Stink Bugs Nymph and Adult Biology and Adult Preference on Cultivated Crop Plants in the Southern Brazilian Neotropics

2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taynara Possebom ◽  
Tiago Lucini ◽  
Antônio Ricardo Panizzi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Reproductive Structures ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Adult Preference

Abstract Laboratory studies were conducted with Dichelops furcatus (F.), Euschistus heros (F.), and Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) aiming to evaluate nymph and adult biology and adult preference for immature reproductive structures of the cultivated plants, soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill (Fabaceae), wheat, Triticum aestivum L. (Poaceae), and canola, Brassica napus L. var. oleifera (Brassicaceae). Considering the survivorship for D. furcatus nymphs, it was greater on soybean and wheat, for E. heros nymphs it was greater on soybean compared to canola and wheat, and for N. viridula nymphs the survivorship was greater on soybean and canola. Dichelops furcatus nymphs developed faster on soybean and wheat, and E. heros and N. viridula nymphs developed faster on soybean and canola. Body weight at adult emergency for D. furcatus was greater on soybean and wheat, and for E. heros and N. viridula, it was greater on soybean. Adult survivorship and longevity were similar on soybean/wheat/canola for D. furcatus and N. viridula, and greater on soybean for E. heros. Reproduction and weight gain of adults were greater on soybean and wheat for D. furcatus, and on soybean for E. heros; N. viridula reproduced only on soybean and tended to gain greater body weight in this food source. As expected, soybean considering its superior nutritional quality was, in general, the best food. These laboratory studies coupled with field observations allow to conclude that the sequence of soybean/wheat/canola crops in the area studied forms a ‘green bridge’ that favor stink bug populations abundance in southern Brazilian neotropics.

scholarly journals Photophase influence on the reproductive diapause, seasonal morphs, and feeding activity of Euschistus heros (Fabr., 1798) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. M. MOURÃO ◽  
A. R. PANIZZI
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Reproductive Diapause ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Spine Length ◽  
Euschistus Heros ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Diapause Incidence

Laboratory studies were conducted to verify the influence of photophase on diapause incidence in the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros (Fabr., 1798), fed with soybean [Glycine max (L.)] Merrill pods. Nymphs were maintained at three different photophases: 10 h, 12 h, and 14 h, with constant temperature of 25 ± 1ºC and relative humidity of 65 ± 5%. With 14 h, aproximately 100% of the adults showed mature reproductive organs; the shoulder (spine) length was significantly greater (2.96 and 2.79 mm for females and males, respectively) than those of bugs maintained at the photophase of 12 h (2.60 mm for females and males) and 10 h (2.59 and 2.53 mm for females and males). At the longer photophase (14 h), E. heros showed better reproductive performance and greater feeding activity than insects reared at 10 h and 12 h; in all photophases bugs tended to reduce feeding from the 1st to the 6th week of life. Body color was considered an unreliable parameter to indicate diapause incidence. However, at 14 h, 60% of the insects were dark brown and 40% were reddish brown. These results indicate that E. heros enters reproductive diapause with photophase of 12 hours or less, showing immature reproductive organs or with intermediate development, with shoulder (spine) less developed and reduced feeding activity.

scholarly journals Mating, ovipositional rhythm and fecundity of Nezara viridula (L.) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed on privet, Ligustrum lucidum Thunb., and on soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill fruits

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antônio R. Panizzi ◽  
Ana P.M. Mourão
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Nezara Viridula ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Ligustrum Lucidum ◽  
Preoviposition Period ◽  
Southern Green Stink Bug ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Heteroptera Pentatomidae

Laboratory studies were conducted on mating, ovipositional rhythm, and fecundity of the southern green stink bug, Nezara viridula (L.) fed on immature fruits of privet, Ligustrum lucidum Thunb. and soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill. A greater number of pairs were observed mating on privet (27 to 37 %) than on soybean (22 to 23 %). The preoviposition period was significantly shorter when females fed on privet (15.5 days) than when they fed on soybean (23.9 days). The intervals of time between the first four ovipositions, and between the 1st and the 4th oviposition were shorter on privet than on soybean (range of 1.9 to 3.3 days less on the former food). Greater percentage of females N. viridula oviposited and showed greater fecundity on privet than on soybean. On privet, the oviposition rhythm peaked at days 11 and 17; however, no peaks on oviposition were observed on soybean.

