Comparison of Parasitism and Infestation of Nantucket Pine Tip Moth in Different Aged Stands of Loblolly Pine 1

1980 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lashomb ◽  
A. L. Steinhauer ◽  
G. Dively
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth

scholarly journals Control of Low-Level Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Populations: A Cost-Benefit Analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Asaro ◽  
Douglas R. Carter ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cost Benefit Analysis ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Damage Threshold ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Volume Index ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Intensively Managed

Abstract The Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana, an important pest of intensively managed loblolly pine, can cause significant long-term volume loss in plantations. The primary objective of this study was to establish an economic damage threshold beyond which chemical control of this pest becomes cost-effective. Tip moth damage estimates were obtained from 200 trees for each generation over a 3-year period after planting on two sites in the Georgia Piedmont. A volume index (D2H) was obtained for each of these trees at the end of the study. Significant reductions in volume were observed among trees with relatively low damage levels (10–30% of shoots infested on average over a 3-year period) compared with those trees sprayed with insecticide throughout the study. Growth projection models were used to extrapolate 3-year volume differences among treatments to a full rotation. These and other parameters were used to calculate land expectation values and, subsequently, willingness to pay values for tip moth control at the beginning of the rotation using various discount rates. The results of this analysis suggest that an economic injury level for R. frustrana may be reached when damage levels, on average, exceed 30% infested shoots. South. J. Appl. For. 30(4):182–187.

Relation of Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Attack and Fusiform Rust Infection in Loblolly Pine Families

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy L. Hedden ◽  
Roger P. Belanger ◽  
Harry R. Powers ◽  
Thomas Miller
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Insecticide Treatment ◽  
Fusiform Rust ◽  
Rust Infection ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Combined Control ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between pine tip moth attack and fusiform rust infection was studied in a 12-year-old loblolly pine stand in Houston County, GA. Four pine families were selected for study, and 24 trees of each family were felled for evaluation. The lower 8 ft of each tree was cut into two 4-ft sections and split to reveal the pith. Each section was examined for evidence of pine tip moth attack and the presence of fusiform rust galls. The analysis revealed 476 tip moth attacks and 99 fusiform rust galls. Forty-six of the rust galls occurred at the same place as a tip moth attack. These results, when combined with those of previous studies, suggest that the control of the pine tip moth may reduce the incidence of fusiform rust. Growth and yield simulations and economic analyses indicate that insecticide treatment of loblolly pine for the combined control of the pine tip moth and the associated reduction in levels of fusiform rust infection may be potentially cost effective in stands managed for sawtimber, but not for pulpwood. South. J. Appl. For. 15(4):204-208.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF INUNDATIVE RELEASES OF TRICHOGRAMMA EXIGUUM (HYMENOPTERA: TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE) FOR SUPPRESSION OF NANTUCKET PINE TIP MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN PINE (PINACEAE) PLANTATIONS

2000 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Orr ◽  
Charles P-C. Suh ◽  
Kenneth W. Mccravy ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford ◽  
Gary L. Debarr
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
First Year ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Female Longevity ◽  
And Control ◽  
Inundative Releases

AbstractInundative releases of Trichogramma exiguum Pinto and Platner were evaluated for suppression of the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), in first-year loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., plantations. Three releases, spaced 7 d apart, were made in three 0.4-ha plots during second-generation R. frustrana egg deposition. Each release included three cohorts of T. exiguum developmentally separated by 25 degree-days. Mean ± SD field release rate for each cohort was 328 238 ± 88 379 females/ha. Mean T. exiguum emergence under laboratory conditions for released cohorts was 96 ± 2%, with 74 ± 3% females, of which 1 ± 1% of females displayed brachyptery; female longevity was 18 ± 3 d. Field emergence averaged 96 ± 4%. Parasitism of R. frustrana eggs was significantly increased, ranging from 40 ± 19 to 73 ± 22% in T. exiguum-treated plots and 17 ± 17 to 67 ± 21% in control plots. Data from all treated plots combined showed R. frustrana egg survival (hatching) was significantly reduced by 46%, and larval populations were significantly reduced by 60%. There was no significant difference in the percentage of terminals damaged between T. exiguum-treated (31 ± 16%) and control plots (45 ± 10%); however, length of terminal damage was significantly lower in treated plots. The percentage of damage to top whorl shoots was significantly lower in T. exiguum-treated plots compared with control plots, but there was no significant difference in length of tunneling damage. Damage to remaining shoots was not significantly different between T. exiguum-treated and control plots. Microhabitat significantly influenced both mean maximum and minimum temperature and the number of consecutive hours per day that were at or above 35 °C (critical temperature for T. exiguum survival). Soil surface with no cover had the greatest number of hours at or above 35 °C, followed by soil surface with herbaceous cover, and canopies of small trees (0.4 m tall). Canopy habitats in larger trees (0.9–1.8 m tall) had the most moderate temperature conditions. Parasitoid emergence was significantly reduced in response to increasing number of consecutive hours at or above 35 °C. Predation of parasitoids prior to emergence was significantly affected by microhabitat and by the length of time capsules were in the field before T. exiguum emergence (i.e., cohort number).

