scholarly journals Organization and Molecular Evolution of CENP-A–Associated Satellite DNA Families in a Basal Primate Genome

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 1136-1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hye-Ran Lee ◽  
Karen E. Hayden ◽  
Huntington F. Willard
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Primate Genome

scholarly journals Molecular evolution of the pDo500 satellite DNA family in Dolichopoda cave crickets (Rhaphidophoridae)

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lene Martinsen ◽  
Federica Venanzetti ◽  
Arild Johnsen ◽  
Valerio Sbordoni ◽  
Lutz Bachmann
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Satellite Dna

scholarly journals Dark Matter of Primate Genomes: Satellite DNA Repeats and Their Evolutionary Dynamics

Cells ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2714
Author(s):  
Syed Farhan Ahmad ◽  
Worapong Singchat ◽  
Maryam Jehangir ◽  
Aorarat Suntronpong ◽  
Thitipong Panthum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Dna Repeats ◽  
Genomic Component ◽  
Primate Genome ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Satellite Repeats ◽  
Extensive Growth ◽  
Modern Genomic

A substantial portion of the primate genome is composed of non-coding regions, so-called “dark matter”, which includes an abundance of tandemly repeated sequences called satellite DNA. Collectively known as the satellitome, this genomic component offers exciting evolutionary insights into aspects of primate genome biology that raise new questions and challenge existing paradigms. A complete human reference genome was recently reported with telomere-to-telomere human X chromosome assembly that resolved hundreds of dark regions, encompassing a 3.1 Mb centromeric satellite array that had not been identified previously. With the recent exponential increase in the availability of primate genomes, and the development of modern genomic and bioinformatics tools, extensive growth in our knowledge concerning the structure, function, and evolution of satellite elements is expected. The current state of knowledge on this topic is summarized, highlighting various types of primate-specific satellite repeats to compare their proportions across diverse lineages. Inter- and intraspecific variation of satellite repeats in the primate genome are reviewed. The functional significance of these sequences is discussed by describing how the transcriptional activity of satellite repeats can affect gene expression during different cellular processes. Sex-linked satellites are outlined, together with their respective genomic organization. Mechanisms are proposed whereby satellite repeats might have emerged as novel sequences during different evolutionary phases. Finally, the main challenges that hinder the detection of satellite DNA are outlined and an overview of the latest methodologies to address technological limitations is presented.

Plant highly repeated satellite DNA: Molecular evolution, distribution and use for identification of hybrids

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 277-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Hemleben ◽  
Ales Kovarik ◽  
Ramon A. Torres‐Ruiz ◽  
Roman A. Volkov ◽  
Thengiz Beridze
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Satellite Dna

Molecular evolution of satellite DNA repeats and speciation of lizards of the genus Darevskia (Sauria: Lacertidae)

Genome ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1297-1307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernata V. Grechko ◽  
Doina G. Ciobanu ◽  
Ilya S. Darevsky ◽  
Sergey A. Kosushkin ◽  
Dmitri A. Kramerov
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Satellite Dna ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Hybrid Origin ◽  
Dna Repeats ◽  
Lizard Species ◽  
Origin Of Species ◽  
Rock Lizard

Satellite DNA repeats were studied in Caucasian populations of 18 rock lizard species of the genus Darevskia. Four subfamilies (Caucasian Lacerta satellites (CLsat)I–IV) were identified, which shared 70%–75% sequence similarity. The distribution of CLsat subfamilies among the species was studied. All the species could be divided into at least 3 clades, depending on the content of CLsat subfamilies in each genome: “saxicola”, “rudis”, and “mixta” lizards. CLsatI was found in all studied species, but in very different quantities; the “saxicola” group contained this subfamily predominantly. The “rudis” group also contained CLsatIII, and the “mixta” group carried considerable amounts of CLsatII. The highest concentrations of CLsatI and CLsatII were detected in 2 ground lizards — D. derjugini and D. praticola, respectively. D. parvula predominantly carried CLsatIII. CLsatIV was found only in the Crimean species D. lindholmi. The distribution patterns of satellite subfamilies show possible postglacial speciation within the genus Darevskia. A hybrid origin of species that possess 2 or 3 CLsat subfamilies and important clarifications to the systematics of the genus are proposed.

Molecular evolution of a cytochrome P450 for the synthesis of potential antidepressant (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ansgar Bokel ◽  
Michael C. Hutter ◽  
Vlada B. Urlacher
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome P450 ◽  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
P450 Monooxygenase ◽  
Effective Synthesis

Engineered cytochrome P450 monooxygenase CYP154E1 enables the effective synthesis of the potential antidepressant (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine via N-demethylation and regio- and stereoselective hydroxylation of (R)-ketamine.

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