Bemesia argentifolii (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae): Host Preference and Factors Affecting Oviposition and Feeding Site Preference

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 354-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang–Chi Chu ◽  
Thomas J. Henneberry ◽  
Allen C Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Host Preference ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Fruiting Species Influence the Seasonal Use of the Habitat by Sloth Bear in and around Balaram Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary, Gujarat, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Tana P. MEWADA ◽  
Umeshkumar L. TIWARI ◽  
Amit KOTIA
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Sign Surveys ◽  
Common Resource ◽  
Reserve Forest ◽  
Sloth Bear

Sloth bear populations in India are threatened, and the ecology and distribution of the species occurring in the region's protected areas are known, but there is no scientific basis underlying management strategies for sloth bear. We used bear indirect and opportunistic direct signs like feeding site, scats, foot print trails, claw marks on climbing trees, to study habitat use and distribution of sloth bear (Melurus ursinus) across Balaram Ambaji Wildlife Sanctuary and Danta Reserve Forest, Gujarat, India from April, 2010 to January 2011. We survey 40 grids (5 × 5 km) 3 km signs survey = 120 km × 3 = 360 km and total 766 bear signs were recorded, and for vegetation we surveyed 40 grids × 2 km vegetation transect = 80 km were sampled. A total of nine (9) vegetation types were recorded and the bear sign where crossed check with the vegetation forest type. Fruits appear to be a key resource for sloth bears, and factors affecting fruit abundance or seasonality will affect bear foraging as well as the humans to depend on such fruits as a food common resource. Knowledge of this relationship will allow managers to be more proactive in managing bears. We recommend using sign surveys for monitoring changes in sloth bear presence, as they are inexpensive, efficient, and can be conducted by trained rangers.

LEAFHOPPER VECTORS OF PHONY PEACH DISEASE: FEEDING SITE PREFERENCE AND SURVIVAL ON INFECTED AND UNINFECTED PEACH, AND SEASONAL RESPONSE TO SELECTED HOST PLANTS1

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell F. Mizell ◽  
William J. French
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Adult Survival ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Baccharis Halimifolia ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Percent Survival ◽  
Vector Abundance ◽  
Homalodisca Coagulata ◽  
Time Of Year

The feeding site acceptance and adult survival of 2 leafhoppers, Homalodisca coagulata (Say) and H insolita (Walker), the vectors of phony peach disease (PPD), were determined on branches of uninfected and infected peach, Prunus persica L. Batsch ‘Flordaking’. The seasonal use pattern of H. coagulata on 19 species of plants was also observed in the field during 1983 – 1985. Although all sections of branches were used, both species of leafhopper accepted the terminal growth for feeding more frequently than older tissue on both infected and uninfected trees. Survival of field collected adults of the H. insolita was not different on infected or uninfected branches. However, percent survival of H. coagulata was significantly higher on uninfected peach branches. Japanese plum, P. salicina, ‘Santa Rosa’; citrus, Citrus sp. × Poncirus sp. hybrid; sumac, Rhus sp.; eastern baccharis, Baccharis halimifolia L., and crape myrtle, Lagerstroemia indica L. were food plants used most frequently by H. coagulata in the field. Fifteen other food plants were used to a lesser degree. Peach was only an occasional host. Vector abundance on particular food plants varied with species and time of year. The implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Feeding-Site Preference of Fall Armyworm, Corn Earworm, and Granulate Cutworm (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) on Florunner Peanut1

1992 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. S. Deitz ◽  
J. W. Chapin ◽  
P. H. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Head Capsule ◽  
Corn Earworm ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Larval Size ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Feeding Observations

Abstract The feeding-site preferences of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), corn earworm (CEW), Helicoverpa zea (Boddie), and granulate cutworm (GCW), Agrotis subterranea (F.) were studied on excised laterals and entire plants of Florunner peanut. Six larval size classes, based on head-capsule widths, were distinguished for FAW and GCW, and five for CEW. FAW and CEW larvae had very similar feeding behaviors. Both species fed primarily on the terminal three leaves of peanut laterals, but this preference for young foliage declined with larval age. All FAW and CEW size classes fed on blooms, with greatest incidence (21% of feeding observations) occurring in the second through fourth size classes. Axillary-bud feeding by FAW and CEW was greatest (23 and 17% of feeding observation, respectively) in the third size class. The last two larval size classes of FAW and CEW spent 20% of feeding time on R2 pegs. GCW fed primarily on blooms through the first four size classes. Foliage feeding by GCW remained ≤10% of feeding observations until the fifth size class. GCW did not feed on axillary buds in whole plant studies. Peg feeding by GCW peaked in the fourth and fifth size classes (36% of feeding observations). On whole plants, each FAW consumed 4.8 ± 1.2 tetrafoliate leaves, severed 6.3 ± 1.6 pegs, and damaged an additional 3.6 ± 1.7 pegs. Each CEW consumed 4.7 ± 0.8 leaves, severed 7.1 ± 1.6 pegs, and damaged 2.4 ± 1.4 pegs. Each GCW consumed 3.9 ± 0.5 leaves, severed 8.5 ± 2.0 pegs, and damaged 3.5 ± 1.3 pegs.

