Effects of mesenchymal stem cell transfer on orthodontically induced root resorption and orthodontic tooth movement during orthodontic arch expansion protocols: an experimental study in rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
Nisa Gul Amuk ◽  
Gokmen Kurt ◽  
Erol Karsli ◽  
Servet Ozcan ◽  
Mustafa Burak Acar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Retention Period ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
And Control ◽  
Expansion Period

Summary Objectives The aim was to evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transfer to periodontal ligament (PDL) on the inhibition and/or repair of orthodontically induced root resorption (OIRR) during and after arch expansion and on the orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) rate of the maxillary first molar teeth of rats. Material and methods Sixty Wistar rats were divided into three groups as the untreated group, MSC and control injections during the expansion period group (EMSC-EC), and MSC and control injections at the retention period group (RMSC-RC). Fifty grams of orthodontic force was applied to the maxillary first molar teeth of the rats for 14 days in the vestibular direction, and then, 20 days of retention was carried out. MSCs and control injections were performed every 3 days in the EC, RC, EMSC, and RMSC groups. At the end of the experiment, samples were prepared for OTM evaluation, mRNA expression analysis, micro-computed tomography measurements, cementum thickness calculations, and structural examinations. Results The amount of OTM in EMSC group was significantly higher than in EC group (P < 0.001). MSC transfer during the expansion and retention periods reduced the number of resorption lacunae, volumetric and linear resorptive measurements, and cyclooxygenase-2 and receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) mRNA expression levels, and increased the osteoprotegerin (OPG) expression levels, OPG/RANKL ratio, and cementum thickness in the EMSC and RMSC groups. Conclusions MSC transfer to PDL during expansion increased the amount of OTM. Injection of MSC during the retention period was found to be slightly more effective in prevention and/or repair of OIRR than MSC transfer during the expansion period.

scholarly journals Effect of a DPP-4 Inhibitor on Orthodontic Tooth Movement and Associated Root Resorption

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jiawei Qi ◽  
Hideki Kitaura ◽  
Wei-Ren Shen ◽  
Saika Ogawa ◽  
Fumitoshi Ohori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Objectives. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are used as a treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus and have also recently been applied to enhance bone quality and density, and increase the expression of bone markers. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a DPP-4 inhibitor on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and related root resorption in a mouse model. Materials and Methods. Mice were randomly divided into three groups: those undergoing OTM with the addition of a DPP-4 inhibitor (30 μg), those undergoing OTM and receiving phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and those without force loading (control group). OTM was achieved by means of a nickel–titanium closed coil spring that moved the first molar in a mesial direction for 12 days. The distance of OTM was measured using silicone impression. Maxillae were removed for histological analysis or real-time PCR analysis. Results. The distance of OTM and the number of osteoclasts were significantly decreased after administration of the DPP-4 inhibitor, which also significantly suppressed the number of odontoclasts and root resorption after OTM. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) were decreased in DPP-4 inhibitor-treated mice compared with those receiving PBS and control animals. Conclusion. The DPP-4 inhibitor inhibited tooth movement and associated root resorption by blocking the formation of osteoclasts and odontoclasts, respectively. It also appeared to inhibit osteoclastogenesis and odontoclastogenesis by suppressing the expression of TNF-α and/or RANKL.

scholarly journals Local administration of high-dose diabetes medicine exendin-4 inhibits orthodontic tooth movement in mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118
Author(s):  
Wei-Ren Shen ◽  
Hideki Kitaura ◽  
Jiawei Qi ◽  
Saika Ogawa ◽  
Fumitoshi Ohori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction Analysis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Rankl Mrna ◽  
Movement Distance ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

