The Pine Shoot Beetle Tomicus piniperda as a Vector of Blue Stain Fungi to Windblown Pine

1991 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. GIBBS ◽  
A. INMAN
Keyword(s):  
Tomicus Piniperda ◽  
Pine Shoot Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain

Blue Stain Fungi Associated with Tomicus piniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) on Japanese Red Pine

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayato Masuya ◽  
Shigeru Kaneko ◽  
Yuichi Yamaoka
Keyword(s):  
Red Pine ◽  
Tomicus Piniperda ◽  
Japanese Red Pine ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain

Pathogenicity of the blue-stain fungi Leptographiumwingfieldii and Ophiostomaminus to Scots pine: effect of tree pruning and inoculum density

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1438-1443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halvor Solheim ◽  
Bo Långström ◽  
Claes Hellqvist
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Inoculum Density ◽  
Inoculation Density ◽  
Pine Shoot Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Tree Pruning

The pathogenicity of the blue-stain fungi Leptographiumwingfieldii Morelet and Ophiostomaminus (Hedge.) H. et P. Syd., associated with the pine shoot beetle Tomicuspiniperda (L.), was determined on pruned and unpruned Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) trees. Both fungi killed unpruned trees when inoculated in a 60 cm wide band at a density of 800 inoculations/m2, while severely pruned trees were killed by an inoculation density of 400 inoculations/m2. Trees inoculated with L. wingfieldii died sooner after inoculation than trees inoculated with O. minus.

scholarly journals Endemic Jeffrey Pine Beetle Associates: Beetle/Mite Fungal Dissemination Strategies and Interactions That May Influence Beetle Population Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1641
Author(s):  
Javier E. Mercado ◽  
Beatriz Ortiz-Santana ◽  
Shannon L. Kay
Keyword(s):  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetle ◽  
Jeffrey Pine ◽  
Mutualistic Interaction ◽  
Pine Beetle ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Grosmannia Clavigera ◽  
Mutualistic Fungus ◽  
Jeffrey Pine Beetle

Fungal and mite associates may drive changes in bark beetle populations, and mechanisms constraining beetle irruptions may be hidden in endemic populations. We characterized common fungi of endemic-level Jeffrey pine beetle (JPB) in western USA and analyzed their dissemination by JPB (maxillae and fecal pellet) and fungivorous mites to identify if endogenous regulation drove the population. We hypothesized that: (1) as in near-endemic mountain pine beetle populations, JPB’s mutualistic fungus would either be less abundant in endemic than in non-endemic populations or that another fungus may be more prevalent; (2) JPB primarily transports its mutualistic fungus, while its fungivorous mites primarily transport another fungus, and (3) based on the prevalence of yeasts in bark beetle symbioses, that a mutualistic interaction with blue-stain fungi present in that system may exist. Grosmannia clavigera was the most frequent JPB symbiont; however, the new here reported antagonist, Ophiostoma minus, was second in frequency. As hypothesized, JPB mostly carried its mutualist fungus while another fungus (i.e., antagonistic) was mainly carried by mites, but no fungal transport was obligate. Furthermore, we found a novel mutualistic interaction between the yeast Kuraishia molischiana and G. clavigera which fostered a growth advantage at temperatures associated with beetle colonization.

scholarly journals Influence of Natural and Artificial Weathering on the Colour Change of Different Wood and Wood-Based Materials

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davor Kržišnik ◽  
Boštjan Lesar ◽  
Nejc Thaler ◽  
Miha Humar
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Natural Weathering ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Artificial Weathering ◽  
Blue Stain Fungi ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Blue Stain ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
The Aesthetic

The importance of the aesthetic performance of wood is increasing and the colour is one of the most important parameters of aesthetics, hence the colour stability of twelve different wood-based materials was evaluated by several in-service and laboratory tests. The wood used for wooden façades and decking belongs to a group of severely exposed surfaces. Discolouration of wood in such applications is a long-known phenomenon, which is a result of different biotic and abiotic causes. The ongoing in-service trial started in October 2013, whilst a laboratory test mimicking seasonal exposure was performed in parallel. Samples were exposed to blue stain fungi (Aureobasidium pullulans and Dothichiza pithyophila) in a laboratory test according to the EN 152 procedure. Afterwards, the same samples were artificially weathered and re-exposed to the same blue stain fungi for the second time. The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the synergistic effect of weathering and staining. The broader aim of the study was to determine the correlation factors between artificial and natural weathering and to compare laboratory and field test data of fungal disfigurement of various bio-based materials. During the four years of exposure, the most prominent colour changes were determined on decking. Respective changes on the façade elements were significantly less prominent, being the lest evident on the south and east façade. The results showed that there are positive correlations between natural weathering and the combination of artificial weathering and blue staining. Hence, the artificial weathering of wood-based materials in the laboratory should consist of two steps, blue staining and artificial weathering, in order to simulate colour changes.

scholarly journals The pine shoot beetle Tomicus piniperda as a plausible vector of Fusarium circinatum in northern Spain

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (8) ◽  
pp. 1079-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Bezos ◽  
Pablo Martínez-Álvarez ◽  
Julio J. Diez ◽  
Mercedes M. Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Tomicus Piniperda ◽  
Fusarium Circinatum ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Pine Shoot Beetle
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