Codling Moth: 1 Effects of Gamma Radiation on Mating Propensity of Each Sex, and the Limitation of Mating by Females

1975 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. B. Hutt ◽  
L. D. White
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Mating Propensity

INFLUENCE OF GAMMA RADIATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT AND FERTILITY OF THE CODLING MOTH, CARPOCAPSA POMONELLA (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)

1962 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-420 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
J. R. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Mating Behavior ◽  
High Mortality ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Dominant Lethality

Exposure of the mature pupa or the newly emerged adult of the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.), to 40,000 rads of gamma radiation induced dominant lethality in at least 98% of the sperm without affecting adult emergence, mating behavior, or adult longevity. Higher dosages decreased the frequency of mating. Irradiation of eggs, mature larvae, or young pupae induced dominant lethality in a high percentage of the sperm, but caused prohibitively high mortality and frequently reduced mating. The female was more radiosensitive than the male. In general, sensitivity decreased as development progressed from the egg to the adult stage.

scholarly journals Effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis on F1 progeny of Cydia pomonella

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
I. Idris ◽  
K. Hussian
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Egg Hatchability ◽  
F1 Progeny ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Inherited Sterility

Summary The codling moth [Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)] is the main pest in most apple orchards in Syria. It causes billions of dollars in loss of fruit crops every year. The present work examined the effects of gamma radiation and Bacillus thuringiensis (BT) on F1 progeny of C. pomonella. The experimental design was based on two factors, namely F1 offspring produced by males irradiated at a dose of 150 Gy, and artificial diet of BT-treated larvae. The first offspring of unirradiated and irradiated C. pomonella males, F1, were from parents treated with a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis BT (Dipel® 2X). F1 progeny of unirradiated was significantly less susceptible to BT than that of irradiated parents. The results showed high mortality in F1 progeny of C. pomonella when gamma radiation and BT were applied together. The LC50 in F1 progeny was 2.5 ppm for irradiated parents, while it was 13 ppm for unirradiated ones. A significant reduction in the fecundity and egg hatchability of F1 progeny of irradiated parents compared to unirradiated ones was observed. This study demonstrated that for F1 progeny the combination between Inherited Sterility Technique and BT can be useful to achieve an integrated pest management program of codling moth.

EFFECT OF CHITIN-SYNTHESIS INHIBITORS ON OVIPOSITION BY TREATED ADULTS AND ON SUBSEQUENT EGG HATCH OF THE CODLING MOTH, CYDIA POMONELLA (LEPIDOFTERA: OLETHREUTIDAE)

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (12) ◽  
pp. 1659-1662 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. R. Moffitt ◽  
K. D. Mantey ◽  
G. Tamaki
Keyword(s):  
Topical Application ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Mating Pair ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Chitin Synthesis ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Chitin Synthesis Inhibitors ◽  
Mating Propensity

AbstractIn laboratory studies with the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), TH 6043 and TH 6044, new benzoylphenylurea chitin-synthesis inhibitors, were more effective than TH 6045 and diflubenzuron in reducing hatch of eggs from treated adults. With TH 6043 and TH 6044, egg hatch was reduced only when the female of each mating pair was treated. Topical application of diflubenzuron to adults moderately reduced egg hatch while TH 6045 had no effect. Diflubenzuron also reduced oviposition by females. None of these compounds adversely affected mortality, longevity, or mating propensity of adults.

Orchard Assessment of the Sterile Male Technique for Control of the Codling Moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)

1966 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
J. R. Newton ◽  
D. M. Logan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Sterile Male

AbstractSterile male codling moths, exposed as pupae to 40 krad of gamma radiation and released in an abandoned 20-tree apple orchard for 3 years, reduced the percentage of fruits injured by mature or almost mature second-brood larvae from 4.94 to 0.05. Numbers of sterile males released, ratios of sterile to fertile males during peak emergence of first-brood moths, and numbers of overwintering larvae were: 1961 (3 DDT sprays applied) — 0, 0:1, 400; 1962 — 21,300, 8:1, 957; 1963 — 67,500, 21:1, 43; 1964 — 89,200, 715:1, 6.

Some Effects of Gamma Radiation on the Reproductive Potential of the Codling Moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Olethreutidae)

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 1162-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Proverbs ◽  
J. R. Newton
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Broad Sense ◽  
The Third ◽  
Male Moth ◽  
Radiation Induced

This is the third paper in a series dealing with investigations, initiated in 1956, to determine if the codling moth, Carpocapsa pomonella (L.), might be eradicated in the Okanagan and Similkameen Vallevs of British Columbia by the release of sexually sterile moths. In the first twoe papers exposure to heat (Proverbs and Newton, 1962) and to gamma radiation (Proverbs and Newton, 1962a) were examined as methods of inducing sexual sterility. Heat was not satisfactory. However, exposure of fully developed pupae to 40,000 rads of gamma radiation induced almost complete sexual sterility (used in the broad sense) in the male moth without causing undesirable side effects. The female was more easily sterilized than the male.

Effects of sterilization modes on the mechanical strengths of plaster of paris implants

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 890-891
Author(s):  
K. Cowden ◽  
B. Giammara ◽  
T. Devine ◽  
J. Hanker
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Potassium Sulfate ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Radiation Sterilization ◽  
Plaster Of Paris ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Dry Heat ◽  
Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate

Plaster of Paris (calcium sulfate hemihydrate, CaSO4. ½ H2O) has been used as a biomedical implant material since 1892. One of the primary limiting factors of these implants is their mechanical properties. These materials have low compressive and tensile strengths when compared to normal bone. These are important limiting factors where large biomechanical forces exist. Previous work has suggested that sterilization techniques could affect the implant’s strength. A study of plaster of Paris implant mechanical and physical properties to find optimum sterilization techniques therefore, could lead to a significant increase in their application and promise for future use as hard tissue prosthetic materials.USG Medical Grade Calcium Sulfate Hemihydrate Types A, A-1 and B, were sterilized by dry heat and by gamma radiation. Types A and B were additionally sterilized with and without the setting agent potassium sulfate (K2SO4). The plaster mixtures were then moistened with a minimum amount of water and formed into disks (.339 in. diameter x .053 in. deep) in polyethylene molds with a microspatula. After drying, the disks were fractured with a Stokes Hardness Tester. The compressive strengths of the disks were obtained directly from the hardness tester. Values for the maximum tensile strengths σo were then calculated: where (P = applied compression, D = disk diameter, and t = disk thickness). Plaster disks (types A and B) that contained no setting agent showed a significant loss in strength with either dry heat or gamma radiation sterilization. Those that contained potassium sulfate (K2SO4) did not show a significant loss in strength with either sterilization technique. In all comparisons (with and without K2SO4 and with either dry heat or gamma radiation sterilization) the type B plaster had higher compressive and tensile strengths than that of the type A plaster. The type A-1 plaster however, which is specially modified for accelerated setting, was comparable to that of type B with K2SO4 in both compressive and tensile strength (Table 1).

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