Economic Outcomes of Immigrants with Different Migration Motives: The Role of Labour Market Policies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Kanas ◽  
Stephanie Steinmetz
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Family Reunification ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
Refugee Immigrants

Abstract This paper studies the role of labour market policies for economic outcomes of immigrants with different migration motives. Using two recent European Union Labour Force Surveys ad hoc modules and applying country fixed-effects models, we examine if labour market policies can alleviate the economic disadvantage of family reunification and refugee immigrants in comparison to economic immigrants. In line with previous studies, we find that even after controlling for differences in human capital and socio-demographic characteristics, family reunification, and particularly refugee immigrants have considerably lower labour force participation and employment rates, and when employed, work fewer hours and have a lower occupational status than economic immigrants. However, we also find that the economic disadvantage of family reunification and refugee immigrants is significantly smaller in countries with more extensive labour market policies. These findings hold for the overall labour market mobility index as well as its specific sub-dimensions: general and targeted support and workers’ rights.

Benchmarking employment performance and labour market policies: the results of the Research project

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 542-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonello Tronti
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Market Efficiency ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Research Network ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
Project Report

The paper presents the main findings of the project 'Benchmarking employment performance and labour market policies' conducted by the Research Network of the European Employment Observatory, under the direction of the author. After a preliminary overview of the analytical areas covered and the topics contained in the project report (para. 2), the paper considers the role of benchmarking in the implementation of the European Employment Strategy (para. 3). It goes on to present the main results and observations deriving from the whole project (para. 4), discussing some of the conceptual and methodological issues arising from the use of benchmarking techniques to foster convergence in labour market efficiency, employment performance, labour market policies and firms' human resource management. Some brief concluding remarks (para. 6) address the institutional implications that arise in the implementation of an effective benchmarking procedure aimed at meeting the requirements of the European Employment Strategy.

scholarly journals Expectations of employers on the example of Słupsk local labour market (with the particular emphasis on the need for geographical competences)

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Paulina Szmielińska-Pietraszek ◽  
Wioletta Szymańska
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Practical Training ◽  
Local Labour Market ◽  
Local Labour ◽  
Geographic Knowledge ◽  
Basic Characteristics

AbstractOn today's labour markets, the basic characteristics of the quality of the labour force is knowledge, qualifications, skills and experience possessed by it. Today, employers are looking for employees with high interpersonal competences, manners, responsible, hard-working, independent, honest and having the ability to learn quickly. For this, as an asset, they add the higher education, preferably directional, creativity and experience. The taken research area is characterized by economic lag in comparison with Gdańsk agglomeration area, as well as with other regions. In the article the reference was made to the declared needs of employers towards future employees, based on interviews conducted in 101 entities of the city of Słupsk and Słupsk county. The main aim of the research was to determine the usefulness of geographic knowledge for the local labour market. And thus indicating the possibility of increasing the attractiveness of geographical graduates in the labour market. Among the needs of employers of Słupsk labour market in accordance with the overall national trend, there is a large deficit of soft competencies, but also, among others, the gap typically professional related to information technology and engineering skills have been diagnosed. There has been a large gap identified in the ability to apply the knowledge (academic) in practical activities, which is called by the employers 'the professional experience'. In contrast, the studies on the usefulness of (the attractiveness of the labour market) competencies that are possible to learn while studying geography, showed the particular importance, valuable for the modern labour market skills of searching, collecting and processing of information. Currently in Poland, even in conditions of high unemployment existing mismatch between qualification and professional structure of supply and demand for labour can be observed. In the labour market, the presence is noted at the same time, the deficit and surplus professions and employers tend to have difficulty in recruiting people with specific skills and vocational skills. Not innovative small entities (which predominate in the structure of entities, inter alia, in Słupsk local labour market) are not able to take over the education of strictly professional competences due to a lack of capital. The role of practical education courses for universities is visible here. They are accumulating equipment and supplies for practical training which may in a flexible way try to respond to changing economic conditions.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION OF THE JOB-SEEKER STOCK IN LABOUR MARKET MATCHING :A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER APPROACH

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Sanna Mari Hynninen
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Matching Function ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Job Seekers ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Local Labour

This paper investigates the technical efficiency of labour market matching taking a stochastic frontierapproach. The data set consists of monthly data from 145 Local Labour Offices (LLOs) in Finland over theperiod 1995/01-2004/09. The true fixed-effects model is utilised in order to separate cross-sectionalheterogeneity from inefficiency. According to the results, there are notable differences in matching efficiencybetween regions, and these differences contribute significantly to the number of filled vacancies. If all regionswere as efficient as the most efficient one, the number of total matches per month would increase by over 10%. If inefficiency had no role in the matching function, the number of matches would increase by almost 24 %.The weight of the composition of the job-seeker stock and other environmental variables in the determinationof matching inefficiency is on average 61 %. In particular, job seekers out of the labour force and highlyeducated job seekers improve technical efficiency in the matching function

scholarly journals The Role of Institutional Quality in Health Expenditure-Labour Force Participation Nexus in Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaide Sekinat Opeloyeru ◽  
Temitope Olanike Faronbi ◽  
Isiaka Akande Raifu
Keyword(s):  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Labour Force Participation ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Government Health ◽  
Government Health Expenditure

Abstract The study investigated the role of institutional quality in the relationship between health expenditure and labour force participation (LFP) in Africa, taking into consideration two forms of health expenditures (government health expenditure (GHE) and out-of-pocket health expenditure (OOPHE)) and gender labour force participation dichotomy. We employed data of 39 African countries for the period between 2000 and 2018 using Panel Fixed Effects with Driscoll and Kraay standard errors and two-stage System Generalised Method of Moments (GMM). The results revealed that government health expenditure yields an increasing effect on total, female, and male LFP. OOPHE, in most cases, leads to a decline in LFP. The institutional quality was found to be detrimental to LFP. The magnitude of the positive effect of government health expenditure on LFP is reduced by the interaction of institutional quality with government expenditure. In conclusion, we advocate for the improvement in institutional apparatuses across African countries. JEI CODE: E62; H51; J21; O43

scholarly journals Assessing Labour Market Vulnerability among Young People

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-213
Author(s):  
Theo Sparreboom ◽  
Lubna Shahnaz
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Vulnerability Framework ◽  
Made In

Labour market performance in Pakistan has improved markedly in recent years. This paper examines the extent to which young people have benefited from this improvement, using the labour market vulnerability framework that was recently introduced by the ILO. This framework can be used to assess the difficulties young people face on the road to decent employment, and may also serve as a basis for the development of appropriate policies and interventions. Drawing on empirical evidence from various surveys, in particular the Labour Force Survey, we conclude that vulnerability among the youth has generally been reduced since 1999-2000. Vulnerability of women has been reduced through higher enrolment rates in education, and unemployment among both men and women has declined. Far less progress has been made in reducing vulnerability among the employed, and youth still face numerous obstacles that hamper the attainment of decent employment. The paper offers recommendations on the role of labour market information in reducing youth vulnerability. JEL classification: J40, J13 Keyword: Labour Market; Youth; Pakistan

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