scholarly journals Getting a Full Dose? Reconsidering Sex Chromosome Dosage Compensation in the Silkworm, Bombyx mori

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 491-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Walters ◽  
Thomas J. Hardcastle
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

scholarly journals RNA sequencing reveals a complete but an unconventional type of dosage compensation in the domestic silkworm Bombyx mori

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 170261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gajula Gopinath ◽  
Kuchi Srikeerthana ◽  
Archana Tomar ◽  
Srikakolapu M. Ch. Sekhar ◽  
Kallare P. Arunkumar
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Microarray Data ◽  
Regulatory Mechanism ◽  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Gene Regulatory ◽  
Generation Sequencing ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori ◽  
Dose Difference

Sex chromosomal dose difference between sexes is often normalized by a gene regulatory mechanism called dosage compensation (DC). Studies indicate that DC mechanisms are generally effective in XY rather than ZW systems. However, DC studies in lepidopterans (ZW system) gave bewildering results. In Manduca sexta , DC was complete and in Plodia interpunctella , it was incomplete. In Heliconius species, dosage was found to be partly incomplete. In domesticated silkmoth Bombyx mori , DC studies have yielded contradictory results thus far, showing incomplete DC based on microarray data and a possible existence of DC based on recent reanalysis of same data. In this study, analysis of B. mori sexed embryos (78, 96 and 120 h) and larval heads using RNA sequencing suggest an onset of DC at 120 h. The average Z-linked expression is substantially less than autosomes, and the male-biased Z-linked expression observed at initial stages (78 and 96 h) gets almost compensated at 120 h embryonic stage and perfectly compensated in heads. Based on these findings, we suggest a complete but an unconventional type of DC, which may be achieved by reduced Z-linked expression in males (ZZ). To our knowledge, this is the first next-generation sequencing report showing DC in B. mori , clarifying the previous contradictions.

Identification and molecular characterization of a sex chromosome rearrangement causing a soft and pliable (spli) larval body phenotype in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Genome ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuguru Fujii ◽  
Seigo Kuwazaki ◽  
Kimiko Yamamoto ◽  
Hiroaki Abe ◽  
Akio Ohnuma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Rearrangement ◽  
Artificial Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Breakage ◽  
Z Chromosome ◽  
Larval Body ◽  
Cytogenetic Analyses ◽  
Eye Pigmentation ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

We carried out genetic and cytogenetic analyses of X-ray-induced deleterious Z chromosomes that result in a soft and pliable (spli) phenotype in the silkworm, Bombyx mori . In a B. mori strain with a spli phenotype, we found the Z chromosome broken between the sch (1–21.5) and od (1–49.6) loci. We also found a chromosomal fragment bearing a fifth-chromosome locus for egg and eye pigmentation fused to a Z chromosome fragment. By means of fluorescence in situ hybridization using bacterial artificial chromosome clones as probes, we confirmed that the fused chromosome is composed of a fragment of chromosome 5 and a fragment of the Z chromosome. Moreover, a predicted gene, GA002017, the Bombyx ortholog of the Drosophila gene acj6 (Bmacj6), was completely deleted by the Z chromosome breakage event. The relationship between Bmacj6 and the spli phenotype is discussed.

Molecular analysis of sex chromosome-linked mutants in the silkworm Bombyx mori

2010 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuguru Fujii ◽  
Hiroaki Abe ◽  
Toru Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

scholarly journals Dosage compensation in Bombyx mori is achieved by partial repression of both Z chromosomes in males

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leah F. Rosin ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Elissa P Lei
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Linked Gene ◽  
C Elegans ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Function Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

Interphase chromatin is organized precisely to facilitate accurate gene expression. The structure-function relationship of chromatin is epitomized in sex chromosome dosage compensation (DC), where sex-linked gene expression is balanced between males and females via sex-specific alterations to 3D chromosome structure. Studies in ZW-bearing species suggest that DC is absent or incomplete in most lineages except butterflies and moths, where male (ZZ) chZ expression is reduced by half to equal females (ZW). However, whether one chZ is inactivated (as in mammals) or both are partially repressed (as in C. elegans) is unknown. Using Oligopaints in the silkworm, Bombyx mori, we visualize autosome and chZ organization in somatic cells from both sexes for the first time. We find that B. mori interphase chromosomes are highly compact relative to Drosophila chromosomes. Importantly, we show that in B. mori males, both chZs are similar in size and shape and are more compact than autosomes or the female chZ after DC establishment, suggesting that both male chZs are partially and equally downregulated. We also find that in the early stages of DC, the female chZ repositions toward the nuclear center concomitant with increased Z-linked gene expression, revealing the first non-sequencing-based support for Ohno's hypothesis. These studies represent the first visualization of interphase genome organization and chZ structure in Lepidoptera. We uncover striking similarities between DC in B. mori and C. elegans, despite these lineages harboring evolutionarily distinct sex chromosomes (ZW/XY), suggesting convergent evolution of DC mechanisms and a possible role for holocentricity in DC evolution.

scholarly journals Correction to ‘RNA sequencing reveals a complete but an unconventional type of dosage compensation in the domestic silkworm Bombyx mori ’

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (8) ◽  
pp. 171023
Author(s):  
Gajula Gopinath ◽  
Kuchi Srikeerthana ◽  
Archana Tomar ◽  
Srikakolapu M. Ch. Sekhar ◽  
Kallare P. Arunkumar
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Rna Sequencing ◽  
Dosage Compensation ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Anti-diabetic effects of the silkworm (Bombyx mori.) extracts in the db/db mice

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
KS Ryu ◽  
HS Lee ◽  
KY Kim ◽  
MJ Kim ◽  
PD Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori

Silkworm Bombyx Mori – An Economic Insect

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (7) ◽  
pp. 535-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. SAVITHRI G. SAVITHRI ◽  
◽  
P. SUJATHAMMA P. SUJATHAMMA ◽  
V.Asha Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Bombyx Mori ◽  
Silkworm Bombyx Mori
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