scholarly journals Multi-scale assessments highlight silvicultural opportunities to increase species diversity and spatial variability in forests

2013 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. Puettmann ◽  
J. C. Tappeiner
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Multi Scale

scholarly journals Multi-scale analysis on species diversity within a 40-ha old-growth temperate forest

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Gao ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Xing Zhang ◽  
Yanhong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Temperate Forest ◽  
Scale Analysis ◽  
Old Growth ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Multi Scale Analysis

scholarly journals Examining the Local Spatial Variability of Robberies in Saint Louis Using a Multi-Scale Methodology

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Smith ◽  
J. Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Block Group ◽  
Saint Louis ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Spatial Lag Model ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Lag Model ◽  
The City

The current study spatially examines the local variability of robbery rates in the City of Saint Louis, Missouri using both census tract and block group data disaggregated and standardized to the 250- and 500-m raster grid spatial scale. The Spatial Lag Model (SLM) indicated measures of race and stability as globally influencing robbery rates. To explore these relationships further, Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) was used to determine the local spatial variability. We found that the standardized census tract data appeared to be more powerful in the models, while standardized block group data were more precise. Similarly, the 250-m grid offered greater accuracy, while the 500-m grid was more robust. The GWR models explained the local varying spatial relationships between race and stability and robbery rates in St. Louis better than the global models. The local models indicated that social characteristics occurring at higher-order geographies may influence robbery rates in St. Louis.

scholarly journals The Importance of Multi-Scale Temporal and Spatial Management for Cemetery Trees in Malmö, Sweden

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Quinton ◽  
Johan Östberg ◽  
Peter N. Duinker
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Urban Forests ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Temporal Scales ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Scales ◽  
Tree Management ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Age Class ◽  
Management Plans

Research Highlights: A large body of research highlighted the important contributions that urban forests make to cities and their inhabitants. However, our urban forests face threats from issues such as rapid urbanization, climate change, and the spread of pests and diseases. As such, proactive and effective management is necessary to ensure their long-term sustainability. Given the multiple spatial and temporal scales on which threats can arise, effective management needs to account for these scales and adjust accordingly. The degree to which this currently happens is unclear. Background and Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the role of multi-scale management in urban forestry, using cemeteries in Malmö, Sweden as a case study. Cemeteries can provide extensive tree canopy but are not readily considered in urban forest management. We sought to determine (1) the threats to the current cemetery tree populations, (2) the extent of multi-scale cemetery tree management, (3) whether tree management plans promote multi-scale management, and (4) how cemetery tree management can be improved. Materials and Methods: Malmö cemetery tree inventories were analyzed with respect to size class and species diversity. Existing cemetery tree management plans were examined to determine the spatial and temporal scales of their recommendations. Interviews were conducted with cemetery managers to determine management priorities and actions. Results: We found that cemetery tree populations in Malmö suffer from a lack of age class and species diversity. Management tends to occur on short time scales and efforts focus mainly on addressing individual trees, although some consideration is given to large-scale species diversification. The management plans previously created for these cemetery trees make recommendations for age class and species diversification but are yet to be used extensively by cemetery managers. Conclusions: The long-term stability of Malmö’s cemetery tree populations is threatened by a lack of species and age diversity. Current management efforts emphasize addressing small-scale issues. Although there is a desire to improve species diversity, this can cause conflict with existing cultural values.

Spatial Variability of Soil Particle-Size Distribution Heterogeneity in Farmland

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-601
Author(s):  
Jilong Liu ◽  
Lingling Zhang ◽  
Qiang Fu ◽  
Gaoqi Ren ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Soil Particle Size ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Soil Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Single Scale

Abstract. The objective of this research was to reveal the spatial variability of soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity. The farmland (48 m × 48 m) used in this study is located in the black soil region of northeast China and was divided into sixty-four 6 m × 6 m squares for sampling. The soil particle-size distribution was measured with a Mastersizer 2000. Soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity, the spatial variability of soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity, and the relationships between soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity and the clay, silt, and sand contents were studied by applying multifractal, geostatistical, and joint multifractal methods, respectively. The soil particle-size distribution had multifractal characteristics. Local information causing soil particle-size distribution heterogeneities were mainly low values of soil particle-size distribution; heterogeneities from the low-value side of the particle-size distribution were larger than those from the high-value side of the particle-size distribution. In the different soil layers, the degree of variation in soil particle-size distribution heterogeneities was moderate, with spatial correlation ranges of 37.82 m and moderate spatial dependences. At the single scale and multi-scale, the impacts of the clay, silt, and sand contents on the soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity changed with soil layer depth. The clay, silt, and sand contents had different degrees of influence on the spatial variability of soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity at the single scale and multi-scale. Multi-scale analysis could better reveal the degrees of influence of the above soil properties on the spatial variability of soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity. The results of this study enrich the knowledge of the spatial variability of soil properties and provide a reference and additional information for the quantitative characterization of soil particle-size distribution heterogeneity and soil management in this research area. Keywords: Geostatistics, Multifractal analysis, Relationship, Soil property.

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