Relationship Between Soybean Maturity Group and the Phenology and Abundance of Stink Bugs (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae): Impact on Yield and Quality

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert M. McPherson
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Population Distributions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Maturity Groups

Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merrill, varieties in maturity groups IV–VIII were sampled weekly for stink bugs from mid-June to mid-October in 1993 and 1994. Plots were either treated with tralomethrin to control stink bugs or left untreated to measure yield and seed quality losses to the pests. In 1993, stink bug populations peaked at 8.3 per 25 sweeps in the Group IV NK S4884 in late-August, 6 wks after the R4 growth stage (full pod without seeds). As they were declining in the Group IV soybean, populations were rapidly increasing in the later-maturing varieties, reaching population peaks 5 to 6 wks after R4 in all maturity groups. Population peaks in the later-maturing varieties were higher than in the maturity groups IV and V. Similar seasonal population distributions were observed in 1994, although populations peaked 4 to 6× higher than in 1993. Both Nezara viridula (L.) and Acrosternum hilare (Say) were common in 1993 when populations were relatively low. In 1994, N. viridula was the most abundant species. Euschistus seruus (Say) was present at low population densities both years. Tralomethrin treatments significantly decreased the stink bug damage to seeds. Seed weights and yield also were higher in the treated plots of most varieties. Significant correlations occurred for stink bug population peaks with percentage kernel damage, yield reductions and 100-seed weight reductions.

ANNUAL FORAGES SEEDING RATES AND MIXTURES FOR CENTRAL ALBERTA

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. WALTON
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Annual Crops ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Forage Yields ◽  
Dough Stage

The three cereal crops oats (Avena sativa L.), barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were tested for forage yields alone and in combinations with each other as well as in combinations with peas (Pisum sativum L.), soybeans (Glycine max. L.) and rape (Brassica napus L.) at three sites and in 3 yr. A range of seeding rates and crop combinations was used. While high yields of forage were obtained from these annual crops, the most favorable yields would not justify the additional expense of cultivation and establishment when compared with perennial forage yields over the same 3-yr period. Oats gave the best yields where seasons were longer and rainfall higher whereas barley gave the highest yields in areas with a drier, shorter season. Higher seeding rates improved yields and reduced fibre contents for all crops over the range tested. This increase was not, however, substantial and with the possible exception of oats, high seed rates would not be economical. The presence of a non-cereal in the mixture always reduced yield, but peas in a mixture with oats gave an increased yield of crude protein per hectare. Where a mixture of a cereal with a non-cereal was used, peas with oats yielded more than rape with oats, while rape with barley yielded more than peas with barley. Seeding the cereal and the non-cereal in alternate rows reduced yields for all the crop combinations tested. Yields were increased by delaying the harvest date beyond the time when the grain was in the dough stage.

Glyphosate-resistant kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) in Saskatchewan and Manitoba

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Beckie ◽  
Robert H. Gulden ◽  
Nasir Shaikh ◽  
Eric N. Johnson ◽  
Christian J. Willenborg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetolactate Synthase ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Oil Well ◽  
Kochia Scoparia ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Similar Survey ◽  
Chemical Fallow ◽  
Two Populations

Beckie, H. J., Gulden, R. H., Shaikh, N., Johnson, E. N., Willenborg, C. J., Brenzil, C. A., Shirriff, S. W., Lozinski, C. and Ford, G. 2015. Glyphosate-resistant kochia (Kochia scoparia L. Schrad.) in Saskatchewan and Manitoba. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 345–349. Previous surveys have documented the occurrence of glyphosate-resistant (GR) kochia in Alberta in 2011 and 2012. To determine the incidence of GR kochia in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, a stratified-randomized survey of 342 sites (one population per site) in southern and central regions of Saskatchewan and a similar survey of 283 sites in southern Manitoba was conducted in the fall of 2013. Mature plants were collected, seed threshed, and progeny screened by spraying with a discriminating glyphosate dose of 900 g ae ha–1 under greenhouse conditions. Screening confirmed 17 GR kochia populations in nine municipalities in west-central or central Saskatchewan, but only two GR populations from different municipalities in the Red River Valley of Manitoba. While the majority of GR kochia populations in Saskatchewan originated in chemical-fallow fields, some populations were found in cropped fields (wheat, Triticum aestivum L.; lentil, Lens culinaris Medik.; GR canola, Brassica napus L.) and non-cropped areas (oil well, roadside ditch). In Manitoba, the two populations occurred in fields cropped to GR corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.). Agronomic and economic impact of this GR weed biotype is compounded because of consistent multiple resistance to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides. However, GR kochia is susceptible to dicamba, an increasingly important auxinic herbicide used for control of this multiple-resistant weed biotype.

