scholarly journals Site index curves for Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. in southern Belgium: effect of site on curve shape

2004 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Thibaut
Keyword(s):  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Curve Shape

scholarly journals Site-index Curve Shape in Spruce

1969 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 184-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Heger
Keyword(s):  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Black Spruce ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Curve Shape ◽  
Breast Height ◽  
Maximum Absolute Difference ◽  
Site Index Curve ◽  
Index Curve

Sets of site-index curves were prepared from stem analyses of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) and black spruce (P. mariana (Mill.) BSP.) from various regions in the boreal forest of Canada. Ordinates of the site-index curves, computed for 5-year breast-height age intervals up to 75 years, and for 10-foot site-index intervals up to 70 feet, were compared within the species for the same values of site index and age. For breast-height ages below 55 years and for site index below 70 feet, the maximum absolute difference among the ordinates did not exceed 2.0 feet in white spruce, and 1.6 feet in black spruce; the corresponding average deviations were 0.75 and 0.80 feet. For breast-height ages above 55 years, these differences increased with age and, at 75 years, reached 8.8 feet in white spruce, and 3.8 feet in black spruce; the corresponding average deviations were 4.40 and 1.53 feet.

Dry matter amounts and increment in 21- to 91-year-old common alder and grey alder and some practical implications

1999 ◽  
Vol 29 (11) ◽  
pp. 1679-1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tord Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Alnus Glutinosa ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Growth Data ◽  
Area Index ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Soil Groups

Growth data were collected from 32 stands of common alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) and 26 stands of grey alder (Alnus incana (L.) Moench) growing on forest land in Sweden. The stands ranged in latitude from 56 to 60°N and from 58 to 63°N, respectively. The mean ages of common and grey alder stands were 48 (range 21-91) and 40 years (range 21-66), respectively; the mean stand densities were 1114 (range 431-2994) and 1854 stems/ha (range 546-4031), respectively; and the mean diameters at breast height (outside bark) were 21 (range 12-28) and 17 cm (range 9-25). No statistically significant differences in site index were found among the four soil groups in common alder stands or among the three soil groups in grey alder stands. The mean total dry mass above stump level was 152 t·ha-1 with a range of 73-257 t·ha-1 for common alder stands and 139 t·ha-1 with a range of 82-218 t·ha-1 for grey alder stands. Mean annual mass increments outside bark for common and grey alders were 3.5 and 3.4 t·ha-1, respectively. Mean leaf area index was 2.85 for common alder stands and 3.04 for grey alder stands. Mean specific leaf area was 13.3 m2·kg-1 for common alder and 12.8 m2·kg-1 for grey alder. Some recommendations for management of common and grey alder stands are given.

Effect of Index Age on the Precision of Site Index

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Heger
Keyword(s):  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Random Error ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Regression Method ◽  
Curve Shape ◽  
Breast Height

Effect of index age on the probable size of random error in site index was evaluated by comparing the 95% confidence interval for site index by curves based on index age 50 years at breast height (BH) with that by curves based on index age 100 years at BH. The curves were constructed using the regression method and stem analyses of 181 dominant white spruce trees (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss). Using curves based on index age 100, a 10-ft index class could not be identified with 95% confidence for BH ages below about 50 years even if these curves were entered with sample averages of 50 dominant heights. Using curves based on index age 50, a 10-ft index class could be identified with 95% confidence for BH ages 20–100 years if these curves were entered with sample averages of at least 15 dominant heights. Effect of index age on the outcome of curve shape comparisons was discussed.

The study for constant force characteristic of C-shaped superelastic SMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 1253-1259
Author(s):  
Minghui Wang ◽  
Hongliu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloys ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Medical Device ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Computational Simulation ◽  
Force Characteristic ◽  
Constant Force ◽  
Curve Shape ◽  
Artificial Sphincter ◽  
Round Bar

Clamping devices with constant force or pressure are desired in medical device, such as hemostatic forceps and the artificial sphincter, to prevent soft tissues from injures due to overloading. It is easily obtained by stretching an SMA wire. However, studies with SMA bending round bar have seldom been reported before. This paper studied constant force characteristic of C-shaped round bar with shape memory alloys. Optimization designs of the components were carried out with computational simulation. Numerical results show that the phenomenon of constant force strongly depends on contour curve shape and geometric dimensions of the C-shaped round bar of SMA component.

Estimating Site Index in Even-Aged Northern Hardwood Stands

1982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gayne G. Erdmann ◽  
Ralph M. Jr. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Site Index ◽  
Northern Hardwood
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