A Multiple Decrement Life Table Reveals That Host Plant Resistance and Parasitism Are Major Causes of Mortality for the Wheat Stem Sawfly

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1571-1580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaela Buteler ◽  
Robert K. D. Peterson ◽  
Megan L. Hofland ◽  
David K. Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Multiple Decrement Life Table

Host-Plant Resistance to Spittlebugs: A Life-Table Study With Mahanarva fimbriolata (Hemipera: Cercopidae) in Sugarcane Genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 2655-2661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana M Orozco-Restrepo ◽  
Bruno O Soares ◽  
Vânia M Xavier ◽  
Felipe L Silva ◽  
Márcio Henrique P Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Life Table ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance

Evaluation of resistance of some barley varieties to wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Hama Governorate

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Bashar Al Sheikh ◽  
Laila Aldahak ◽  
Maysoun M. Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Barley Cultivar ◽  
Infection Rates ◽  
Relative Resistance ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Development Stages ◽  
Late Stages

Wheat stem sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) is a significant pest on wheat and barley in Syria, and host plant resistance is one of the most effective mitigation of wasps damage. The preference for laying eggs among females of wheat stem sawfly (WSS) was studied in some cultivation barley varieties in Syria, and the reasons for this preference, by comparing the characteristics of plant height in the stages of early wasp propagation, phenological development stages synchronized with late propagation wasps stages that are known having attraction influence for female wasps to put eggs, within the natural conditions at the place of experimenting in Soran region, northern of Hama, about 20 km. The results showed a great variation in the infection rates between the tested barley cultivar varieties. Female of wheat stem sawfly (WSS) preferred to lay eggs in the barley cultivar (Arabi Aswad) (Aswad means black), which was a sensitive variety for infection althoughit is not being the highest height plant in the early stages or the less developed in the late stages of wheat stem sawfly spread, whereas the rest of the tested varieties distinguished (Furat 1, Furat 3, Furat 4, Furat 5, Furat 6, Furat 9, Arabi Abiad, and Arabi Abiad Mohsan) (Abiad means white, Mohsan means improved) by its relative resistance to the injury. Our results suggest conducting other studies to reach the reasons forpredilection preference or lack of preference and benefit from them later for reducing losses resulting from this injury.

scholarly journals Morphological and Chemical Factors Related to Western Flower Thrips Resistance in the Ornamental Gladiolus

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1384
Author(s):  
Dinar S. C. Wahyuni ◽  
Young Hae Choi ◽  
Kirsten A. Leiss ◽  
Peter G. L. Klinkhamer
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Highly Correlated

Understanding the mechanisms involved in host plant resistance opens the way for improved resistance breeding programs by using the traits involved as markers. Pest management is a major problem in cultivation of ornamentals. Gladiolus (Gladiolus hybridus L.) is an economically important ornamental in the Netherlands. Gladiolus is especially sensitive to attack by western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera:Thripidae)). The objective of this study was, therefore, to investigate morphological and chemical markers for resistance breeding to western flower thrips in Gladiolus varieties. We measured thrips damage of 14 Gladiolus varieties in a whole-plant thrips bioassay and related this to morphological traits with a focus on papillae density. Moreover, we studied chemical host plant resistance to using an eco-metabolomic approach comparing the 1H NMR profiles of thrips resistant and susceptible varieties representing a broad range of papillae densities. Thrips damage varied strongly among varieties: the most susceptible variety showed 130 times more damage than the most resistant one. Varieties with low thrips damage had shorter mesophylls and epidermal cells, as well as a higher density of epicuticular papillae. All three traits related to thrips damage were highly correlated with each other. We observed a number of metabolites related to resistance against thrips: two unidentified triterpenoid saponins and the amino acids alanine and threonine. All these compounds were highly correlated amongst each other as well as to the density of papillae. These correlations suggest that papillae are involved in resistance to thrips by producing and/or storing compounds causing thrips resistance. Although it is not possible to distinguish the individual effects of morphological and chemical traits statistically, our results show that papillae density is an easy marker in Gladiolus-breeding programs targeted at increased resistance to thrips.

scholarly journals Comparative TMT Proteomic Analysis Unveils Unique Insights into Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) Resistance in Cajanus scarabaeoides (L.) Thouars

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5941
Author(s):  
Abigail Ngugi-Dawit ◽  
Isaac Njaci ◽  
Thomas J.V. Higgins ◽  
Brett Williams ◽  
Sita R. Ghimire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Helicoverpa Armígera ◽  
Helicoverpa Armigera Hubner

Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh] is an economically important legume playing a crucial role in the semi-arid tropics. Pigeonpea is susceptible to Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), which causes devastating yield losses. This pest is developing resistance to many commercially available insecticides. Therefore, crop wild relatives of pigeonpea, are being considered as potential sources of genes to expand the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea to improve traits such as host plant resistance to pests and pathogens. Quantitative proteomic analysis was conducted using the tandem mass tag platform to identify differentially abundant proteins between IBS 3471 and ICPL 87 tolerant accession and susceptible variety to H. armigera, respectively. Leaf proteome were analysed at the vegetative and flowering/podding growth stages. H. armigera tolerance in IBS 3471 appeared to be related to enhanced defence responses, such as changes in secondary metabolite precursors, antioxidants, and the phenylpropanoid pathway. The development of larvae fed on an artificial diet with IBS 3471 lyophilised leaves showed similar inhibition with those fed on an artificial diet with quercetin concentrations with 32 mg/25 g of artificial diet. DAB staining (3,3’-diaminobenzidine) revealed a rapid accumulation of reactive oxygen species in IBS 3471. We conclude that IBS 3471 is an ideal candidate for improving the genetic base of cultivated pigeonpea, including traits for host plant resistance.

scholarly journals Deciphering the antagonistic effect of Streptomyces spp. and host-plant resistance induction against charcoal rot of sorghum

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 253 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Subramaniam Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Vadlamudi Srinivas ◽  
Nimmala Naresh ◽  
Sambangi Pratyusha ◽  
Sravani Ankati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Charcoal Rot ◽  
Resistance Induction ◽  
Streptomyces Spp

Electrical penetration graphs combined with stylet cutting in the study of host plant resistance to aphids

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. M. Mentink ◽  
F. M. Kimmins ◽  
P. Harrewijn ◽  
F. L. Dieleman ◽  
W. F. Tjallingii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
Electrical Penetration Graphs
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