scholarly journals Régimen y riesgo agroclimático de heladas en Lugo, provincia de Lugo, Galicia, España

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-18
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Vilatte ◽  
Benigno Ruiz Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Helianthus Annus ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L

El objetivo de este trabajo fue conocer el régimen y riesgo agroclimático de heladas, por su época de ocurrencia y tipo genético, analizar su peligrosidad sobre los cultivos, y observar la tendencia en el período libre de heladas en los últimos 10 años (1996-2005), respecto del período 1975-1995, en Lugo. Se dispuso de un registro histórico de temperaturas mínimas, medidas en el abrigo meteorológico, de treinta y un años para la localidad de Lugo, Provincia de Lugo (lat.: 43° 03’ N; long.: 7° 30’ O y alt.: 480 m). Los resultados mostraron una mayor frecuencia de heladas primaverales (marzo, abril y mayo) que otoñales (octubre y noviembre). El escaso período libre de heladas, en la zona, puede resultar un impedimento para la difusión de cultivos frutícolas de hueso,  debiendo seleccionar aquellas variedades con mayor requerimiento en horas de frío.En la región, la producción hortícola prospera favorablemente, siendo los cultivos más utilizados, Col – Brassica oleracea L - y nabos (nabizas y grelos) – Brassica napus L -, en detrimento de cultivos anuales extensivos, tanto inverno primaverales, como trigo – Triticum aestivum L. o T. vulgare L. -, cebada – Hordeum vulgare L.-, o estivales como maíz – Zea mays L. -, girasol – Helianthus annus L., o soja - Glycine max L.

scholarly journals Inhibitory Copulation Effect of Vibrational Rival Female Signals of Three Stink Bug Species as a Tool for Mating Disruption

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 177
Author(s):  
Aline Moreira Dias ◽  
Miguel Borges ◽  
Maria Carolina Blassioli Moraes ◽  
Matheus Lorran Figueira Coelho ◽  
Andrej Čokl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Mating Disruption ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Vibratory Communication ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Bean Plants

Stink bugs are major pests in diverse crops around the world. Pest management strategies based on insect behavioral manipulation could help to develop biorational management strategies of stink bugs. Insect mating disruption using vibratory signals is an approach with high potential for pest management. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of conspecific female rival signals on the mating behavior and copulation of three stink bug species to establish their potential for mating disruption. Previously recorded female rival signals were played back to bean plants where pairs of the Neotropical brown stink bug, Euschistus heros, and two green stink bugs, Chinavia ubica and Chinavia impicticornis were placed. Vibratory communication and mating behavior were recorded for each pair throughout the experimental time (20 min). Female rival signals show a disrupting effect on the reproductive behavior of three conspecific investigated stink bug species. This effect was more clearly expressed in E. heros and C. ubica than in C. impicticornis. The likelihood of copulating in pairs placed on control plants, without rival signals, increased 29.41 times in E. heros, 4.6 times in C. ubica and 1.71 times in C. impicticornis. However, in the last case, the effect of female rivalry signals in copulation was not significant. The effect of mating disruption of female rival signals of the three stink bug species may originate from the observed reduction in specific vibratory communication signals emitted, which influences the duet formation and further development of different phases of mating behavior. Our results suggest that female rival signals have potential for application in manipulation and disruption of mating behavior of stink bugs. Further work needs to focus on the effects of female rival signals used in long duration experiments and also their interactions with chemical communication of stink bugs.

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