scholarly journals Primary neuroendocrine tumour of the left ventricle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P Rogers ◽  
Sarah Thomas ◽  
Leelakrishna Nallamshetty ◽  
Robert Hooker
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Asymptomatic Woman

Abstract Neuroendocrine tumours are rare neoplasms typically arising in the gastrointestinal tract that may result in carcinoid syndrome and/or acquired valvular dysfunction. Herein, we present a unique case of a 68-year-old asymptomatic woman with a primary left ventricular neuroendocrine tumour.

Classification and pathology of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (S1) ◽  
pp. S1-S16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günter Klöppel
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Tnm Stage ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Poorly Differentiated ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are composed of cells with a neuroendocrine phenotype. The old and the new WHO classifications distinguish between well-differentiated and poorly differentiated neoplasms. All well-differentiated neoplasms, regardless of whether they behave benignly or develop metastases, will be called neuroendocrine tumours (NETs), and graded G1 (Ki67 <2%) or G2 (Ki67 2–20%). All poorly differentiated neoplasms will be termed neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs) and graded G3 (Ki67 >20%). To stratify the GEP-NETs and GEP-NECs regarding their prognosis, they are now further classified according to TNM-stage systems that were recently proposed by the European Neuroendocrine Tumour Society (ENETS) and the AJCC/UICC. In the light of these criteria the pathology and biology of the various NETs and NECs of the gastrointestinal tract (including the oesophagus) and the pancreas are reviewed.

Treatment of metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumour associated with carcinoid syndrome

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (5) ◽  
pp. 194-198
Author(s):  
Andrea Uhlyarik ◽  
Erika Lahm ◽  
József Vachaja ◽  
Zsuzsanna Pápai
Keyword(s):  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Case History ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Somatostatin Receptor ◽  
Tumour Response ◽  
Tumour Resection ◽  
Peptide Receptor ◽  
Long Acting

Although the incidence of neuroendocrine tumours is low, their prevalence is high due to the usually slow course of the disease. Between July 1, 2008 and July 1, 2013 the authors evaluated 56 patients with well-differentiated or moderately differentiated neuroendocrine tumours; 36 patients with metastatic disease underwent treatment while 17 patients who had tumour resection were followed without additional treatment. All patients with metastatic disease received long acting octreotide, and additional therapy was based on the site of origin, grade of differentiation, Ki67 index, and focal labelling of the tumours during somatostatin-receptor or metaiodo-benzyl-guanidine scintigraphy. The authors present a detailed case history of a patient with carcinoid syndrome due to a metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumour, who received long acting octreotide and peptide receptor radionuclide treatment. In this patient an objective tumour response was reached in addition to the resolution of symptoms of carcinoid syndrome. The authors conclude that the case history confirms previous observations showing that long acting octreotide combined with peptide receptor radionuclide treatment may provide long survival with good quality of life in a patient with metastatic midgut neuroendocrine tumour accompanied with carcinoid syndrome. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(5), 194–198.

scholarly journals Bowel parasitosis and neuroendocrine tumours of the appendix. A report from the Italian TREP project

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (7) ◽  
pp. 1552-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. VIRGONE ◽  
G. CECCHETTO ◽  
V. BESUTTI ◽  
A. FERRARI ◽  
P. BUFFA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Schistosoma Haematobium ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Possible Cause

SUMMARYFive children with a neuroendocrine tumour (NET) of the appendix associated with a parasitic bowel infection are described, and the possibility of inflammation-triggered carcinogenesis is discussed. Schistosoma haematobium is linked primarily to bladder cancer but it has been reported in association with several other histotypes, including NETs of the gastrointestinal tract. Conversely, Enterobius vermicularis has not yet been claimed to participate in the onset of pre-cancerous conditions or tumours. The rare occurrence of contemporary appendiceal NETs and parasitic infection, raises the intriguing hypothesis of an inflammation-related carcinogenesis, although a cause–effect relationship cannot be established. Larger international series of childhood appendiceal NETs, which also include countries with higher prevalence of parasitic bowel infections, are needed to further clarify this possible cause–effect relationship.

scholarly journals Requiem for the Term ‘Carcinoid Tumour’ in the Gastrointestinal Tract?

