Different structure of sessile oak stands affects soil moisture and soil CO2 efflux

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Darenova ◽  
Matjaž Čater
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Sessile Oak

scholarly journals Different Structure of Sessile Oak Stands Affects Soil Moisture and Soil CO2 Efflux

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Darenova ◽  
Matjaž Čater
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Sessile Oak

scholarly journals Significance of soil respiration from biological activity in the degradation processes of different types of organic matter

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Respiration ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Temperature Sensitivity ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Total Soil

Soil respiration is a major component of global carbon cycle. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the environmental controls on soil respiration for evaluating potential response of ecosystems to climate change. In a temperate deciduous forest (located in Northern-Hungary) we added or removed aboveground and belowground litter to determine total soil respiration. We investigated the relationship between total soil CO2 efflux, soil moisture, and soil temperature. Soil CO2 efflux was measured at each plot using soda-lime method. Temperature sensitivity of soil respiration (Q10) was monitored via measuring soil temperature on an hourly basis, while soil moisture was determined monthly. Soil respiration increased in control plots from the second year after implementing the treatment, but results showed fluctuations from one year to another. The effect of doubled litter was less significant than the effect of removal. Removed litter and root inputs caused substantial decrease in soil respiration. We found that temperature was more influential in the control of soil respiration than soil moisture. In plots with no litter Q10 varied in the largest interval. For treatment with doubled litter layer, temperature sensitivity of CO2 efflux did not change considerably. The effect of increasing soil temperature is more conspicuous to soil respiration in litter removal treatments since lack of litter causes greater irradiation. When exclusively leaf litter was considered, the effect of temperature on soil respiration was lower in treatments with added litter than with removed litter. Our results reveal that soil life is impacted by the absence of organic matter, rather than by an excess of organic matter. Results of CO2 emission from soils with different organic matter content can contribute to sustainable land use, considering the changed climatic factors caused by global climate change.

scholarly journals Hot-Moments of Soil CO2 Efflux in a Water-Limited Grassland

Soil Systems ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Vargas ◽  
Enrique Sánchez-Cañete P. ◽  
Penélope Serrano-Ortiz ◽  
Jorge Curiel Yuste ◽  
Francisco Domingo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Temporal Variability ◽  
Empirical Models ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Wavelet Coherence ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Fluxes ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Precipitation Pulses

The metabolic activity of water-limited ecosystems is strongly linked to the timing and magnitude of precipitation pulses that can trigger disproportionately high (i.e., hot-moments) ecosystem CO2 fluxes. We analyzed over 2-years of continuous measurements of soil CO2 efflux (Fs) under vegetation (Fsveg) and at bare soil (Fsbare) in a water-limited grassland. The continuous wavelet transform was used to: (a) describe the temporal variability of Fs; (b) test the performance of empirical models ranging in complexity; and (c) identify hot-moments of Fs. We used partial wavelet coherence (PWC) analysis to test the temporal correlation between Fs with temperature and soil moisture. The PWC analysis provided evidence that soil moisture overshadows the influence of soil temperature for Fs in this water limited ecosystem. Precipitation pulses triggered hot-moments that increased Fsveg (up to 9000%) and Fsbare (up to 17,000%) with respect to pre-pulse rates. Highly parameterized empirical models (using support vector machine (SVM) or an 8-day moving window) are good approaches for representing the daily temporal variability of Fs, but SVM is a promising approach to represent high temporal variability of Fs (i.e., hourly estimates). Our results have implications for the representation of hot-moments of ecosystem CO2 fluxes in these globally distributed ecosystems.

scholarly journals Response of Soil CO2 Efflux to Shelterwood Harvesting in a Mature Temperate Pine Forest

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 304
Author(s):  
Robin Thorne ◽  
Myroslava Khomik ◽  
Emily Hayman ◽  
Altaf Arain
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Carbon Exchange ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Harvesting ◽  
Ecosystem Carbon Exchange

In forest ecosystems, soil CO2 efflux is an important component of ecosystem respiration (RE), which is generally driven by variability in soil temperature and soil moisture. Tree harvesting in forests can alter the soil variables and, consequently, impact soil CO2 efflux. This study investigated the response of total soil CO2 efflux, and its components, to a shelterwood harvesting event of a mature temperate white pine (Pinus strobus L.) forest located in Southern Ontario, Canada. The objective was to explore the response of soil CO2 effluxes to changes in the forest microclimate, such as soil temperature and soil moisture, after shelterwood harvesting removed approximately one-third of the overstory canopy. No significant differences were found in both soil temperature and soil moisture between the pre-harvesting (2008–2011) and post-harvesting (2012–2014) periods. Despite similar soil microclimates, total soil CO2 effluxes were significantly reduced by up to 37%. Soil CO2 effluxes from heterotrophic sources were significantly reduced post-harvesting by approximately 27%, while no significant difference in the mineral-soil horizon sources were measured. An analysis of RE, measured with an eddy covariance tower over the study area, showed an increase post-harvesting. However, the overall net ecosystem carbon exchange showed no significant difference between pre- and post-harvesting. This was due to an increase in the gross ecosystem productivity post-harvesting, compensating for the increased losses (i.e., increased RE). This study highlights the complexities of soil CO2 efflux after a disturbance, such as a harvest. The knowledge gained from this study adds to our understanding of how shelterwood harvesting may influence ecosystem carbon exchange and will be useful for forest managers focused on carbon sequestration and forest conservation.

