scholarly journals Evaluation of the Effects of Light Intensity and Time Interval After the Start of Scotophase on the Female Flight Propensity of Asian Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Erebidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fang Chen ◽  
Juan Shi ◽  
Melody Keena
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth ◽  
Flight Propensity

scholarly journals Sequencing and de novo assembly of the Asian gypsy moth transcriptome using the Illumina platform

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fan Xiaojun ◽  
Yang Chun ◽  
Liu Jianhong ◽  
Zhang Chang ◽  
Li Yao
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
De Novo Assembly ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Illumina Platform ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth

scholarly journals Gypsy moth genome provides insights into flight capability and virus–host interactions

2019 ◽  
Vol 116 (5) ◽  
pp. 1669-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Qian Cong ◽  
Emily A. Rex ◽  
Winnie Hallwachs ◽  
Daniel H. Janzen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Ontology ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
The United States ◽  
Muscle Adaptation ◽  
Phenotypic Differences ◽  
Plant Foliage ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth

Since its accidental introduction to Massachusetts in the late 1800s, the European gypsy moth (EGM; Lymantria dispar dispar) has become a major defoliator in North American forests. However, in part because females are flightless, the spread of the EGM across the United States and Canada has been relatively slow over the past 150 years. In contrast, females of the Asian gypsy moth (AGM; Lymantria dispar asiatica) subspecies have fully developed wings and can fly, thereby posing a serious economic threat if populations are established in North America. To explore the genetic determinants of these phenotypic differences, we sequenced and annotated a draft genome of L. dispar and used it to identify genetic variation between EGM and AGM populations. The 865-Mb gypsy moth genome is the largest Lepidoptera genome sequenced to date and encodes ∼13,300 proteins. Gene ontology analyses of EGM and AGM samples revealed divergence between these populations in genes enriched for several gene ontology categories related to muscle adaptation, chemosensory communication, detoxification of food plant foliage, and immunity. These genetic differences likely contribute to variations in flight ability, chemical sensing, and pathogen interactions among EGM and AGM populations. Finally, we use our new genomic and transcriptomic tools to provide insights into genome-wide gene-expression changes of the gypsy moth after viral infection. Characterizing the immunological response of gypsy moths to virus infection may aid in the improvement of virus-based bioinsecticides currently used to control larval populations.

A multitrap model for high-intensity reciprocity failure in the photographic grain

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 464-478
Author(s):  
William J. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Interval Duration ◽  
Incident Light Intensity ◽  
Deterministic Process ◽  
Reciprocity Law ◽  
Reciprocity Failure

The response of the photographic grain to light is a non-deterministic process which is as yet not completely understood. This response, as measured by the photographic density, is usually taken to be a function of the product of incident light intensity and exposure time interval duration, but at extreme values of either of these two quantities, this is no longer true. This latter effect is called reciprocity-law failure. This paper discusses a probabilistic model, similar to a multiserver queue, for high-intensity reciprocity failure.

scholarly journals Assessing the Potential Distribution of Asian Gypsy Moth in Canada: A Comparison of Two Methodological Approaches

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivek Srivastava ◽  
Verena C. Griess ◽  
Melody A. Keena
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Potential Distribution ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Economic Threat ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth ◽  
Rule Set ◽  
Special Concern ◽  
European Counterpart ◽  
Cellular Automation Model

AbstractGypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) is one of the world’s worst hardwood defoliating invasive alien species. It is currently spreading across North America, damaging forest ecosystems and posing a significant economic threat. Two subspecies L. d. asiatica and L. d. japonica, collectively referred to as Asian gypsy moth (AGM) are of special concern as they have traits that make them better invaders than their European counterpart (e.g. flight capability of females). We assessed the potential distribution of AGM in Canada using two presence-only species distribution models, Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) and Genetic Algorithm for Rule-set Prediction (GARP). In addition, we mapped AGM potential future distribution under two climate change scenarios (A1B and A2) while implementing dispersal constraints using the cellular automation model MigClim. MaxEnt had higher AUC, pAUC and sensitivity scores (0.82/1.40/1.00) when compared to GARP (0.70/1.26/0.9), indicating better discrimination of suitable versus unsuitable areas for AGM. The models indicated that suitable conditions for AGM were present in the provinces of British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. The human influence index was the variable found to contribute the most in predicting the distribution of AGM. These model results can be used to identify areas at risk for this pest, to inform strategic and tactical pest management decisions.

Potency of Nucleopolyhedrovirus Genotypes for European and Asian Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Podgwaite ◽  
V. V. Martemyanov ◽  
J. M. Slavicek ◽  
S. A. Bakhvalov ◽  
S. V. Pavlushin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses to Unravel Responses of Populus Simonii × P. Nigra to attack by Asian Gypsy moth Lymantria Dispar (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuntong LV ◽  
Lili Sun ◽  
Jingjing Yin ◽  
Yanpeng Jia ◽  
Hui Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolism ◽  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Lymantria Dispar ◽  
Herbivorous Insects ◽  
Defensive Response ◽  
Mechanical Wounding ◽  
Populus Simonii ◽  
Asian Gypsy Moth ◽  
Key Genes

Abstract Background: Poplar is frequently attacked by herbivorous insects, including the Asian gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar. Here, we combined metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis to identify key genes and metabolites involved into the molecular mechanism of defensive enhancement against L. dispar herbivory on poplar. Results: The 3666 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 1,799 up-regulated and 1,867 down-regulated) and 1,171 DEGs (695 up-regulated and 476 down-regulated) were specific in L. dispar herbivory and mechanical wounding, respectively. Moreover, the 9,108 and 7,656 ions were detected while 636 and 531 different ions were obtained using positive (pos) mode and negative (neg) mode, respectively. Among these ions, the 33 and 7 different ions were specific in L. dispar herbivory and mechanical wounding in pos mode while 46 and 4 different ions in L. dispar herbivory and mechanical wounding in neg mode, respectively. The 3,666 specific DEGs in L. dispar herbivory group were classified into phenylpropanoid and flavonoid secondary metabolism pathways by comprehensive networks between transcriptomes and metabolomes. Conclusions: The current findings greatly improve our understanding of the induced defensive response in poplar plants against L. dispar infestation, and will contribute to develop insect-resistance poplar varieties.

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