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runjan Chetty
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Carcinoid Tumour ◽  
World Health ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Biological Behaviour ◽  
Unique Type ◽  
Well Differentiated

Use of the term ‘carcinoid tumour’ to describe a unique type of tumour in the gastroenteropancreatic system is endemic in the medical literature and in daily clinical and pathological parlance. However, it is a somewhat misleading moniker because a spectrum of histopathological changes and hence, biological outcomes may occur in these tumours. The World Health Organization classification scheme recommends the use of the terms neuroendocrine tumours or carcinomas, which may be stratified as well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours with benign or uncertain behaviour, well-differentiated tumours with low-grade neuroendocrine carcinoma behaviour and high-grade neuroendocrine carcinomas. These categories may be applied within different sites in the gastrointestinal tract and pancreas, and convey a sense of biological behaviour. In addition, a recently suggested tumour-node-metastasis scheme has been proposed and awaits clinical validation and acceptance. Thus, the term ‘carcinoid’ has served its purpose well, but its use should be phased out in favour of ‘neuroendocrine tumour’ or ‘neuroendocrine carcinoma’.

scholarly journals Neuroendocrine tumours within a Meckel’s diverticulum

2018 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. e10-e11 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Mora-Guzmán ◽  
JL Muñoz de Nova ◽  
E Martín-Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Meckel’S Diverticulum ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Meckel's Diverticulum ◽  
Minimally Invasive Techniques ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
High Risk Area ◽  
Invasive Techniques

A Meckel’s diverticulum is a common anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract. Although the majority of patients do not have any symptoms, malignancies can develop inside these diverticula, with neuroendocrine tumours being the most common. Diverticulectomy is the best option for complicated diverticula but prophylactic resection of asymptomatic diverticula in adults remains controversial. We present a case series of three patients with a neuroendocrine tumour found in a Meckel’s diverticulum. Given the number of asymptomatic diverticula not resected, it seems likely that incidental neuroendocrine tumours are more prevalent than thought previously. With the minimally invasive techniques now available and the low complication rate for incidental diverticulectomy, we believe that the benefits of resection of this high risk area for cancer outweigh the risks of surgery.

scholarly journals Carcinoid Syndrome and Carcinoid Heart Disease as Manifestations of Non-Metastatic Ovarian Neuroendocrine Tumour

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Simões-Pereira ◽  
Lai Mun Wang ◽  
Attila Kardos ◽  
Ashley Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Carcinoid Syndrome ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Neuroendocrine Tumour ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Tumour Resection ◽  
Carcinoid Heart Disease ◽  
Additional Burden ◽  
Gastrointestinal Neuroendocrine Tumours ◽  
Surgical Valve Replacement

The carcinoid syndrome is rare but it is associated with carcinoid heart disease in more than a half of the cases. Carcinoid heart disease is typically characterised by morphological and functional modifications of right-sided valves. Its aetiology is probable multifactorial but serotonin appears to play a key role in the development of this valvular disease. Unlike gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumours, ovarian neuroendocrine tumours can present with carcinoid syndrome and carcinoid heart disease in the absence of liver metastases; such ovarian neuroendocrine tumours are a unique clinical entity. The additional burden of cardiac impairment in these patients represents a significant reduction in survival. Early recognition and surgical valve replacement before advanced heart failure is established may improve the clinical outcome. We report the case of a woman with an ovarian neuroendocrine tumour and highly symptomatic carcinoid heart disease who was submitted to tumour resection followed by valvuloplasty. She demonstrated an outstanding clinical improvement and has remained free of tumour and symptomatology.

Clinical and Experimental Analysis of 201Thallium Uptake of the Heart

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
U. Büll ◽  
S. Bürger ◽  
B. E. Strauer
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Left Ventricle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Myocardial Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Wall ◽  
Ventricular Wall ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Myocardial Flow

Studies were carried out in order to determine the factors influencing myocardial 201T1 uptake. A total of 158 patients was examined with regard to both 201T1 uptake and the assessment of left ventricular and coronary function (e. g. quantitative ventriculography, coronary arteriography, coronary blood flow measurements). Moreover, 42 animal experiments (closed chest cat) were performed. The results demonstrate that:1) 201T1 uptake in the normal and hypertrophied human heart is linearly correlated with the muscle mass of the left ventricle (LVMM);2) 201T1 uptake is enhanced in the inner (subendocardial) layer and is decreased in the outer (subepicardial) layer of the left ventricular wall. The 201T1 uptake of the right ventricle is 40% lower in comparison to the left ventricle;3) the basic correlation between 201T1 uptake and LVMM is influenced by alterations of both myocardial flow and myocardial oxygen consumption; and4) inotropic interventions (isoproterenol, calcium, norepinephrine) as well as coronary dilatation (dipyridamole) may considerably augment 201T1 uptake in accordance with changes in myocardial oxygen consumption and/or myocardial flow.It is concluded that myocardial 201T1 uptake is determined by multiple factors. The major determinants have been shown to include (i) muscle mass, (ii) myocardial flow and (iii) myocardial oxygen consumption. The clinical data obtained from patient groups with normal ventricular function, with coronary artery disease, with left ventricular wall motion abnormalities and with different degree of left ventricular hypertrophy are correlated with quantitated myocardial 201T1 uptake.

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