scholarly journals Seedling survival within forest gaps: the effects of gap size, within-gap position and forest type on species of contrasting shade-tolerance in Northeast China

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deliang Lu ◽  
G Geoff Wang ◽  
Lizhong Yu ◽  
Ting Zhang ◽  
Jiaojun Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Northeast China ◽  
Shade Tolerance ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Gap Size ◽  
Forest Gaps

Influence of Site Factors on Incidence of Vole and Lemming Feeding Damage to Forest Plantations

1991 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas P. Sullivan ◽  
Wayne L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Pinus Contorta ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Lodgepole Pine ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Meadow Vole ◽  
Abies Lasiocarpa ◽  
Feeding Damage ◽  
Site Factors ◽  
Average Survival

Abstract The incidence of meadow vole (Microtus pennsylvanicus) and brown lemming (Lemmus sibiricus) feeding damage to young plantations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) and interior spruce (Picea glauca × Picea engelmannii) was studied in west-central British Columbia. Fifty-eight plantations were surveyed for seedling survival and stocking, and an additional 21 older plantations of lodgepole pine were surveyed for tree damage. Average survival of pine (47.7%) was significantly lower than that of spruce (56.0%). Because of mortality from vole feeding, 24 of the 58 plantations were not satisfactorily restocked. Planted trees were attacked significantly more than natural regeneration. Severely attacked plantations occurred in the spruce-subalpine fir (Abies lasiocarpa) forest type at elevations > 800 m on N to NE aspects. Susceptible plantations generally had mechanical or no site preparation with complex post-harvest debris and limited vegetation cover. West. J. Appl. For. 6(3):64-67.

scholarly journals Forest Gap Size Alters the Functional Diversity of Soil Nematode Communities in Alpine Forest Ecosystems

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 806
Author(s):  
Shen ◽  
Yang ◽  
Zhang ◽  
Xu ◽  
Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Nematode Community ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Gap Size ◽  
Forest Gap ◽  
Forest Gaps ◽  
Alpine Forest ◽  
Soil Nematode Community ◽  
Closed Canopy

Changes in the microenvironment driven by forest gaps have profound effects on soil nutrient cycling and litter decomposition processes in alpine forest ecosystems. However, it is unclear whether a similar forest gap effect occurs in the soil decomposer community. A field experiment was conducted in an alpine forest to investigate the composition and structure of the soil nematode community among four treatments, including under a closed canopy and in small (<10 m in diameter), medium (10‒15 m in diameter), and large (15‒20 m in diameter) gaps. A total of 92,787 individuals and 27 species (genera level) of soil nematode were extracted by elutriation and sugar centrifugation, respectively. Filenchus was the most abundant dominant taxa and represented 24.27%‒37.51% of the soil nematodes in the four treatments. Compared to the closed canopy, the forest gaps did not affect the composition, abundance, or species diversity of the soil nematode community but significantly affected the functional diversity of the soil nematode community. The maturity indices (MI, ∑MI, and MI2‒5) of the soil nematode community in the closed canopy were significantly lower than those in the forest gaps. Moreover, the proportion of plant parasitic index and maturity index (PPI/MI) values of the closed canopy and small gaps were significantly higher than those of the medium and large gaps. Our results suggest that the forest gap size substantially alters the functional diversity of soil nematodes in the debris food web, and changes in soil nematode community structure due to gap formation may have profound effects on soil biogeochemical processes in alpine forests.

scholarly journals Nitrogen addition impacts on the emissions of greenhouse gases depending on the forest type: a case study in Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijie Chen ◽  
Heikki Setälä ◽  
Shicong Geng ◽  
Shijie Han ◽  
Shuqi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Type A ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Changbai Mountain

Testing pathogen host specificity: a reciprocal field experiment in two types of tropical forest on Hainan, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Zheng ◽  
He He ◽  
Lin Xiao ◽  
Shixiao Yu
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Host Specificity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Soil Pathogens ◽  
Montane Rain Forest ◽  
Adult Trees

