Larval and Pupal Parasitism of the Strawberry Leafroller (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Obrycki ◽  
Andrew M. Ormord ◽  
Aaron D. Gabriel ◽  
Candy J. Orr
Keyword(s):  
Pupal Parasitism

Incidence and ecological relationships of pupal parasitism byBrachymeria intermedia in new Jersey populations of the gypsy moth

Entomophaga ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Williams ◽  
R. W. Fuester ◽  
W. W. Metterhouse ◽  
R. J. Balaam ◽  
R. H. Bullock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Ecological Relationships ◽  
Pupal Parasitism

SEASONAL INCIDENCE OF FALL ARMYWORM (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) PUPAL PARASITISM IN CORN BY DIAPETIMORPHA INTROITA AND CRYPTUS ALBITARSIS1 (HYMENOPTERA: ICHNEUMONIDAE)

1989 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 339-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Pair ◽  
H. R. Gross
Keyword(s):  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Carabid Beetles ◽  
Mortality Factor ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Seasonal Incidence ◽  
Pupal Parasitism ◽  
Solenopsis Invicta Buren ◽  
Imported Fire Ant ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
New Habitats

Diapetimorpha introita (Cresson) occurred from May to November and was the primary parasitoid of fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), pupae in corn fields at Tifton, GA, from 1983 to 1985. Another previously unreported pupal parasitoid of FAW, Cryptus albitarsis (Cresson), occurred only during a single sample conducted in November 1984. Rates of parasitism averaged 5.2% (range 0–23.7%) and 8.4% (range 0–50.0%), respectively, during 1983 and 1984, with the highest rate occurring in September to November of each year. In a limited study conducted in September and October 1985, total pupal parasitism averaged 33.3% (range 0–44.4%). Predation was the primary mortality factor, averaging 44.7, 37.8, and 95.8%, respectively, during 1983, 1984, and 1985. Predators found either in FAW pupation tunnels or feeding directly upon pupae were earwigs, Labidura riparia (Pallas); nonidentified carabid beetles; wireworms, Conoderus sp.; and the imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. These studies indicate parasitoids and predators of FAW pupae play a primary role in regulating FAW populations following their development in corn and likely significantly reduce the numbers that subsequently disperse into new habitats for oviposition on other crops.

Population dynamics of the coconut caterpillar, Opisina arenosella Walker (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae), in Sri Lanka

1988 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. C. R. Perera ◽  
M. P. Hassell ◽  
H. C. J. Godfray
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dynamics Analysis ◽  
Triggering Mechanism ◽  
Working Hypothesis ◽  
Opisina Arenosella ◽  
Population Outbreaks ◽  
Pupal Parasitism ◽  
Generation Period

AbstractOpisina arenosella Walker is a defoliating pest of coconut in Sri Lanka. A first attempt was made to understand its population dynamics. Analysis of records of population outbreaks throughout the country from 1965 to 1985 revealed cycles in the population of approximately one generation period, giving the population the appearance of partially discrete generations. There was also evidence for longer cycles of six-month period. Outbreaks occurred throughout the coconut-growing regions of Sri Lanka, and the numbers of outbreaks per year in different provinces were sometimes correlated, indicating a common, probably climatic, triggering mechanism. Parasitism remained high throughout the outbreaks and there was some evidence that pupal parasitism increased towards the end of an outbreak. A working hypothesis that explains the population dynamics of O. arenosella and the origin of outbreaks is presented.

scholarly journals Some Biological and Behavioral Studies of the Tetrastichus sp. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), a Pupal Parasitoid of Brontispa longissima Gestro (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

CORD ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Vivencio C. Gallego ◽  
Ma. Cynthia E. Gallego2 ◽  
Ivorie J. dela Torre
Keyword(s):  
Field Condition ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Adult Longevity ◽  
Pupal Parasitoid ◽  
Behavioral Studies ◽  
Pupal Parasitism ◽  
Host Pupa

The Tetrastichus sp. was identified as a pupal parasitoid indigenous to the Philippines. The total development period of Tetrastichus sp. from egg to adult was 16 days under laboratory conditions.  The average incubation, larval and pupal periods were 3.5, 4.8, and 7.4 days, respectively. The average adult longevity was 5.5 (male) and 6.4 (female). Upon emergence of an adult wasp from the host pupa, mating took place shortly and the female look for suitable host pupa of Brontispa longissima for oviposition. Tetrastichus sp. is an endogregarious parasitoid. From one parasitized pupa of Brontispa longissima, around 6 - 66 individual wasps emerged with a mean of 22.4 while parasitized pupae collected from the field yielded 4 - 21 individuals with a mean of 12.7.            Majority of the wasps emerged in the morning (70%) while 30% emerged in the afternoon. Sex ratio of male and female was 1:5.4 in laboratory condition while 1:3.7 under field condition with females outnumbered the males. Tetrastichus sp. was observed in some cases to reproduce parthenogenetically. Longevity of Tetrastichus sp. can be enhanced to a mean of 7.3 and 6.0 days by feeding on sugar and honey, respectively while water and coconut pollen resulted in longevity of 3.3 and 2.4 days, respectively. Adults without food lived only one day. Parasitism efficiency ratio of 10 parasitoids: 10 host pupae resulted in 90% parasitism. One to two day old pupa of B. longissima was preferred by Tetrastichus sp. for oviposition with a mean of 86.7% parasitism. Percent pupal parasitism in the field ranged 25.7 - 42.3% with an average of 27.6% in selected areas in Mindanao. Tetrastichus sp. was found to effectively control B. longissima under field condition. The study indicated that Tetrastichus sp. is an effective control agent of B. longissima and could be used in the field to prevent economic damage of the palms by the pest.

Establishment ofRhinocyllus conicuson Milk Thistle in Southern California

Weed Science ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.D. Goeden ◽  
D.W. Ricker
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Southern California ◽  
Milk Thistle ◽  
Silybum Marianum ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Ladybird Beetles ◽  
Rhinocyllus Conicus ◽  
Pupal Parasitism

During 1971 and 1972, 4,400 adults ofRhinocyllus conicusFroelich were introduced into southern California from Italy for the biological control of milk thistle [Silybum marianum(L.) Gaertner]. These flowerhead-infesting weevils were colonized at nine, and successfully established at five, widely separated locations. Field data on the incidence and increase ofR. conicusat colonization sites are presented. Biotic mortality factors reported forR. conicusin southern California include predation of eggs by ladybird beetles (Hippodamiasp.) and of adults by snakeflies [Raphidia (Agulla) adnixaHagen] and spiders, destruction of weevils in flower-heads consumed by cattle and rodents, and larval and pupal parasitism by pyomotid mites.

scholarly journals Spatial Field Survey of Cotton Whitefly and its Pupal Parasitism in Relation to Temperature and Humidity in Southern Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Waris Sanjrani ◽  
Shah Nawaz Khuhro ◽  
Asif Sajjad ◽  
Abid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Pupal Parasitism ◽  
Cotton Whitefly
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