Seasonal Patterns of Protoschinia scutosa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Migration Across China’s Bohai Strait

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengyuan Zhao ◽  
Xiaowei Fu ◽  
Jianglong Guo ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Kris A G Wyckhuys ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Light Trapping ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Trapping Field ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Trapping Number ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Bohai Strait

Abstract The spotted clover moth, Protoschinia scutosa (Denis & Schiffermüller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is an important polyphagous pest that is widely distributed in the world. P. scutosa overwinters as pupae in agricultural soils in Northern China. Yet, it is unclear whether P. scutosa also engages in seasonal migration over mid- to long-range distances. In this study, we employ light trapping, field surveys, and ovarian dissection of captured adults over a 2003–2015 time period to assess P. scutosa migration in Northern China. Our work shows that P. scutosa migrates across the Bohai Strait seasonally; the mean duration of its windborne migration period was 121.6 d, and the mean trapping number was 1053.6 moths. Nightly catches of P. scutosa were significantly different between months, but the differences between years were not significant. During 2009–2011 and 2013, the monthly proportion of migrating females (65.5%) was significantly higher than that of males and showed no difference between months. In May to June, the majority of females (May: 63.0%; June: 61.1%) were mated individuals with relatively high level of ovarian development; however, in August and September, most females were unmated. The mean proportion of mated females was significantly different across months but did not differ between years. The results of long-term searchlight trapping and ovarian dissection indicate that P. scutosa exhibits a seasonal characteristic of typical population dynamics and reproductive development of migratory insects. Our work sheds light upon key facets of P. scutosa ecology and facilitates the future development of pest forecasting systems and pest management schemes.

scholarly journals IsHeliothis viriplaca(Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) a long-distance migrant?

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
X.-Y. Zhao ◽  
X.-W. Fu ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
K. Wilson ◽  
K.-M. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Asian Monsoon ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractHeliothis viriplaca(Hüfnagel) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is an important polyphagous pest of beans, cotton, maize, and alfalfa worldwide.H. viriplacais a long-distance migrant, and if so, what pattern of seasonal migration this species exhibits in northern China remains unknown. In this study, in order to determine the seasonal migration ofH. viriplacain northern China, the combination of searchlight trapping and ovarian dissection was carried out on an isolated small island in the center of the Bohai Strait during 2003–2014. The results confirmed thatH. viriplacaundertakes long-distance migration on the prevailing winds of the East Asian monsoon airflows. This species exhibited a regular pattern of seasonal migration across the sea from May to October, but there was considerable yearly and monthly variation in the trapped numbers, with the majority being trapped in summer (67.99 ± 6.54%). The mean period when migration was detectable at the island was 116.5 ± 5.6 days from 2003 to 2014, with the shortest time span of 74 days in 2013 and the longest of 144 days in 2005. Trapped females in May and June showed a relatively higher mating rates and some degree of ovarian development when compared with July, August and September, suggesting the migration of this species is not completely bound by the ‘oogenesis-flight syndrome’. These findings will be helpful to improve the forecasting system and managing strategies ofH. viriplaca.

Seasonal Migration Patterns of Ostrinia furnacalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Across the Bohai Strait in Northern China

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
Xiujing Shen ◽  
Xiaowei Fu ◽  
Yunxin Huang ◽  
Jianglong Guo ◽  
Qiulin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Insect Pest ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Flight Behavior ◽  
Ostrinia Furnacalis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
June July ◽  
Bohai Strait

Abstract The Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is a notorious polyphagous insect pest in China and other regions of East Asia. The long-distance flight behavior of the ACB moths, however, is not well understood, especially in the field conditions. In this study, nightly monitoring data for multiple years (2003–2017) on the long-distance flight of adults crossing the Bohai Strait in northern China, showed that a large number of the adults frequently flew across the Bohai Strait from May to September with the peak migrations usually occurred, followed in order by September, June, July, and May, and the number of southward migrants was larger than that of northward migrants. From May to September in 2010, 2011, and 2017, a subsample of trapped ACB females was dissected (879 individuals in 2010, 197 individuals in 2011, and 247 individuals in 2017), and the results showed that the sex ratio of the trapped ACB moths was unbiased each month from May to September. While the proportion of mated females in northward populations (May to July = 92.85 ± 4.86%) was significantly higher than that in southward population (August and September = 74.53 ± 8.55%) . The seasonal pattern in the proportion of sexually mature females was similar to the above proportion of mated females. We conclude that the ACBs have a strong propensity and ability for long-distance migration, although local dispersal is generally considered to be the primary movement of the ACB. These findings may be helpful to improve the forecasting systems and the pest management schemes for the ACBs.