Impact Studies of Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Populations on Loblolly Pine 1

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 910-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Lashomb ◽  
A. L. Steinhauer ◽  
L. Douglass
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Impact Studies ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth

Monoterpene emissions and cuticular lipids of loblolly and slash pines: potential bases for oviposition preference of the Nantucket pine tip moth

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darrell W. Ross ◽  
Göran Birgersson ◽  
Karl E. Espelie ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Pinus Elliottii ◽  
Slash Pine ◽  
Cuticular Lipids ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Loblolly Pines ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Chain Lengths

Monoterpene emissions from intact 5- to 29-month-old loblolly and slash pine seedlings contained α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, myrcene, sabinene, β-phellandrene, and limonene. α-Pinene made up > 50% of the volatiles from both species. β-Pinene was significantly more abundant in slash (35.6%) than in loblolly pine (15.3%), while myrcene was significantly more abundant in loblolly (10.9%) than in slash pine (3.4%). Cuticular lipids represented 0.11 and 0.06% of the dry weight biomass of shoots from loblolly and slash pines, respectively. Species differences in cuticular lipid composition were primarily in relative proportions of a group of unidentified compounds that appear to be saturated and unsaturated diols and (or) hydroxy alcohols with chain lengths of about 18 carbons. 10-Nonacosanol made up 16.2 and 14.1% of the total lipids recovered from loblolly and slash pines, respectively. The Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), may use these chemical differences to distinguish the susceptible loblolly pines from the resistant slash pines. Key words: Pinus taeda, Pinus elliottii, monoterpene emissions, cuticular lipids, Rhyacionia frustrana.

scholarly journals Nantucket Pine Tip Moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2005 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne N. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Pine Seedlings ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Pinus Taeda L

The Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), is a serious pest of young pine in plantations, wild pine seedlings in open areas, Christmas tree plantings, ornamental pines, and pine seed orchards in the United States. Growth loss and stem deformity, caused by larvae feeding inside growing shoots, buds, and conelets, can be considerable during the first five years when most damage occurs (Yates et al. 1981). The increasing population of a preferred host species, loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.), in Florida poses an ever-increasing problem of Nantucket pine tip moth infestations. This document is EENY-304 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular 298), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: August 2003.  EENY304/IN581: Nantucket Pine Tip Moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock) (Insecta: Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) (ufl.edu)

Spatial Distribution of the Nantucket Pine Tip Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Newly Established Loblolly Pine Plantations

1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-215
Author(s):  
S. R. Clarke ◽  
F. M. Stephen ◽  
J. E. Dunn
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
First Year ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Second Year

The spatial distribution of trees infested by the Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), was examined using random 36 tree samples taken from contiguous quadrats in eight loblolly pine plantations in their first and second year of growth in southwestern Arkansas. Infestations were distributed throughout first-year plantations by the end of the second tip moth generation. The distribution of infested trees was generally random in the first generation, with increasing aggregation in subsequent generations. Factors such as vegetation level may alter this pattern.

A Comparison of Three Common Indices Used for Estimating Nantucket Pine Tip Moth Damage in the Field

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Fettig ◽  
C. Wayne Berisford
Keyword(s):  
Loblolly Pine ◽  
Large Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Tree Damage ◽  
Damage Indices ◽  
Nantucket Pine Tip Moth ◽  
Rhyacionia Frustrana ◽  
Upper Level ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Whole Tree

A quick and efficient means to estimate Nantucket pine tip moth, Rhyacionia frustrana (Comstock), damage levels that is also a reliable indicator of upper level and whole-tree damage is highly desirable because of the large sample sizes used in growth impact studies. Correlation and regression analyses were performed on the percentage of loblolly pine, Pinus taeda L., shoots damaged in three tree strata by R. frustrana. A large data set revealed highly significant correlations between terminal, top whorl, and whole-tree damage estimates. However, terminal and whole-tree estimates were weakly correlated. Top whorl damage was strongly correlated with both terminal and whole-tree damage indices. We conclude that top whorl damage indices are an efficient estimate and a sensitive indicator of both terminal and whole-tree damage levels.

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