Turnover of Species and Guilds in Shrub Spider Communities in a 100-Year Postlogging Forest Chronosequence

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takashi F. Haraguchi ◽  
Ichiro Tayasu
Keyword(s):  
Spider Communities

scholarly journals The same but different: equally megadiverse but taxonomically variant spider communities along an elevational gradient

2018 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte ◽  
Luís Crespo ◽  
Pedro Cardoso ◽  
Tamás Szűts ◽  
Wouter Fannes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Spider Communities

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF GRASSLAND MANAGEMENT ON DIVERSITY OF SPIDER ASSEMBLAGES IN THE MÁTRA MOUNTAIN

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Tünde Szmatona-Túri ◽  
Diána Vona-Túri
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Conservation Management ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Hay Meadows ◽  
Mountain Grasslands ◽  
Spider Communities ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Our investigation targeted the diversity of spider communities of meadows under nature conservation management and the relationship between mowing and the spider diversity. The study sites represented by six grasslands on three localities of Mátra mountain of Hungary. All three localities were contained a hay meadow and a not mowed meadow. Hay meadows had the richest spider communities.  In the control habitats, the equitability and the Shannon-Wiener diversity were lower than in the mowed grasslands. According to the Bray-Curtis similarity index significant differences were observed between spider assemblages of mowed and control habitats. The prevention of succession effects so rich structure of the vegetation where diverse spider communities can live. Our results suggest that mowing is a suitable management for maintaining a high biodiversity in mountain grasslands.

scholarly journals Local- versus broad-scale environmental drivers of continental β -diversity patterns in subterranean spider communities across Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1914) ◽  
pp. 20191579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Mammola ◽  
Pedro Cardoso ◽  
Dorottya Angyal ◽  
Gergely Balázs ◽  
Theo Blick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Local Scale ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Mean Annual Temperature ◽  
Geographical Distance ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
Habitat Features ◽  
Spider Communities ◽  
Broad Scale ◽  
Local Habitat

Macroecologists seek to identify drivers of community turnover ( β -diversity) through broad spatial scales. However, the influence of local habitat features in driving broad-scale β -diversity patterns remains largely untested, owing to the objective challenges of associating local-scale variables to continental-framed datasets. We examined the relative contribution of local- versus broad-scale drivers of continental β -diversity patterns, using a uniquely suited dataset of cave-dwelling spider communities across Europe (35–70° latitude). Generalized dissimilarity modelling showed that geographical distance, mean annual temperature and size of the karst area in which caves occurred drove most of β -diversity, with differential contributions of each factor according to the level of subterranean specialization. Highly specialized communities were mostly influenced by geographical distance, while less specialized communities were mostly driven by mean annual temperature. Conversely, local-scale habitat features turned out to be meaningless predictors of community change, which emphasizes the idea of caves as the human accessible fraction of the extended network of fissures that more properly represents the elective habitat of the subterranean fauna. To the extent that the effect of local features turned to be inconspicuous, caves emerge as experimental model systems in which to study broad biological patterns without the confounding effect of local habitat features.

scholarly journals Variation in web-building spider communities among three tropical tree species in a young experimental plantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Luis Esquivel-Gómez ◽  
Luis Abdala-Roberts ◽  
Miguel Pinkus-Rendón ◽  
Víctor Parra-Tabla
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Tropical Tree Species ◽  
Spider Communities ◽  
Web Building

scholarly journals Behavioural hypervolumes of spider communities predict community performance and disbandment

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1844) ◽  
pp. 20161409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan N. Pruitt ◽  
Daniel I. Bolnick ◽  
Andrew Sih ◽  
Nicholas DiRienzo ◽  
Noa Pinter-Wollman
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Trait Diversity ◽  
Spider Communities ◽  
Behavioural Trait ◽  
Community Performance ◽  
Web Building ◽  
Behavioural Diversity ◽  
Trait Space

Trait-based ecology argues that an understanding of the traits of interactors can enhance the predictability of ecological outcomes. We examine here whether the multidimensional behavioural-trait diversity of communities influences community performance and stability in situ . We created experimental communities of web-building spiders, each with an identical species composition. Communities contained one individual of each of five different species. Prior to establishing these communities in the field, we examined three behavioural traits for each individual spider. These behavioural measures allowed us to estimate community-wide behavioural diversity, as inferred by the multidimensional behavioural volume occupied by the entire community. Communities that occupied a larger region of behavioural-trait space (i.e. where spiders differed more from each other behaviourally) gained more mass and were less likely to disband. Thus, there is a community-wide benefit to multidimensional behavioural diversity in this system that might translate to other multispecies assemblages.

Differences in Bifenthrin and Fipronil Susceptibility Among Invasive Latrodectus spp. (Araneae: Theridiidae) and Nontarget Spiders in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Hayasaka ◽  
Tomoki Numa ◽  
Takuo Sawahata
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Parasteatoda Tepidariorum ◽  
Residual Toxicity ◽  
Insecticide Concentration ◽  
Nontarget Species ◽  
Spider Communities ◽  
Ecological Importance

Abstract Prompt responses to invasive Latrodectus spiders introduced unintentionally are needed worldwide due to their medical and ecological importance. Latrodectus species are chemically controlled using pyrethroid insecticides despite concerns about the ecological impacts of these compounds on biodiversity/ecosystems. Here, the relative sensitivities (acute toxicity: 48-h LC50) of Latrodectus hasseltii Thorell and Latrodectus geometricus C.L. Koch from Japan to the conventional neurotoxic insecticide bifenthrin (pyrethroid) and a new candidate insecticide, fipronil (phenylpyrazole), were examined. Acute residual toxicity tests of these compounds in two nontarget spiders (Parasteatoda tepidariorum C.L. Koch (Araneae: Theridiidae), Badumna insignis L. Koch (Araneae: Desidae)) were conducted for comparison. To test whether bifenthrin and fipronil toxicities differed among the four spiders, corresponding species sensitivity distributions (SSDs) were compared, and hazardous concentrations were determined. Sensitivity (especially in the nontarget species) was two to four orders of magnitude higher for bifenthrin than for fipronil. The SSD patterns of the two insecticides differed significantly, with the spider communities being more sensitive to bifenthrin than to fipronil. The lethal bifenthrin concentration for Latrodectus may reduce spider populations by over 70–90%. If L. hasseltii (established throughout Japan) is targeted for effective population suppression rather than L. geometricus (with a limited distribution range) using the specified insecticide concentration (LC50 value) for fipronil, less than 20% of spider communities will be impacted. Chemical operations aimed at the effective population management and subsequent eradication of invasive Latrodectus spiders while supporting local biodiversity conservation would benefit from considerations of fipronil dosages and target species sensitivities.

scholarly journals Ground Spider Communities Under Tropical Land‐Use Change

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton M. Potapov ◽  
Nadine Dupérré ◽  
Malte Jochum ◽  
Kerstin Dreczko ◽  
Bernhard Klarner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Spider Communities
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