scholarly journals A ‘phenotypic hangover’: the predictive adaptive response and multigenerational effects of altered nutrition on the transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J Osborne ◽  
Peter K Dearden
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Predictive Adaptive Response ◽  
Multigenerational Effects

scholarly journals A ‘phenotypic hangover’ – the predictive adaptive response and multigenerational effects of altered nutrition on the transcriptome of Drosophila melanogaster

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy J. Osborne ◽  
Peter K. Dearden
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Postnatal Environment ◽  
Predictive Adaptive Response ◽  
Epigenetic Processes

AbstractThe Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD) hypothesis predicts that early-life environmental exposures can be detrimental to later-life health, and that mismatch between the pre- and postnatal environment may contribute to the growing non-communicable disease (NCD) epidemic. Within this is an increasingly recognised role for epigenetic mechanisms; epigenetic modifications can be influenced by, e.g., nutrition, and can alter gene expression in mothers and offspring. Currently, there are no whole-genome transcriptional studies of response to nutritional alteration. Thus, we sought to explore how nutrition affects the expression of genes involved in epigenetic processes in Drosophila melanogaster. We manipulated Drosophila food macronutrient composition at the F0 generation, mismatched F1 offspring back to a standard diet, and analysed the transcriptome of the F0 – F3 generations by RNA-sequencing. At F0, the altered (high protein, low carbohydrate, HPLC) diet increased expression of genes involved in epigenetic processes, with coordinated downregulation of genes involved in immunity, neurotransmission and neurodevelopment, oxidative stress and metabolism. Upon reversion to standard nutrition, mismatched F1 and F2 generations displayed multigenerational inheritance of altered gene expression. By the F3 generation, gene expression had reverted to F0 (matched) levels. These nutritionally-induced gene expression changes demonstrate that dietary alteration can upregulate epigenetic genes, which may influence the expression of genes with broad biological functions. Further, the multigenerational inheritance of the gene expression changes in F1 and F2 mismatched generations suggests a predictive adaptive response (PAR) to maternal nutrition. Our findings may help to understand the interaction between maternal diet and future offspring health, and have direct implications for the current NCD epidemic.

Multigenerational effects of cadmium on the lifespan and fertility of Drosophila melanogaster

Chemosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 245 ◽  
pp. 125533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xingran Yang ◽  
Yan Han ◽  
Yun Mu ◽  
Pingping Yang ◽  
Wei Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Multigenerational Effects

scholarly journals Evolution of plasticity in response to ethanol between sister species with different ecological histories (Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Signor
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Ethanol Exposure ◽  
Genetic Accommodation ◽  
Exon Expression ◽  
Phenotype Plasticity

AbstractThe contribution of phenotypic plasticity to adaptation is contentious, with contradictory empirical support for its role in evolution. Here I investigate the possibility that phenotype plasticity has contributed to adaptation to a novel resource. If phenotype plasticity contributes to adaptation, it is thought to evolve in a process termed genetic accommodation. Under this model, the initial response to the environment is widely variable due to cryptic genetic variation, which is then refined by selection to a single adaptive response. I examine the role of phenotypic plasticity in adaptation here by comparing two species of Drosophila that differ in their adaptation to ethanol (Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans). Both species are human commensals with a recent cosmopolitan expansion, but only D. melanogaster is adapted to ethanol exposure. I measure phenotype plasticity in response to ethanol with gene expression and an approach that combines information about expression and alternative splicing. I find evidence for adaptation to ethanol through genetic accommodation, suggesting that the evolution of phenotype plasticity contributed to the ability of D. melanogaster to exploit a novel resource. I also find evidence that alternative splicing may be more important for the adaptive response to ethanol than overall changes in exon expression.

Testing the predictive adaptive response in a host-parasite system

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godefroy Devevey ◽  
Pierre Bize ◽  
Sara Fournier ◽  
Emilie Person ◽  
Philippe Christe
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Predictive Adaptive Response ◽  
Host Parasite
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