Beneficial biofilms for land rehabilitation and fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 367 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Soil Degradation ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Bacterial Biofilms ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Microbial Inoculation

ABSTRACT The acquisition of a biofilm lifestyle is common in nature for microorganisms. It increases their biotic and abiotic stress tolerance and their capability to provide ecosystem services. Although diminutive communities, soil beneficial biofilms are essential for nutrient cycling, soil stabilization and direct or indirect promotion of plant development. Some biofilms represent valid biotechnological tools to deal with problems related to soil degradation, which threat food quality and the maintenance of ecosystem functions. Three genres of biofilms: rhizobacterial biofilms, fungal-bacterial biofilms and biocrusts are reviewed, and their beneficial effects on the environment outlined. Their induction by microbial inoculation represents a potential eco-friendly and sustainable approach to restore lost ecosystem functions and counteract the effects of soil erosion. Yet, some existing knowledge and methodological gaps, that will be discussed here, still hamper the optimization of this technology, and its application at its full potential.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Identification of WRKY Family Genes and Analysis of Their Expression in Response to Abiotic Stress in Ginkgo biloba L.

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1100-1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuiyuan CHENG ◽  
Xiaomeng LIU ◽  
Yongling LIAO ◽  
Weiwei ZHANG ◽  
Jiabao YE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Response Modes ◽  
Wrky Proteins

Ginkgo biloba is widely planted, and the extracts of leaves contain flavonoids, terpene esters and other medicinal active ingredients. WRKY proteins are a large transcription factor family in plants, which play an important role in the regulation of plant secondary metabolism and development, as well as the response to biotic and abiotic stress. In our study, we identified 40 genes with conserved WRKY motifs in the G. biloba genome and classified into groups I (groups I-N and -C), II (groups IIa, b, c, d, and e), and III, which include 12, 26, and 2 GbWRKY genes, respectively. Meanwhile, the expression patterns of 10 GbWRKY (GbWRKY2, GbWRKY3, GbWRKY5, GbWRKY7, GbWRKY11, GbWRKY15, GbWRKY23, GbWRKY29, GbWRKY31, GbWRKY32) under different tissue and abiotic stress conditions were analyzed. Under stress treatment, the expression patterns of 10 WRKY genes were changed. 10 ginkgo WRKY transcription factors were induced by ETH and SA, but there are two different induced response modes. The expression of 10 WRKY genes was inhibited under low temperature, high temperature and MeJA hormone induction. Most WRKY genes were up-regulated under the induction of high salt and ABA. GbWRKYs were differentially expressed in various tissues after abiotic stress and plant hormone treatments, thereby indicating their possible roles in biological processes and abiotic stress tolerance and adaptation. Our results provided insight into the genome-wide identification of GbWRKYs, as well as their differential responses to stresses and hormones. These data can also be utilized to identify potential molecular targets to confer tolerance to various stresses in G. biloba.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Use of wild Pennisetum species for improving biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in pearl millet

Crop Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shivali Sharma ◽  
Rajan Sharma ◽  
Mahesh Pujar ◽  
Devvart Yadav ◽  
Yashpal Yadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress

scholarly journals Genetic improvement of rice for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 911-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood-ur ANSARI ◽  
Tayyaba SHAHEEN ◽  
Shazia Anwer BUKHARI ◽  
Tayyab HUSNAIN
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress

Studies on Rhizosphere-Bacteria mediated Biotic and Abiotic stress tolerance in Chickpea (Cicer arietinumL.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankita Sarkar ◽  
Jai Singh Patel ◽  
Sudheer Yadav ◽  
Birinchi K. Sarma ◽  
Jai Singh Srivastava ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Rhizosphere Bacteria ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress

scholarly journals IMPROVEMENT FOR BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC STRESS TOLERANCE IN CROP PLANTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahmad ◽  
Q Ali ◽  
MM Hafeez ◽  
A Malik
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Biotic Stress ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
The World ◽  
Dioxygenase Enzymes

The field of biotechnology has extraordinary influence on science, law, the administrative condition social insurance, and business throughout the world. As the starting of agriculture, people have been manipulating crops to improve the yield and quantity. Product yields throughout the world are essentially diminished by the activity of herbivorous insects, pathogens, and parasites. Natural environmental stresses make this circumstance significantly worse. Biotechnology can be used to increase the yield of food crops, to improve biotic and abiotic stress tolerance, to modify the traits of the plant (e.g. oil content, percentage of lignin, cell structure), to make the conversion to liquid biofuels more efficient. Various genes have been discovered for biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. The genes discovered for biotic stress are aryloxyalkanoate, dioxygenase, enzymes (aad-1), nitrilase, Cry1Ac, Cry2AB, GTgene, AFP (anti-freezing protein gene) gene, Chitinase II and III gene, and Rps1-k. The genes discovered for abiotic stress are SgNCED1, SgNCED1, USP2, HSP70, BADH, and ALO, PVNCED1, HVA1, LeNCED1. CRISPRs (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats) are the short DNA sequences present in bacteria and archaeal genomes which are now currently used by researchers to edit the genome. In different plant species (calli, leaf discs) protoplasts have been successfully used to edit their genome through CRISPR/Cas9 system. The aims of the applications are to increase resistance to abiotic or biotic stress, to engineer metabolic pathways, and to increase grain yield. Incorporation of modern biotechnology, with regular traditional practices in a sustainable way, can fulfill the objective of achieving food security for the present and as well as in future.

scholarly journals Soil and phytomicrobiomes for plant growth and soil fertility

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ajar Nath Yadav ◽  
Divjot Kour ◽  
Amrik Singh Ahluwalia
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Abiotic Stress Tolerance ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Extreme Environments ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stress ◽  
Hormonal Stimulation ◽  
Effective Manner

Soil is the basic requirement for agriculture crop production and simultaneously the microbial activity is important to improve soil health for healthy crop growth because microbial communities play an important role in building a complex link between plants and soil. Microbiomes from plants, soil and extreme environments are naturally gifted with amazing capabilities which play significant roles in the maintenance of global nutrient balance and ecosystem functions. The microbiomes from diverse niches have in fact emerged as potential tools for improving the plant growth and productivity by diverse mechanisms include solubilization of nutrients, nitrogen fixation, hormonal stimulation as well as biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Further, these microbiomes have an immense potential to maintain soil health and fertility. Thus, dependent on their mode of action and effects, these microbiomes can be used as biofertilizers, biopesticides, plant strengtheners, and phytostimulators which will play a major role in improving productivity and achieving sustainability in an eco-friendly, economical and cost effective manner.

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