Contribution of soil moisture to seasonal and annual variations of soil CO2 efflux in a humid cool-temperate oak-birch forest in central Japan

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayaka Wenhong Kishimoto-Mo ◽  
Seiichiro Yonemura ◽  
Masaki Uchida ◽  
Miyuki Kondo ◽  
Shohei Murayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Birch Forest ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Cool Temperate

scholarly journals Vegetation heterogeneity and landscape position exert strong controls on soil CO<sub>2</sub> efflux in a moist, Appalachian watershed

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 17631-17673 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Atkins ◽  
H. E. Epstein ◽  
D. L. Welsch
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Landscape Position ◽  
Temperature Threshold ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Vegetation Heterogeneity

Abstract. In topographically complex watersheds, landscape position and vegetation heterogeneity can alter the soil water regime through both lateral and vertical redistribution, respectively. These alterations of soil moisture may have significant impacts on the spatial heterogeneity of biogeochemical cycles throughout the watershed. To evaluate how landscape position and vegetation heterogeneity affect soil CO2 efflux (FSOIL) we conducted observations across the Weimer Run watershed (373 ha), located near Davis, West Virginia, for three growing seasons with varying precipitation (2010 – 1042 mm; 2011 – 1739 mm; 2012 – 1244 mm; precipitation data from BDKW2 station, MesoWest, University of Utah). An apparent soil temperature threshold of 11 °C at 12 cm depth on FSOIL was observed in our data – where FSOIL rates greatly increase in variance above this threshold. For analysis, FSOIL values above this threshold were isolated and examined. Differences in FSOIL among years were apparent by elevation (F4,633 = 3.17; p = 0.013) and by vegetation cover (F4, 633 = 2.96; p = 0.019). For the Weimer Run watershed, vegetation exerts the major control on soil CO2 efflux (FSOIL), with the plots beneath shrubs at all elevations for all years showing the greatest mean rates of FSOIL (6.07 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) compared to plots beneath closed-forest canopy (4.69 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) and plots located in open, forest gaps (4.09 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1) plots. During periods of high soil moisture, we find that CO2 efflux rates are constrained and that maximum efflux rates in this system occur during periods of average to below average soil water availability. These findings offer valuable insight into the processes occurring within these topographically complex, temperate and humid systems, and the interactions of abiotic and biotic factors mediating biogeochemical cycles. With possible changing rainfall patterns as predicted by climate models, it is important to understand the couplings between water and carbon cycling at the watershed and landscape scales, and their potential dynamics under global change scenarios.

scholarly journals CO<sub>2</sub> efflux from soils with seasonal water repellency

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 4781-4794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilia Urbanek ◽  
Stefan H. Doerr
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Moisture Distribution ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
C Dynamics ◽  
Soil Moisture Distribution

Abstract. Soil carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are strongly dependent on pore water distribution, which in turn can be modified by reduced wettability. Many soils around the world are affected by soil water repellency (SWR), which reduces infiltration and results in diverse moisture distribution. SWR is temporally variable and soils can change from wettable to water-repellent and vice versa throughout the year. Effects of SWR on soil carbon (C) dynamics, and specifically on CO2 efflux, have only been studied in a few laboratory experiments and hence remain poorly understood. Existing studies suggest soil respiration is reduced with increasing severity of SWR, but the responses of soil CO2 efflux to varying water distribution created by SWR are not yet known.Here we report on the first field-based study that tests whether SWR indeed reduces soil CO2 efflux, based on in situ measurements carried out over three consecutive years at a grassland and pine forest sites under the humid temperate climate of the UK.Soil CO2 efflux was indeed very low on occasions when soil exhibited consistently high SWR and low soil moisture following long dry spells. Low CO2 efflux was also observed when SWR was absent, in spring and late autumn when soil temperatures were low, but also in summer when SWR was reduced by frequent rainfall events. The highest CO2 efflux occurred not when soil was wettable, but when SWR, and thus soil moisture, was spatially patchy, a pattern observed for the majority of the measurement period. Patchiness of SWR is likely to have created zones with two different characteristics related to CO2 production and transport. Zones with wettable soil or low persistence of SWR with higher proportion of water-filled pores are expected to provide water with high nutrient concentration resulting in higher microbial activity and CO2 production. Soil zones with high SWR persistence, on the other hand, are dominated by air-filled pores with low microbial activity, but facilitating O2 supply and CO2 exchange between the soil and the atmosphere.The effects of soil moisture and SWR on soil CO2 efflux are strongly co-correlated, but the results of this study support the notion that SWR indirectly affects soil CO2 efflux by affecting soil moisture distribution. The appearance of SWR is influenced by moisture and temperature, but once present, SWR influences subsequent infiltration patterns and resulting soil water distribution, which in turn affects respiration. This study demonstrates that SWR can have contrasting effects on CO2 efflux. It can reduce it in dry soil zones by preventing their re-wetting, but, at the field soil scale and when spatially variable, it can also enhance overall CO2 efflux. Spatial variability in SWR and associated soil moisture distribution therefore need to be considered when evaluating the effects of SWR on soil C dynamics under current and predicted future climatic conditions.

Soil moisture overshadows temperature control over soil CO2 efflux in a Pinus canariensis forest at treeline in Tenerife, Canary Islands

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Brito ◽  
José L. Trujillo ◽  
Domingo Morales ◽  
María Soledad Jiménez ◽  
Gerhard Wieser
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Pinus Canariensis
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document