Feeding site preference of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on maize grain

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Nwosu ◽  
C.O. Adedire ◽  
E.O. Ogunwolu
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Sitophilus Zeamais ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Breeding For Resistance ◽  
Flat Side ◽  
Maize Varieties ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Ibadan Nigeria

The possibility thatSitophilus zeamaisMotschulsky prefers a particular grain side and a grain side area for feeding, and the implications and value in maize programmes' breeding for resistance were investigated in the laboratory at ambient temperature (32.7 °C) and relative humidity (70.4%) using standard techniques. A total of 20 elite maize varieties were used: TZBRCOMP.2C1F1, TZBRELD3C5, PVASYN-3F2, PVASYN-6F2, DTSYN-11-W, BR9943DMRSR, IWDC3SNY-W, WHITEDTSTRSYN, 2008DTMA-YSTR and 2000SYNEE-WSTR, obtained from the Maize Breeding Unit of International Institute for Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Ibadan, Nigeria, and ILE-1-OB, IFEMAIZEHYBRID-1, IFEMAIZEHYBRID-2, IFEMAIZEHYBRID-5, IFEMAIZEHYBRID-6, ARTCOMPOSITE-A-Y, ARTCOMPOSITE-B-Y, ART/98/SW1-OB, ART/98/SW4-OB and ART/98/SW5-OB, obtained from the Institute of Agricultural Research and Training (IAR&T), Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria. The flat side of a maize grain at the point of penetration was significantly preferred (P≤ 0.05), possibly because it provided much needed space for anchorage and feeding. The South locus of the flattened side of a maize grain was also significantly preferred (P≤ 0.05), possibly because of its soft nature and proximity to the nutrient-rich embryo. The findings of the study have implications for seed viability and can be considered in breeding for resistance to infestation byS. zeamaisin stored maize.

Factors Affecting Flock Size Mean and Variance in a Winter Population of House Sparrows (Passer Domesticus L.)

Behaviour ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 74 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 114-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.J. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Passer Domesticus ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Seed Density ◽  
Flock Size ◽  
House Sparrows ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Mean And Variance ◽  
Winter Population

Abstract1. In a field experiment with a winter population of house sparrows at a farm, flock size at a given feeding site appeared to be positively related to seed density. 2. The positive relationship between flock size and seed density resulted from individual birds spending longer in areas where seed density was high and from birds being recruited from elsewhere on the farm to experimental sites. 3. Mean flock size was positively related to and the variance of flock size negatively related to the time of day and both showed a tendency to be negatively correlated with the amount of human disturbance. Mean flock size was also positively related to ambient temperature and flock size variance negatively related to daylength. 4. The rate of fighting per bird increased with flock size and time of day but decreased with increasing ambient temperature. 5. The pattern of flock size distribution in house sparrows is compared to that in juncos and some differences between the two may be attributable to differences in the type of food supply and temperature range over winter.

scholarly journals Host Genes That Affect the Target-Site Distribution of the Yeast Retrotransposon Ty1

Genetics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 1393-1407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanhua Huang ◽  
Joo Yun Hong ◽  
Carol L Burck ◽  
Susan W Liebman
Keyword(s):  
Genetic System ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Site Preference ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Site Distribution ◽  
Short Transcript ◽  
Assembly Factor ◽  
A Subunit ◽  
Rnap Ii ◽  
Histone Transcription

Abstract We report here a simple genetic system for investigating factors affecting Ty1 target-site preference within an RNAP II transcribed gene. The target in this system is a functional fusion of the regulatable MET3 promoter with the URA3 gene. We found that the simultaneous inactivation of Hir3 (a histone transcription regulator) and Cac3 (a subunit of the chromatin assembly factor I), which was previously shown by us to increase the Ty1 transposition rate, eliminated the normally observed bias for Ty1 elements to insert into the 5′ vs. 3′ regions of the MET3-URA3 and CAN1 genes. The double cac3 hir3 mutation also caused the production of a short transcript from the MET3-URA3 fusion under both repressed and derepressed conditions. In a hir3Δ single-mutant strain, the Ty1 target-site distribution into MET3-URA3 was altered only when transposition occurred while the MET3-URA3 fusion was actively transcribed. In contrast, transcription of the MET3-URA3 fusion did not alter the Ty1 target-site distribution in wild-type or other mutant strains. Deletion of RAD6 was shown to alter the Ty1 target-site preference in the MET3-URA3 fusion and the LYS2 gene. These data, together with previous studies of Ty1 integration positions at CAN1 and SUP4, indicate that the rad6 effect on Ty1 target-site selection is not gene specific.

Factors affecting host preference of Lutzomyia evansi (Diptera: Psychodidae), a vector of visceral leishmaniasis in Colombia

1996 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Montoya-Lerma ◽  
Richard P. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sand Flies ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Leishmania Chagasi ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Baited Traps ◽  
San Andres

AbstractPrevious studies have shown the sandfly Lutzomyia evansi to be the vector of Leishmania chagasi in northern Colombia. A longitudinal survey during seven months on the host preference of Lutzomyia evansi was conducted in the visceral leishmaniasis focus of San Andrés de Sotavento, Colombia. Host preference was determined by presenting sandflies with a choice of three baits (human, and the reservoirs dog and opossum) and a blank control in specially designed cone traps. A rotational experimental design involved 56 trap nights in which the effect of bait, proximity to forest and season could be distinguished from the potentially confounding factors of site and day to day variation. From a total of 598 sandflies caught during all experiments, females and males of Lutzomyia evansi accounted for 93.8% of the captures in the baited traps. Overall, human attracted the greatest number of sand flies, followed by the other two baits. Attraction and feeding success showed significant differences (P < 0.0001) between baits.

scholarly journals Feeding site preference of Dilobopterus costalimai Young and Oncometopia facialis (Signoret) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) on citrus plants

2004 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-768 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela C. Marucci ◽  
João R.S. Lopes ◽  
José D. Vendramim ◽  
José E. Corrente
Keyword(s):  
Site Preference ◽  
Feeding Site
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