Host Plants Used by Gypsy Moths Affect Survival and Development of the Parasitoid Cotesi melanoscela

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Werren ◽  
Michael J. Raupp ◽  
Clifford S. Sadoff ◽  
Thomas M. Odell
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Gypsy Moths ◽  
Survival And Development

scholarly journals The selective sequestration of glucosinolates by the cabbage aphid severely impacts a predatory lacewing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruo Sun ◽  
Xingcong Jiang ◽  
Michael Reichelt ◽  
Jonathan Gershenzon ◽  
Daniel Giddings Vassão
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cabbage Aphid ◽  
Biochemical Effects ◽  
Self Defense ◽  
Aliphatic Glucosinolates ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Brassicaceae Family

AbstractThe cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae is a notorious agricultural pest that specializes on plants of the Brassicaceae family, which are chemically defended by glucosinolates. By sequestering glucosinolates from its host plants and producing its own activating enzyme (myrosinase), this aphid employs a self-defense system against enemies paralleling that in plants. However, we know little about the metabolic fate of individual glucosinolates during aphid sequestration and activation and about the biochemical effects of this defense on aphid enemies. Here, we probed these questions focusing on B. brassicae and a predatory lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea. We found that distinct glucosinolates were accumulated by B. brassicae at different rates, with aliphatic glucosinolates being taken up more quickly than indolic ones. B. brassicae myrosinase enzymatic activities toward different glucosinolates were strongly correlated to their rates of accumulation in vivo. Surprisingly, after simulated predation, the production of toxic isothiocyanate products (ITCs) was quantitatively outweighed by less toxic products such as nitriles and ITC-conjugates. Nevertheless, the defensive cocktails significantly impaired C. carnea development. Tissue-specific quantification of glucosinolate metabolites revealed that the lacewings employ both conjugation and mobilization to reduce the toxicity of aliphatic ITCs, but these strategies were only partially effective. These results clarify the metabolic fates of glucosinolates after sequestration by an aphid herbivore and further in a higher trophic level, as well as the consequences for predator survival and development, and might be instructive for integrative pest management approaches targeting the cabbage aphid.

scholarly journals Comparison of Survival and Development of Gypsy Moth Lymantria dispar L. (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) Populations from Different Geographic Areas on North American Conifers

Insects ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody A. Keena ◽  
Jessica Y. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
North American ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Asian Populations ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Gypsy Moths ◽  
Geographic Origins ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Better Than

Host utilization information is critical to managers for estimating the hosts at risk and potential geographic range for gypsy moths from different geographic origins. In this study, the development and survival of gypsy moths from all three subspecies on 13 North American conifers and three broadleaf hosts were compared. There was variation in the ability of gypsy moth larvae from different geographic origins to utilize (survive and develop on) key North American conifers. However, that variation was not consistent within gypsy moth subspecies, but instead was more consistent with populations from different origins being preadapted to utilize different hosts and having different biologic traits. Some Asian populations developed and survived well on some conifers while populations from Europe and North America gained weight faster and/or survived better than some Asian populations. Although development was slower and survival poorer on several of the conifers, first instar larvae were able to utilize conifers unless the needles were tough or feeding deterrents were present. Host phenology was also critical since the early instars fed preferentially on new foliage or buds. Gypsy moth larvae can utilize many hosts, so this makes it a very adaptable invasive species that warrants taking measures to prevent its spread.

Effect of Mi-1.2 gene in Natal Host Plants on Behavior and Biology of the Tomato Psyllid Bactericerca cockerelli (Sulc) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare L. Casteel ◽  
Linda L. Walling ◽  
Timothy D. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Host Selection ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Host Preference ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicon ◽  
As Species ◽  
Useful Components ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Subsequent Selection ◽  
Selection Of

The Mi-1.2 gene has been isolated from wild varieties of tomato, Solanum peruvianum (Mill), and incorporated into near isogenic commercial varieties of tomato, Solanum lycopersicon. Plants containing the gene confer resistance to tomato psyllid, Bactericerca cockerelli (Sulc), as well as species of aphids, whiteflies, and nematodes. Considering bias in host preference and oviposition responses based on early adult experience is well documented in the literature; the objective of this study was to determine if the presence or absence of the Mi-1.2 in the rearing host influenced subsequent host selection, oviposition, and development time. The results presented here show that the host that psyllids developed on did not affect subsequent selection of host for oviposition, but incidence of oviposition was higher on plants that did not contain the Mi-1.2 gene [Moneymaker (mi-1.2)] compared to plants with the Mi-1.2 gene [Motelle (Mi-1.2)]. Psyllid nymph survival and development time did not differ between plant varieties. Consequently, plants containing the gene may be useful components to IPM programs to control the tomato psyllid.

Survival and Development of Gypsy Moths (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) on Corn and Soybean Foliage

1997 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph C. Kamalay ◽  
Jack H. Barger ◽  
Paulette E. Pierson
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moths ◽  
Survival And Development

Preimaginal Survival and Development ofColeomegilla maculataandHippodamia convergens(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Reared onAcyrthosiphon pisum:Effects of Host Plants

2001 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 964-971 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristopher L. Giles ◽  
Renee Stockland ◽  
Robin D. Madden ◽  
Mark E. Payton ◽  
Jack W. Dillwith
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Survival And Development

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

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