Abstract:The Janzen–Connell hypothesis suggests that highly specific pathogens decrease seedling survival close to the parent plant; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, we tested the host specificity of soil pathogens to germinating seeds of Cyclobalanopsis fleuryi and Cryptocarya chinensis in tropical montane rain forest and cloud forest on Hainan, south China. Rhizospheric soils surrounding eight adult trees per species were collected in each forest type and divided into five soil treatments: parent, fungicide-sterilized, autoclave-sterilized, Fusarium-added and Pythium-added soils. Surface-sterilized seeds were sown in each of the five soil treatments and grown in two forest types. The seed germination percentages were significantly higher in sterilized soils (C. fleuryi, 41.5%; C. chinensis, 29.4%) than in non-sterilized soils (C. fleuryi, 28.3%; C. chinensis, 17.1%) in montane rain forest. The seed germination percentages in rhizospheric soil of conspecific parent trees were significantly lower in montane rain forest (C. fleuryi, 17.3%; C. chinensis, 10.5%) than in cloud forest (C. fleuryi, 37.1%; C. chinensis, 21.1%). Our results also suggest that the level of pathogen activity in each tree species varies depending on the environment. Our results support the hypothesis that host-specific pathogens shape tree species composition by differentially affecting seed germination under different environmental conditions.

Effects of forest type and urbanization on carbon storage of urban forests in Changchun, Northeast China

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Haifeng Zheng ◽  
Zhibin Ren ◽  
Chang Zhai ◽  
Guoqiang Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Storage ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Urban Forests

FOREST REGENERATION QUALITY ASSESSMENT BY ASTA SYSTEM

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karlis DUMINS ◽  
Toms STALS ◽  
Dagnija LAZDINA
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Forest Regeneration ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Monitoring Methods ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Soil Preparation ◽  
Micro Topography

In Latvia one third of the total forest area is regenerated by planting tree seedlings and therefore it is important to choose the appropriate soil preparation method and the right type of regeneration material for each forest type. Usually the success of afforestation is evaluated by how high is the average seedling survival rate and growth parameters like height, annual increment, diameter at breast height while the location of the seedling is disregarded. This may be of great importance since in such stands the environmental conditions typically are not entirely homogenous. Micro topography differences impact seedling growth, because it modifies water regime, temperature, micronutrient availability, sun radiation and other factors. Therefore, aim of this work is to improve monitoring methods and determine the most efficient soil preparation and seedling preparation combination to improve the quality of forest regeneration. That could be done using ASTA documentation system originally developed to show seedling and mound location and density in planting area during mechanic planting. But it also allows to link the precise location of the seedling and growing conditions with its growing rate and survival and therefore it is easier to exclude seedlings that are affected by other factors than those that you are interested in, so you can gain more representative results. This also could be used in forest management. When using ASTA system it is also possible to display how different tree disease are distributed in the stand, if they have spread eventually or localized only in some parts of the stand, also it can be used for browsing and other tree damage monitoring in the stand. In conclusion: in harsh environmental conditions on unprepared forest soil and soil prepared in furrows made by disc trench larger seedlings show better survival rate. Survival of seedlings is significantly impacted by micro topography, whereas mounded micro sites equalize local environmental conditions that reduce impact of micro topography.

Seed reserves and light intensity affect the growth and mycorrhiza development of the seedlings of an Australian rain-forest tree

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Gehring
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Shade Tolerance ◽  
Seedling Survival ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Light ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Deep Shade ◽  
Seed Reserves

Interspecific variation in seed size can affect seedling establishment in the light-limited understorey of rain forests. Large seeds with extensive seed reserves may allow seedlings to (1) persist in the deep shade, thereby increasing the likelihood of exposure to a canopy gap (Leishman & Westoby 1994, Saverimuttu & Westoby 1996); (2) promote growth, thereby allowing seedlings to reach higher light strata or to develop sufficient photosynthetic tissue to meet their energy needs in low light (Foster 1986); and (3) allow compensation for tissue losses to herbivores and pathogens (Armstrong & Westoby 1993, Foster 1986, Harms & Dalling 1997). However, comparisons of shade tolerance among species that vary in seed size have produced conflicting results; short-term seedling survival was strongly positively associated with seed size in several studies (Grime & Jeffrey 1965, Leishman & Westoby 1994), but only weakly in others (Augspurger 1984, Grubb & Metcalfe 1996).

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document