Changes in the Spatial Distribution of the Clover Root Curculio (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Alfalfa Field Soil

1985 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 864-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Quinn ◽  
A. A. Hower
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Alfalfa Field ◽  
Clover Root

MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS OF THE POPULATION STRUCTURE OF SITONA HISPIDULUS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN ALFALFA FIELD SOIL

1986 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Quinn ◽  
A.A. Hower
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Canonical Correlation ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Multivariate Statistical Techniques ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Sitona Hispidulus ◽  
Small Root ◽  
Alfalfa Field

AbstractThe multivariate statistical techniques of canonical correlation and canonical redundancy analyses were used to assess the population structure of larvae of Sitona hispidulus (F.) in alfalfa field soil. A series of rhizosphere variables was correlated with a series of insect variables that represented the developmental stages of the insect to identify relationships between the insect and rhizosphere. Results indicated that 1st and 2nd-instar larvae were correlated with small root nodules and soil moisture, but not with taproot biomass. Third- and 4th-instar larvae and pupae were not correlated with any of the rhizosphere components measured. Fifth-instar larvae were associated with taproot biomass.

Spatial distribution of soil forces on moldboard plough and draft requirement operated in silty-clay paddy field soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irshad Ali Mari ◽  
Changying Ji ◽  
Farman Ali Chandio ◽  
Chuadry Arslan ◽  
Asma Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Paddy Field Soil

scholarly journals Distribution of Hydrogen-Metabolizing Bacteria in Alfalfa Field Soil

1986 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 1091-1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott D. Cunningham ◽  
Yoram Kapulnik ◽  
Donald A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Field Soil ◽  
Alfalfa Field

THE WITHIN FIELD SPATIAL PATTERN OF THE LARVAL EGYPTIAN ALFALFA WEEVIL, HYPERA BRUNNEIPENNIS (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE): AN APPLICATION OF PARAMETER ESTIMATES IN SIMULATION

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (12) ◽  
pp. 1599-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerrel B. Christensen ◽  
Andrew P. Gutierrez ◽  
Warren R. Cothran ◽  
Charles G. Summers
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Decision Rules ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Alfalfa Weevil ◽  
Leaf Consumption ◽  
Alfalfa Field ◽  
Dispersion Patterns ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
Competition For Food ◽  
Hypera Brunneipennis

AbstractThe spatial distribution of the Egyptian alfalfa weevil larvae using Iwao’s index of dispersion was examined in a California alfalfa field. The changing dispersion patterns with time were found to be influenced by both density induced competition for food and varying spatial distribution of host plants. values characteristic for both years quickly stabilized. This made possible a method for estimating leaf consumption rates by larval populations with an aggregated distribution, k being derived from . Field sampling decision rules were also determined.

Lithography below 100 nm

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 96-99
Author(s):  
L. D. Jackel
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Scattering ◽  
Electron Beam Lithography ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Local Electron ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Positive Resist ◽  
Exposure Process

Most production electron beam lithography systems can pattern minimum features a few tenths of a micron across. Linewidth in these systems is usually limited by the quality of the exposing beam and by electron scattering in the resist and substrate. By using a smaller spot along with exposure techniques that minimize scattering and its effects, laboratory e-beam lithography systems can now make features hundredths of a micron wide on standard substrate material. This talk will outline sane of these high- resolution e-beam lithography techniques.We first consider parameters of the exposure process that limit resolution in organic resists. For concreteness suppose that we have a “positive” resist in which exposing electrons break bonds in the resist molecules thus increasing the exposed resist's solubility in a developer. Ihe attainable resolution is obviously limited by the overall width of the exposing beam, but the spatial distribution of the beam intensity, the beam “profile” , also contributes to the resolution. Depending on the local electron dose, more or less resist bonds are broken resulting in slower or faster dissolution in the developer.

SEM evaluation of the TEM cold-stage double-film specimen

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 272-273
Author(s):  
Jayesh Bellare
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Liquid Sample ◽  
Thin Specimen ◽  
Sample Preparation Technique ◽  
Cold Stage ◽  
Film Specimen

Seeing is believing, but only after the sample preparation technique has received a systematic study and a full record is made of the treatment the sample gets.For microstructured liquids and suspensions, fast-freeze thermal fixation and cold-stage microscopy is perhaps the least artifact-laden technique. In the double-film specimen preparation technique, a layer of liquid sample is trapped between 100- and 400-mesh polymer (polyimide, PI) coated grids. Blotting against filter paper drains excess liquid and provides a thin specimen, which is fast-frozen by plunging into liquid nitrogen. This frozen sandwich (Fig. 1) is mounted in a cooling holder and viewed in TEM.Though extremely promising for visualization of liquid microstructures, this double-film technique suffers from a) ireproducibility and nonuniformity of sample thickness, b) low yield of imageable grid squares and c) nonuniform spatial distribution of particulates, which results in fewer being imaged.

Macroprobe Mode for the Study of Segregation in Steels

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Auclair Gilles ◽  
Benoit Danièle
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Chemical Information ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Accurate Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Optical Micrographs

During these last 10 years, high performance correction procedures have been developed for classical EPMA, and it is nowadays possible to obtain accurate quantitative analysis even for soft X-ray radiations. It is also possible to perform EPMA by adapting this accurate quantitative procedures to unusual applications such as the measurement of the segregation on wide areas in as-cast and sheet steel products.The main objection for analysis of segregation in steel by means of a line-scan mode is that it requires a very heavy sampling plan to make sure that the most significant points are analyzed. Moreover only local chemical information is obtained whereas mechanical properties are also dependant on the volume fraction and the spatial distribution of highly segregated zones. For these reasons we have chosen to systematically acquire X-ray calibrated mappings which give pictures similar to optical micrographs. Although mapping requires lengthy acquisition time there is a corresponding increase in the information given by image anlysis.

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