Seasonal patterns of Scotogramma trifolii Rottemberg (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) migration across the Bohai Strait in northern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limei He ◽  
Xiaowei Fu ◽  
Yunxin Huang ◽  
Xiujing Shen ◽  
Xiaoting Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Scotogramma Trifolii ◽  
Bohai Strait

Seasonal Migration of Pantala flavescens Across the Bohai Strait in Northern China

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling-zhen Cao ◽  
Xiao-wei Fu ◽  
Chao-xing Hu ◽  
Kong-ming Wu
Keyword(s):  
Northern China ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
Pantala Flavescens ◽  
Bohai Strait

Seasonal Migration of Ctenoplusia agnata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Over the Bohai Sea in Northern China

2014 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Xiaowei Fu ◽  
Hongqiang Feng ◽  
Abid Ali ◽  
Chuanren Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bohai Sea ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Seasonal Migration ◽  
The Bohai Sea ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

DFT Benchmark Study of the O--O Bond Dissociation Energy in Peroxides Validated with High-Level Ab-Initio Calculations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danilo Carmona ◽  
Pablo Jaque ◽  
Esteban Vöhringer-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Reference Value ◽  
Basis Set ◽  
Basis Sets ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Bond Dissociation ◽  
Dissociation Energies ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

<div><div><div><p>Peroxides play a central role in many chemical and biological pro- cesses such as the Fenton reaction. The relevance of these compounds lies in the low stability of the O–O bond which upon dissociation results in radical species able to initiate various chemical or biological processes. In this work, a set of 64 DFT functional-basis set combinations has been validated in terms of their capability to describe bond dissociation energies (BDE) for the O–O bond in a database of 14 ROOH peroxides for which experimental values ofBDE are available. Moreover, the electronic contributions to the BDE were obtained for four of the peroxides and the anion H2O2− at the CBS limit at CCSD(T) level with Dunning’s basis sets up to triple–ζ quality provid- ing a reference value for the hydrogen peroxide anion as a model. Almost all the functionals considered here yielded mean absolute deviations around 5.0 kcal mol−1. The smallest values were observed for the ωB97 family and the Minnesota M11 functional with a marked basis set dependence. Despite the mean deviation, order relations among BDE experimental values of peroxides were also considered. The ωB97 family was able to reproduce the relations correctly whereas other functionals presented a marked dependence on the chemical nature of the R group. Interestingly, M11 functional did not show a very good agreement with the established order despite its good performance in the mean error. The obtained results support the use of similar validation strategies for proper prediction of BDE or other molecular properties by DF Tmethods in subsequent related studies.</p></div></div></div>

The way of value of Correlation of genomic DNA microsatellite loci and live weight of Chukchi reindeer

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
V. Dodokhov ◽  
N. Pavlova ◽  
T. Rumyantseva ◽  
L. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
High Germination ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Level ◽  
Dna Microsatellite

The article presents the genetic characteristic of the Chukchi reindeer breed. The object of the study was of the Chukchi reindeer. In recent years, the number of reindeer of the Chukchi breed has declined sharply. Reduced reindeer numbers could lead to biodiversity loss. The Chukchi breed of deer has good meat qualities, has high germination viability and is adapted in adverse tundra conditions of Yakutia. Herding of the Chukchi breed of deer in Yakutia are engaged only in the Nizhnekolymsky district. There are four generic communities and the largest of which is the agricultural production cooperative of nomadic tribal community «Turvaurgin», which was chosen to assess the genetic processes of breed using microsatellite markers: Rt6, BMS1788, Rt 30, Rt1, Rt9, FCB193, Rt7, BMS745, C 143, Rt24, OheQ, C217, C32, NVHRT16, T40, C276. It was found that microsatellite markers have a wide range of alleles and generally have a high informative value for identifying of genetic differences between animals and groups of animal. The number of identified alleles is one of the indicators of the genetic diversity of the population. The total number of detected alleles was 127. The Chukchi breed of deer is characterized by a high level of heterozygosity, and the random crossing system prevails over inbreeding in the population. On average, there were 7.9 alleles (Na) per locus, and the mean number of effective alleles (Ne) was 4.1. The index of fixation averaged 0.001. The polymorphism index (PIC) ranged from 0.217 to 0.946, with an average of 0.695.

scholarly journals Fitness Costs of Chlorantraniliprole Resistance Related to the SeNPF Overexpression in the Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 5027
Author(s):  
Changwei Gong ◽  
Xinge Yao ◽  
Qunfang Yang ◽  
Xuegui Wang ◽  
Yuming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insect Pest ◽  
Ryanodine Receptors ◽  
Oviposition Rate ◽  
Fitness Cost ◽  
Fitness Costs ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Mating Response ◽  
Transmembrane Segments ◽  
High Level ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Spodopteraexigua, a multifeeding insect pest, has developed a high level of resistance to chlorantraniliprole, which is a benzoylurea insecticide that targets the ryanodine receptors (RyRs). Herein, the resistant strain (SE-Sel) and sensitive strain (SE-Sus) were obtained by bidirectional screening for six generations. The potential oviposited eggs and oviposition rate of the SE-Sel strain were dramatically lower than those of the SE-Sus strain; on the contrary, the weights of prepupae and preadult were significantly increased. As a post-mating response, the higher number of non-oviposited eggs in the SE-Sel strain was caused by a lower mating rate. In addition, the expression levels of vitellogenin (SeVg) and its receptor (SeVgR) in the SE-Sel strain were consistently lower than those in the SE-Sus strain. An RyRI4743M mutation, contributing to the resistance to chlorantraniliprole, was located in the S3 transmembrane segments and might have affected the release of calcium ions; it led to the upregulated expression of the neuropeptide SeNPF and its receptor SeNPFR, and the mating and oviposition rate were significantly recovered when the SeNPF was knocked down though RNA interference (RNAi) in the male adult of the SE-Sel strain. Moreover, the expression of the juvenile hormone-binding proteins SeJHBWDS3 and SeJHBAN in the male adult of the SE-Sel strain was significantly decreased, which proved the existence of a fitness cost from another angle. Therefore, these results indicate that the fitness cost accompanied by chlorantraniliprole resistance in S. exigua may be related to the decrease in mating desire due to SeNPF overexpression.

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