ABSTRACT Objectives To investigate the effects of exendin-4 on orthodontic tooth movement distance, root resorption, and expression levels of osteoclast-related cytokines in a mouse model. Materials and Methods A 10-g NiTi coil spring was placed between the anterior alveolar bone and upper left first molar of 8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice. Twenty microliters of exendin-4 solution (containing 0.2 μg, 4 μg, or 20 μg exendin-4) or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were injected on the buccal side of the upper left first molar at 2-day intervals (4 mice per group). Mice were sacrificed on day 12; silicone impressions were taken to record tooth movement distance. The left maxillae of the PBS and 20 μg exendin-4 groups were also excised for histological analysis and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Results Orthodontic tooth movement distance was smaller in the 20 μg exendin-4 group than in the PBS group (P < .01). Compared with the PBS group, the 20 μg exendin-4 group showed lower osteoclast number (P < .05), odontoclast number (P < .05), and root resorption surface percentage (P < .05). Relative to maxillae with PBS injections, maxillae with 20 μg exendin-4 injections had lower receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) mRNA expression (P < .05), TNF-α mRNA expression (P < .05), and RANKL/osteoprotegerin (OPG) ratio (P < .01). There were no differences in the expression of OPG mRNA. Conclusions Exendin-4 inhibits orthodontic tooth movement. Therefore, additional attention is needed for orthodontic patients who receive exendin-4 for diabetes treatment. GLP-1 receptor may be a treatment target for patients with severe root resorption.

scholarly journals Root morphology can be a risk factor for periodontal damage and root resorption in orthodontic movement

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewerton Zaniboni ◽  
Mário Vedovello Filho ◽  
Mauro Pedrine Santamaria ◽  
Maria Aparecida Neves Jardini ◽  
Maria Fernanda Martins-Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Orthodontic Movement ◽  
And Control ◽  
Cervical Level

Aim: The study evaluated, using histomorphometry, the percentage of hyaline area in periodontal ligament (PDL) and root resorption in orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Methods: Ten rats were divided into two groups. G3 Group (n=5), with 3 days of OTM and G7 Group (n=5), with 7 days of OTM. A Control Group (n=5) consisted of contralateral teeth of each animal, which were not moved. Maxillary left first molar was moved, using stainless steel spring connected to the incisors with 40g force. Microscopic analysis was done in transversal sections of the mesiovestibular (MV) and distovestibular (DV) roots in the cervical level. Results: There was a PDL hyaline area in the DV root of 6.2% in G3 and 1.8% in G7. The root resorption area in G7 was 0.9%. On MV root and Control Group were not found occurrences of hyaline areas in PDL and no root resorption. Conclusions: Based on the results obtained, it might be concluded that smaller roots showed higher frequency of hyaline areas and root resorption. 

Sympathectomy causes increased root resorption after orthodontic tooth movement in rats: immunohistochemical study

2003 ◽  
Vol 313 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sivakami Rethnam Haug ◽  
Pongsri Brudvik ◽  
Inge Fristad ◽  
Karin J. Heyeraas
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement

scholarly journals Is Inflammation a Friend or Foe for Orthodontic Treatment?: Inflammation in Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption and Accelerating Tooth Movement

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2388
Author(s):  
Masaru Yamaguchi ◽  
Shinichi Fukasawa
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Mediators ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Orthodontic Forces ◽  
Necrosis Factor

The aim of this paper is to provide a review on the role of inflammation in orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) and accelerating orthodontic tooth movement (AOTM) in orthodontic treatment. Orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) is stimulated by remodeling of the periodontal ligament (PDL) and alveolar bone. These remodeling activities and tooth displacement are involved in the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the periodontium, in response to orthodontic forces. Inflammatory mediators such as prostaglandins (PGs), interleukins (Ils; IL-1, -6, -17), the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α superfamily, and receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK)/RANK ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG) are increased in the PDL during OTM. OIIRR is one of the accidental symptoms, and inflammatory mediators have been detected in resorbed roots, PDL, and alveolar bone exposed to heavy orthodontic force. Therefore, these inflammatory mediators are involved with the occurrence of OIIRR during orthodontic tooth movement. On the contrary, regional accelerating phenomenon (RAP) occurs after fractures and surgery such as osteotomies or bone grafting, and bone healing is accelerated by increasing osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Recently, tooth movement after surgical procedures such as corticotomy, corticision, piezocision, and micro-osteoperforation might be accelerated by RAP, which increases the bone metabolism. Therefore, inflammation may be involved in accelerated OTM (AOTM). The knowledge of inflammation during orthodontic treatment could be used in preventing OIIRR and AOTM.

