Development and Survival of Spodoptera exigua (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on Alternate Crops in Cotton Cropping Pattern, With Implications to Integrated Pest Management

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qamar Saeed ◽  
Faheem Ahmad ◽  
Shafqat Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Impact of integrated pest management on the population of leafminers, fruit borers, and natural enemies in tomato

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moacyr Mascarenhas Motta Miranda ◽  
Marcelo Coutinho Picanço ◽  
José Cola Zanuncio ◽  
Leandro Bacci ◽  
Ézio Marques da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Spodoptera Eridania ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Action Threshold ◽  
Fruit Borer ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The objective of this work was to evaluate the impact of integrated pest management (IPM) in the productivity of the tomato and in the populations of leafminers, fruit borers, and natural enemies in tomato crops. The treatments were calendar (spraying twice weekly with insecticides and fungicides), IPM (spraying when action thresholds were achieved), and control (no pesticide was applied). IPM was the most efficient system of pest control due to presenting similar productivity and 65.6% less pesticide applications than in the calendar. The attack of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and Liriomyza spp. (Diptera: Agromyzidae) to the leaves only achieved the action threshold in the final phase of the cultivation. The main fruit borer was Neoleucinoides elegantalis (Guen.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), followed by T. absoluta and Spodoptera eridania (Cr.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The natural enemy populations were severely reduced by excessive pesticide applications. Predators were more abundant than parasitoids. The most abundant predators were Araneidae, Anthicus sp. (Coleoptera: Anthicidae), Cycloneda sanguinea larva (L.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), Staphylinidae adults (Coleoptera), Orius sp. and Xylocoris sp. (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae), Formicidae (Hymenoptera), and Phlaeothripidae (Thysanoptera). The most abundant parasitoids were Hymenoptera of the families Eulophidae, Braconidae (Bracon sp. and Chelonus sp.), Trichogrammatidae [Trichogramma pretiosum (Riley)] and Bethylidae (Goniozus nigrifemur Ashmead), besides Tachinidae (Diptera).

scholarly journals Synergy of Lepidopteran Nucleopolyhedroviruses AcMNPV and SpliNPV with Insecticides

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Dáder ◽  
Eduardo Aguirre ◽  
Primitivo Caballero ◽  
Pilar Medina
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Spodoptera Littoralis ◽  
Spodoptera Exigua ◽  
Autographa Californica ◽  
Antagonistic Effects ◽  
Lepidopteran Pests ◽  
Excellent Control ◽  
Autographa Californica Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus

The joint use of baculoviruses and synthetic insecticides for integrated pest management requires the study of the additive, synergistic or antagonistic effects among them on pest mortality. Droplet bioassays were conducted with Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), Spodoptera littoralis nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliNPV) and seven insecticides (azadirachtin, Bacillus thuringiensis, cyantraniliprole, emamectin, metaflumizone, methoxyfenozide and spinetoram) on Spodoptera exigua and Spodoptera littoralis. The lethal concentrations LC50 and LC95 were calculated through probit regressions. Then, the sequential feeding of insecticides and nucleopolyhedroviruses was studied. Larvae were provided with the LC50 of one insecticide, followed by the LC50 of one nucleopolyhedrovirus 24 h later. The inverse order was also conducted. The insecticide LC50 and LC95 were higher for S. littoralis than for S. exigua. AcMNPV showed greater toxicity on S. exigua than SpliNPV on S. littoralis. Emamectin showed synergy with AcMNPV when the chemical was applied first, and metaflumizone and AcMNPV were synergistic regardless of the order of application, both from the first day of evaluation. SpliNPV was synergistic with azadirachtin and emamectin when it was applied first, but synergy was reached after 12–13 days. Excellent control is possible with the LC50 of azadirachtin, emamectin and metaflumizone in combination with nucleopolyhedroviruses, and merits further study as a means of controlling lepidopteran pests.

scholarly journals New morphological key using male prothoracic leg characters to identify Helicoverpa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) species

2019 ◽  
pp. 1561-1565
Author(s):  
Clerison Regis Perini ◽  
Andres O. Angulo ◽  
Tania Sonia Olivares ◽  
Jonas Andre Arnemann ◽  
Jerson Vanderlei Carus Guedes
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Southern Cone ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Since invasion of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) in South America, identification of Helicoverpa species became essential for Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Thus, we worked out on a pictorial key to identify tree important Helicoverpa species that occur in the Southern Cone of America, using new morphological characters from the prothoracic legs. Adult male and female of Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), H. armigera, and Helicoverpa gelotopoeon (Dyar) were used for identification. Prothoracic legs from moths were removed and images were taken (magnification of 25X) with scales and specialized scales. In addition, images (magnification of 50X) of prothoracic legs were used to measure the foretibia and epiphysis. The results showed that measurable characters were more reliable and accurate on male moths than female moths. For this reason, we will show only detailed results of male moths. Foretibia of H. zea were longer than H. gelotopoeon, but shorter than H. armigera. This size is visible with or without scales and specialized scales on males. Here, we show a first detailed description of protibial epiphysis. H. armigera has the longest epiphysis with fore margin pointed and with bristles terminating before the end of epiphysis. This illustrated pictorial key shown some first detailed descriptions of prothoracic legs. These characters are useful on integrated pest management programs of many crops to identify male representatives of Helicoverpa, which are captured on pheromone traps.

Potential impact of spinosad on parasitoids of Mamestra configurata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2002 ◽  
Vol 134 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.G. Mason ◽  
M.A. Erlandson ◽  
R.H. Elliott ◽  
B.J. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Egg Parasitoid ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Mamestra Configurata ◽  
Microplitis Mediator ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

AbstractThe effects of the biologically derived insecticide spinosad on parasitoids of Mamestra configurata Walker were studied. Adult Trichogramma inyoense Pinto and Oatman (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), an egg parasitoid, were as susceptible to a dose of 0.125 μg/cm2 as they were to a high dose of 2.0 μg/cm2. Application of spinosad to host eggs at the time of oviposition resulted in significantly reduced T. inyoense parasitism and higher parasitoid mortality in parasitized eggs. Adult Microplitis mediator (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a larval endoparasitoid, were highly susceptible at the highest dose tested, 1.0 μg/cm2. Spinosad at 2.0 μg/cm2 fed to larval M. configurata parasitized with M. mediator 1 and 7 d previous caused similar mortality to that for nonparasitized larvae. At a dose of 0.125 μg/cm2, only larvae parasitized 1 d previously showed mortalities similar to those of nonparasitized larvae, whereas larvae parasitized 7 d previously were not affected by this low dose. Larval M. mediator that egressed from hosts parasitized 7 d previously and treated with the low dose were unable to complete cocoon formation and died. This study suggests that integrated pest management programs for M. configurata in canola should include evaluating the presence and abundance of parasitoids.

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