily, if not exclusively, involved in the elongation and eversion of appendages by imaginal discs. The second, the l(1)2Bc domain, is primarily involved in the fusion of discs to form a continuous adult epidermis. Nonetheless, the two domains may encode products with related functions because in some situations mutants in both domains appear to affect similar developmental processes.

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