scholarly journals Root Resorption in Orthodontic Treatment: Scoping Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Neeta Aryal ◽  
Mao Jing
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
External Root Resorption ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Introduction: Root resorption is the loss of apical root tissue leading to the shortness of root which is often evident in orthodontic tooth movement. Proper management during orthodontic treatment however can minimize this undesirable outcome. The present article attempts to review the etiology of root resorption, methods of diagnosis, and strategies for prevention.Materials & Method: A scoping review was done with the purpose to carry out the narrative integration of the relevant evidences on root resorption and orthodontic treatment from the published literatures. The resulting papers were studied and reviewed thoroughly for the key explanation of root resorption in orthodontic patients. A total of 41 published research articles were reviewed.Discussion: According to the literatures root resorption is common iatrogenic outcome in orthodontic treatment. Biological, mechanical, and combined biological and mechanical factors result in external root resorption. Though most clinicians diagnose root resorption by conventional radiography, researches have clearly shown that CBCT is the promising tool. The clinicians need to counsel orthodontic patients and their parents that the root resorption might be a potential consequence of the treatment lasting for long time. In case of severity; it is essential to reassess the patient and minimize the underlying cause. It is necessary to understand the role of orthodontist in preventing root resorption

Effects of calcitonin on orthodontic tooth movement and associated root resorption in rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 595-602
Author(s):  
Ling Guan ◽  
Suai Lin ◽  
Weijun Yan ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xiaofeng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement

scholarly journals An Analysis of the Stress Induced in the Periodontal Ligament during Extrusion and Rotation Movements: A Finite Element Method Linear Study Part I

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (9) ◽  
pp. 740-743 ◽  
Author(s):  
HP Raghuveer ◽  
M Hemanth ◽  
MS Rani ◽  
Chathura Hegde ◽  
B Vedavathi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Compressive Stress ◽  
Periodontal Ligament ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Root Resorption ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
3D Fem ◽  
Force System ◽  
Element Method

ABSTRACT Background Orthodontic tooth movement occurs due to various biomechanical changes in the periodontium. Forces within the optimal range yield maximum tooth movement with minimum deleterious effects. Among various types of tooth movements, extrusion and rotational movements are seen to be associated with the least amount of root resorption and have not been studied in detail. Therefore in this study, the stress patterns in the periodontal ligament (PDL) were evaluated with extrusion and rotational movements using the finite element method FEM. Materials and methods A three-dimensional (3D) FEM model of the maxillary incisors was generated using SOLIDWORKS modeling software. Stresses in the PDL were evaluated with extrusive and rotational movements by a 3D FEM using ANSYS software with linear material properties. Results It was observed that with the application of extrusive load, the tensile stresses were seen at the apex, whereas the compressive stress was distributed at the cervical margin. With the application of rotational movements, maximum compressive stress was distributed at the apex and cervical third, whereas the tensile stress was distributed on cervical third of the PDL on the lingual surface. Conclusion For extrusive movements, stress values over the periodontal ligament was within the range of optimal stress value as proposed by Lee, with a given force system by Profitt as optimum forces for orthodontic tooth movement using linear properties. During rotation there are stresses concentrated at the apex, hence due to the concentration of the compressive forces at the apex a clinician must avoid placing heavy stresses during tooth movement. How to cite this article Hemanth M, Raghuveer HP, Rani MS, Hegde C, Kabbur KJ, Vedavathi B, Chaithra D. An Analysis of the Stress Induced in the Periodontal Ligament during Extrusion and Rotation Movements: A Finite Element Method Linear Study Part I. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(9):740-743.

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